Wall mlilo: inkcazelo, iindidi, kunye neendidi isixhobo

Eyona njongo ephambili yale udonga lomlilo kumi indlela zokunciphisa ulawulo kwindawo komlilo, kwakunye nasekunciphiseni umonakalo owenziwe ngumlilo. Nezakhiwo ezinjalo unako ukusindisa isakhiwo okanye izakhiwo ezivuthayo phambi kokufika abacimi. Xa engekho izakhiwo ezinjalo okanye ufakelo olungachanekanga nga lujongene ukusasazeka entle ngokukhawuleza emlilweni kwawa iindonga. Oku nje umonakalo ilungileyo kancinane, emibi kakhulu imiphumo inokuba sisale ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye noshishino kufuneka babenolwazi iimpawu iindonga lomlilo ukuvumela kwimeko lomlilo ukusindisa ubomi nokulondoloza impahla.

Eyona eziphambili ze kweendonga umlilo

udonga umlilo zihlelwa indlela obeka kule sakhiwo. Ngenxa yoko, zilungiso ezinjalo inokuba zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi. Ngaba kubizwa neendonga hlobo kwakhona embonweni yoxinezeleko, baya kuba bakwazi ukuzixhasa okanye yenethiwekhi. Kwimeko yokuqala, udonga uvelisa umthwalo ubunzima bayo kunye transfers kwi imiqadi isiseko. Ngoxa ethwele iindonga ukuqonda ubunzima wayo nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo eninzi ukudibana, ezinye Ipeyinti zokwakha.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba izakhiwo ezinjalo zihlelwe ngokomthetho umda kanye iyawulwa umlilo, leyo ixhomekeke kwinguqulelo. Ukuba umsebenzi ukwakha iindonga zazenziwe imithetho zobuchwepheshe, kufuneka kwakhiwe nokuphakama iphela izakhiwo, ngokubonelela umlilo non-proliferation kwiindawo elandelayo bay. Oku kukwasebenza ukuwa unilateral izakhiwo kwakunye nezakhiwo emlilweni. Iindonga kufuneka ube nobude eyakhelwe okanye sakhiwe kumgaqo-Uhlobo yokuqala Iizilebhu yokhuseleko emlilweni, ukubonelela ngaphandle womlilo badlulela amagumbi abakufuphi tye. izakhiwo ezinjalo zisekelwe phezu kwesiseko okanye umqadi lesiseko, ukunqumla imigangatho kunye nezakhiwo.

ukuba irekhodi

udonga lomlilo ingafakwa kwi ulwakhiwo isidumbu okanye zithinteli ezakhiwe ngezinto zokwakha ezingekho-ezinokutsha ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile, phakathi kwabo: eqine phezulu ukuxhathisa isakhiwo umlilo kunye ukumelana nomlilo uthimbo. Ukwenziwa umba yokuqala iya kuqinisekisa uzinzo izakhiwo eludongeni apho uphumle, kwakunye kwamiliselwa iiprojekthi nitrogen therebetween. Ezi yunithi kufuneka ukumelana nomlilo, akayi kuba leyo ngaphantsi oko iyawulwa umlilo ezingundoqo kocingo.

Ukufakelwa lomlilo-yoyilo

udonga lomlilo kufuneka avuke ngaphezu isakhiwo ngu 60 cm okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kuyinyaniso ukuba omnye iinxalenye garret eyakhelwe-phezulu okanye ukutyabeka wabumba amaqela izinto G3 okanye G4. Njengoko umnyinyiva kophahla ubabalo. Iyanda olu donga kufuneka-30 cm okanye ngaphezulu ukuba amacandelo eyakhelwe-up kunye kumgangatho yokugcina zenziwe amaqela izinto G1 okanye G2. Kulo mzekelo, njengoko i ngaphandle enze kwakhona yophahla.

iindonga ezinjalo okanye angavuki phezu kophahla, ukuba zonke izinto Ipeyinti ezenziwe ngezinto noncombustible. Ukuba udonga olungaphandle ilungu mahlelo alandelayo ingozi yomlilo: K1, K2 kunye K3 - ke udonga kufuneka kuwela data zoyilo uye ngaphaya moya olungaphandle zodonga eziyi-30 cm.

Ngamanye amaxesha ulwakhiwo iindonga umphandle luyenziwa usebenzisa izinto noncombustible ngombhinqo Injengokubengezela. Kulo mzekelo, uyilo umlilo kufuneka babelane Injengokubengezela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba ukuyila data musa ngaphaya kweendonga zangaphandle-moya.

Iimpawu zokwakha

udonga lomlilo kunye inxalenye yayo engaphandle unokuba iingcango, iifestile namasango, umlilo nonnormable ngaphandle. Umgama ngaphezu uphahla kwesinye kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-8 m kwicala nkqo. Ngokubhekiselele kumphezulu tye, eli xabiso kuyehla ku-4 m. Xa isakhiwo yahlulwe kwiindawo emlilweni kufuneka uphawu incombustibility ukuba eludongeni ebeyinalo ibekwe ngendlela gumbi ngokubanzi kunye nangaphezulu.

Eyona engundoqo Iintlobo kweendonga

Ukuqwalasela iintlobo iindonga umlilo, kandziyisa umahluko kuyilo zabo. Ezi mveliso kuyilwa iibhloko iqhekeza okanye izitena. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, zinokuba izidumbu. Kwimeko yokugqibela, isithuba lwangaphakathi ukuze ndizaliswe impahla iqhekeza okanye panel, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo iya kubizwa ngokuba isakhelo-panel.

Xa kufikwa iindonga iimpahla iqhekeza, ngoko ke umda iyawulwa umlilo uyahlangabezana neemfuneko nemigangatho. Xa olu donga kufuneka abe ububanzi ngezitena 0.5. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindonga umlilo ube ububanzi 25, 38 okanye 51 cm. Oku lugqithe ngaphaya umda yenkcaso emlilweni noShimeyi 150. Le aguguthe iindonga nangesigqubuthelo sayo, imigangatho kwenziwa ukuze ukumelana nomlilo kuxhomekeke data esilala kwaye ibandakanya iimpawu. Kodwa ukuba lwakwakhiwa udonga amathambo, ngoko ke kufuneka zanelise iimfuno ezingqongqo ngakumbi, kuba umlilo Imida ukumelana azixhomekekanga kuphela balo babulingana nesandla, kodwa kwiindawo isakhelo kuhlangana.

Ngexesha umlilo, kwasiso ziya kuboniswa nelangatye macala omathathu. Ukuze kumiselwe ukumelana nomlilo, kuyimfuneko ukubala parameter bokuhlala ukuya ku- node nganye. Ixabiso lokugqibela yamkelwa ngokungqinelana ne isalathi ezincinane.

iimpawu ze-Uhlobo lokuqala eludongeni

iindonga umlilo lohlobo 1 iimpawu ezithile zoyilo. Kulo mzekelo, izinto zokwakha kophahla kufuneka luqulathe igama izinto ezingezizo ukutsha, kodwa firewalls ukutyisa ngaphaya kwinqanaba eliseluphahleni. Ukuba amacandelo zazenziwe izinto kade-ukutsha, firewall uphakanyiselwa 300 mm ngaphezu uphahla. Ukuba ukwakha iindonga ezenziwe ngezinto zokwakha olunokutsha, i-firewall niwele udonga uze uye ngaphaya kwawo ngesitrato 600 mm.

Amanqaku iindonga umlilo kuhlobo lwesibini

uhlobo udonga lomlilo 2 kufuneka ziyilwe kwisiseko, uwele isakhiwo yonke ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Nokuba udonga ingqamana isiphelo ukumelana nomlilo, nto leyo eziziimpawu uhlobo lokuqala, ubumpi ke obo, oko lunomahluko bubukho zeenqwelwana hlulo. Ekungeneni neendonga efakiweyo iingcango umlilo. Xa hlengisa i sakhiwo ukunyusa izinga iyawulwa umlilo kwezakhiwo kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa imveliso yemichiza, ezizezi:

• iiplasta;
• ukumitha;
• iipeyinti kunye nezinye nemixube.

Ezichazwe iindonga umlilo sakhiwo kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezingatshiyo, abe gazodymonepronitsaemosti eliphezulu isidanga. Wall olunga- wokwahlula iindawo kunye izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo umthwalo umlilo.

Iimpawu ze ngodonga lomlilo

iindonga engangenwa nezinto ezahlukeneyo. Laba iingcingo nkqo ukuba zenzelwe ukwahlula izithuba phakathi umgangatho ofanayo. Njengoko imisebenzi yabo kuphuma ukulibaziseka ukusasazeka yomlilo, ngaphakathi umgangatho omnye. izakhiwo ezinjalo kufuneka ube ziindawo awo kunokwenzeka zemixube enokuba umonakalo. Bona ibekwe yayigcinwa kwakhona ngothungelwano, izitora, angaphantsi, imijelo, emigodini ikheshi, oko ke kusehlisa umonakalo enokubakho xa lomlilo.

isiphelo

Ukufakelwa kweendonga umlilo kufuneka ikhatshwe izikhewu ezikumgangatho ophezulu lokutywina phakathi iipanele, iindonga kunye amaceba wesakhiwo. Imiqobo kufuneka ingabalwa ndingekhoyo ngokupheleleyo. Ekuhambeni emsebenzini, omnye okhethekileyo ukulwa umlilo amagwebu, nto leyo ke ligutyungelwe udaka unokwenziwa usekelwe zesamente kunye nesanti.