Wayo umzimba womntu: inkqubo isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi. njani umntu

Umzimba womntu - twisiseka, indlela enzima, elinako kungekuphela nje ukwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa azive, ukucinga. Wayo umzimba womntu ibonisa ukuba aphume billion asixhenxe eziphilayo emhlabeni kukho efanayo ngokupheleleyo imbonakalo yabantu, kodwa isakhiwo umzimba nge-99% kuzo zonke efanayo. Nature uye walungiselela ukuze xa ecacileyo, umsebenzi kakuhle nelungelelanisiweyo onke amalungu iindlela zobomi ukuqinisekisa ubomi obude umzimba wethu.

Wayo umzimba womntu

Umzimba womntu - mnye ephilayo, apho ezinxulumene isenzo onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo zihlobene. Le yunithi esisiseko seli. Ngexesha ukufikelela umzimba womntu omdala ibandakanya avareji iiseli billion ezintathu. Bonke bephela wabumba imizimba, zadityaniswa inkqubo, nganye kuzo lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ebomini. Systems zomzimba womntu:

• nemithambo yegazi. Oku kuquka emithanjeni, imithambo, imithambo, intliziyo. Lo msebenzi ungundoqo sistim zokumpompa igazi, beninikela ukuba onke amalungu. Icala lasekhohlo wentliziyo - "impompo" umzimba uphela, inxalenye lasekunene izihlunu zentliziyo wanikela ngegazi emiphungeni ukuze ziwutyebisayo mpilo. Intliziyo iye ngeengcamba ezintathu (myocardium, epicardium, endocardium). Ngamnye kubo ezixineneyo kunye nokusebenza.
• inkqubo yokucola iyaneliseka imfuneko ukutya sikuphendule izondlo zibe amandla. Ebandakanywa wokugaya: kwisisu ngomlomo, kuvuleke iminxunya, isisu, emathunjini amancinci, ikholoni, ezinqeni siphela.
• Skin. imisebenzi ebalulekileyo omzimba wabantu rhoqo edibene nemingcipheko ezahlukeneyo. Isikhumba sikhusela umzimba kokusingqongileyo, Into etyabulayo zangaphandle. inkqubo isikhumba iqulathe kwesikhumba (kubandakanywa amadlala sebaceous kunye nokubila), iinwele, iinzipho kunye mikromyshts abayibambe iinwele.
• Le nkqubo emithanjeni. Eyona umsebenzi - le nezokukhupha kunye yezothutho nkovu ngawo umzimba.
• inkqubo Musculoskeletal. Luquka ngamathambo omntu, apho amathambo zihambelana kunye namanye amalungu ngalinye zixhaswa izihlunu eziqhotyoshelwe amathambo yi imisipha. Isifundo komzimba womntu kucala kunye uviwo lwe ubume amathambo. Ngokubanzi, amathambo lenziwa amathambo 206.
• Luvo. I-luvo uthwala umzimba onoxanduva ulwazi emzimbeni kunye nokusingqongileyo. Yahlulwe neuropathy central.
• inkqubo Reproductive. iinkqubo Complex umzimba, yahluke ngokupheleleyo ukusuka inkunzi nemazi. Sinoxanduva umsebenzi ngokwesondo kunye jikelele zizale yabantu.

njani umntu: indawo zamaqumrhu. intloko

Wonke umzimba womntu ekhethekileyo, kwindawo ethile kwaye yenza umsebenzi wayo. Ukwenza isishwankathelo umzimba womntu, kubalulekile ukwazi apho umzimba. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela naziphi na ukwenzakala, nokuba ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ingcali ukujongana ngesifo ethile.

Brain, mhlawumbi, kwaye uhlala nxalenye endimangazayo eyay umzimba. Onke amalungu omzimba phantsi kweli ziko. Ngaba nobuchopho lukakayi, lukhuselwe kunye namathambo omeleleyo yokakayi. Ukususela zobuchopho kwimithambo- agcwayele umzimba, yona efumana imiqondiso ukubetha omnye okanye elinye inyathelo. Ngenxa nezamaqela ingqondo sibona, ukuva, yiva, siyashukuma, okunene ubomi, sikho.

isifuba

Wonke umntu ufuna ukwazi ngayo abantu, iindawo apho zikhoyo amalungu ezinkulu. Cinga esifubeni. Kwicala ngaphambili entanyeni, ngaphantsi apile-Adam, kuba indlala lengqula encinane, oko kubizwa ngokuba "ibhetri" umzimba wethu. Kuyinto inoxanduva lokuyila iihomoni eziphambili ezibonelela umsebenzi kakuhle elungelelanisiweyo lonke amalungu omzimba wethu. Nge ubudala, ndlala ndlala yaye uye phantsi kuba em- thoracic.

Faka i esifubeni uvalo esiswini esahlula umzimba dystrophy. Heart ekhohlo, ifumaneka phakathi ekunene kunye nemiphunga ekhohlo, emva breastbone. Ukukhanya babe yinxalenye enkulu kummandla esifubeni. Yandisa ngokusuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphethweni, kufuneka simise amajukujuku, ngasemva ibekwe ukuya lomqolo. base ezinye ukukhanya esihlunwini uvalo. Olukhuselwa yi-ezimbanjeni.

esiswini

Ichibi eziphambili zokuba, ukugcina ukutya esiswini. Le ibekwe ngezantsi uvalo, kwicala lasekhohlo lwe peritoneum. Ngasemva, ngezantsi nje isisu nguye injeke. It uyazifohloza amafutha, iikhabhohayidrethi, ngeeproteni uvelisa glucagon kunye insulin - i iihomoni ezibalulekileyo.

Ekunene, ngaphantsi uvalo, isibindi lilapha. umsebenzi iququzelele komzimba womntu ixhomekeke emzimbeni. Isibindi - filter yethu engundoqo. Kwinxalenye emazantsi kwesibindi, xa elitywinwe indawo senyongo, nto leyo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ukutya. Icala lasekhohlo hypochondria na udakada, likhusela umzimba wethu evela zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ukulahleka igazi.

amathumbu

indawo Lower isisu peritoneum nekuhlala emathunjini amancinci, ngokubonelela elide entsonkothileyo. Ukuqala Amathumbu amakhulu (cecum) - kwicala lasekunene. Emva koko ikholoni peritoneum yhuu phezulu aze awe phantsi kwicala lasekhohlo. Cecum ujonge kwisihlomelo. Ikholoni engena umgca othe ngqo, uyaphela ezimpundu - iplagi ngokusebenzisa owasusa ubunzima kufuneka ubumdaka.

izitho genitourinary

Xa kuqwalaselwa inkqubo yomzimba womntu, ufumanisa ukuba ngamnye kubo ngendlela yaso kubalulekile kwaye kuyimfuneko. Izintso zidityaniswe amalungu kwinkqubo enzala. Le sezintso eliseleyo ibekwe ngaphezulu kancinci ngenxa yokwanda ubukhulu isibindi sakhe sokunene. Phezulu kwe kwezintso elowo adrenal. Indima yabo enkulu, baye bakhululwa iihomoni ngaphezu mathathu ngqo kwi egazini. Ukusuka apha ngezantsi, xa isinqe, isinyi womchamo ibekwe. Amadoda emva kwakhe - i vesicles amadlozi, amathumbu. Abafazi - lobufazi, ezantsi - izihlunu bomgangatho zangasese. glands emibini emincinane - amaqanda belele kwisisu zangasese, kumacala ahlukeneyo isibeleko, nemisipha eziqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Xa abantu, cofa amatyhalarha (amasende) ibekwe isingxobo samatyhalarha, nto leyo livela ngaphandle. Ngezantsi esinyini - ndlala wendlala.

iseli

Inika isishwankathelo secandelo le-umzimba womntu, indawo yokuqala sibeka ebuhlanti. Yeyona unit lincinane zesakhiwo zisebenza. Umzimba womntu - ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini iintlobo ziiseli, nganye eneyazo isakhiwo yayo, isakhiwo olusebenzayo. Ukuba sicinga isakhiwo jikelele kwisicwangciso, oko kunto-nye. Iqokobhe, ukuba kukho icytoplasm yaye kwasekwa - iinkalo eziphambili enye iseli. Le istili Iifomu a glycocalyx kunye plasmalemma. Xa kukho icytoplasm kunye organelles kwahluka hyaloplasm.

Udonga iseli inikeza umsebenzi receptor, permeability ukukhetha, ukugqithiselwa imiqondiso yombane kunye kwemichiza, esahlula into intercellular le protoplasm.

Iimpawu eziphambili iiseli kumsebenzi abalulekile nochuku, ukutya, ukuzala, ukwaluphala, ukufa.

Lokugaya kwenzeka ngokuqhubekayo. Iseli usoloko iquka izinto ezahlukeneyo inxaxheba amandla kunye zeplastiki yokucolwa ziyasetyenziswa amacandelo ethatyathwe, uyakhululwa amandla thermal.

Iseli uyakwazi ukusabela kwizinto lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle ezahlukeneyo. Phendula iFomu - excitability, inxulunyaniswa intlawulo iseli ndizayo.

Iseli nganye umjikelo wayo obomi. Yonke imihla, umzimba womntu malunga 1-2% iiseli kufa ngenxa yokwaluphala baze baqalise ezintsha, inkqubo into eqhubekayo.

amalaphu

Ingubo luqokelelo iiseli, izinto intercellular ukuba abe isakhiwo eqhelekileyo, umsebenzi, imvelaphi. Xa abantu ngeentlobo ezine izicwili, kukho:

• inyama Epithelial. Ngokusekelwe imvelaphi ectodermal, nokuphola ngokukhawuleza, kukho ubuncinane wenkqu intercellular, akukho imithambo yegazi, ukwakweli ndizayo ongaphantsi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi epithelium: single - tyaba, zezindlu, cubic, epithelium ciliated, ebandakanya - ezinawo, neorogovevayuschy, epithelium glandular.
• kwizicwili. Oku kuvela mesoderm. imilo lweeseli luvulekile ezahlukeneyo, kuphuhliswa kweziyobisi intercellular. Ukwahlula ifayibha - a izihlunu evakalala, izihlunu ashinyeneyo, intlala, ithambo, nenqatha, nkovu, igazi. inyama Hematopoietic kwakhona lilifa xhulumaniso.
• Izihlunu zomzimba. Kuye iipropati ukuhla nemincili. striated ezahlukeneyo samathambo, striated kwentliziyo, egudileyo.
• inyama luvo. Mihlaba ibalulekileyo - excitability kunye conductivity. Tissue imvelaphi ectodermal, imelwe glia kunye iiseli zemithambo-luvo.

System, umsebenzi zomzimba

Ngoko ke, wabancina isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi emzimbeni womntu. Thina iimeko iziphumo azimise zonke imisebenzi zeenkqubo ngamnye ngendlela itafile.

Njengoko ubona, umzimba womntu - inkqubo enamandla epheleleyo, kunye nesakhiwo sayo ethile.