Yefowuni ibhetri kuqhuma, kungani na ukuba kwenzeke oku?

Thina sonke emngciphekweni, elowo kuthi iqulethe bendlu (epokothweni, emsebenzini) iziqhushumbisi eziphathwayo ekwaziyo bahambe ukwenzakala kakhulu, okanye ukufa. Kwaye konke oku iteknoloji yokwakha eziyingozi iibhetri, elisuke laba umgangatho kuba ihlabathi lonke yaye akazange ukoyikisa uluntu.

Lithium-ion

Namhlanje sonke sisebenzisa ezininzi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye ezintsha zobugcisa, ukusebenza ngokusekelwe iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion. Olu hlobo ibhetri yombane, ebonakala ngamanye amandla efanayo yokusebenza kwalo, ukuxinana amandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenziseka ngokwemigaqo yenkonzo.

Nangona iimpawu zayo ezintle, ezi iibhetri sesona soyikiso. Iibhetri hlobo zisenokuqhushumba, umonakalo okanye atshabalalise impahla, yaye loo nto yoyikekayo emzimbeni okubi okanye kukhokelela ekufeni.

Noko ke, iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion ezisasazwa kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi bomntu. Olu hlobo umthombo wamandla inokufumaneka iimoto, iinqwelo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba Smartphones nezidanga, ezo uninzi lwabantu basebenzisa yonke imihla, qho okokoko. Lwaba ukuthetha, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, zonke uluntu namhlanje ephethe isixhobo imbabala leyo isebenze xa kwimeko wokongamela ingozi lilishwa okanye ngenxa ngumlimi yokungakhathali.

Izizathu ezinokwenzeka of dubulo kwebhetri

iibhetri Lithium ziyavavanywa ngexesha kwaye zithathwa ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, ukuba ulandela zonke iingcebiso umenzi, kodwa kaninzi kangakanani umntu ubuncinane unomdla imiyalelo? Nayiphi na impatho kungaba nesiphumo engcwabeni. Umzekelo, utshintsho elibukhali kwamaqondo obushushu, nto leyo yenye ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo kutheni ibhetri fail. Kulo mzekelo, a lwe Lithium-ion battery iqalisa ukuvelisa irhasi, ibhetri uba zityebile kakhulu, avuze kungabonwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Zombini uphawu kudala kwemvumelwano ngoko nangoko zokusetyenziswa kwefowuni, ukhuphe ibhetri kunye nokulahlwa kwayo abanobuchule. Ukongezelela ukutshintsha iimeko thermal, kukho ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela kukuqhushumba ibhetri, ekufuneka ingqalelo.

neziphumo ezibonakalayo nokulungiswa zokwexeshana

Nawuphi na umonakalo, ukugoba okanye kukothuka kungabangela zokufudumeza ngokugqithisileyo ibhetri, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo kubandakanya ukwanda. Kukwanjalo uya kuba njengokuhlaba ukuba asoloko ehamba ukulungiswa.

"Jack yonke imisebenzi", ngokufuthi kubhenela ukulungisa yonke into, ngaphandle kokucela uncedo lobungcali. Mhlawumbi amava amatsha - ukuba nkqu abaphile ngayo abantu baphuhlise izakhono zabo kwaye wonge imali, kodwa xa kufikwa iibhetri lithium, kufuneka alibale ngezinto 'ubuchule' yakhe ngenxa yokuba ibattery yaye alungise ayikwazi ukuba iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo "ententeni" encinane kumaziko lweevenkile kwaye linoxanduva nolungiso iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki.

Overdischarge and Wear

Njengoko nangona oko kuvakala isigqebelo, kodwa xa ushiya ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion yedwa, kusesemini kuyingozi, njengoko unako ukusebenzisa i uninzi lwezinto kwentlawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo, ibhetri waphula nje phantsi kwaye liyayeka ukuba umsebenzi, kodwa ukuba kukunyaba zabantu isibindi olukhulu. iinzame ezininzi kwakhona ibhetri labafileyo wabuyela ebomini zirekhodwe, nje ngokubeka phezu ukuxhuzulwa (kwifowni osebenzayo okanye ngaphandle). Kule yaye kwelinye icala, lo yebhetri mfutshane-wesiphaluka, nangoko ngobubele lobushushu yokutsha washa.

Kanye ekhabhinethi endala unokuwela ngaphandle nangaliphi na ixesha, uyakwazi shushu ngokugqithisileyo ibhetri endala. Njengoko usebenzisa ukuba Unxiba phandle, ulahlekelwa umthamo, iinxalenye ezithile ezonakeleyo. kuza ixesha, kwaye utshintsho emzimbeni kwi battery kufuneka itshintshwe.

Kwihlazo ne Galaxy Note 7

Uninzi nciphisa ibhetri jikelele (kwimarike mobile) ngo-2016, kunye ukukhutshwa smart evela Samsung. Kude kube ngoku, kwabonakala umhla yokuzinikela yefowuni ibhetri dubulo njenge enqabileyo, ingozi ndenzile. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-2016, xa kangangeveki eendaba ingxelo amatyala angaphezu kwe-35, kuqhuma Galaxy Note 7 iifowuni, yonke into yatshintsha.

7 Qaphela, ngasendleleni, kwathathwa kakuhle kakhulu, ifowuni iye yafika yonke ngokupheleleyo, kodwa, ukuzama yogqithe ziintshaba, i Samsung lizama ebunjiweyo kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, abameli ezisemthethweni nkampani Korean wathi ekunabiseni iphulo ehlabathini ukubuya ye elektroniki ezineziphene. Phones wacela ukuba unikezele modeli, kodwa kuthiwa na iqela elitsha. Akuyona kweentsuku ezimbalwa, le meko iphindiwe kunye Umda entsha. Abantu baqalisa ukuba kwi Samsung rhoqo yaqala ukuvutha iimoto, atshabalalise impahla, abantu ubunzima, ubunzima ukutsha kakhulu. Ngaxa lithile, i Korea ephoselwe ngasemva isigqibo ukuba awuqhawule yokuthengwa yomnxeba indibano.

Izinto ezibangela iingxaki Galaxy Note 7

Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, ukususela ngoJanuwari 2017, inkampani akazange anikezele naziphi na izimvo ecacileyo malunga nesiganeko. zophengululo abaninzi kunye nabantu eziqhelekileyo umsebenzi yenkampani bathi iinjineli abanakho ukuzala kwantinga elabhoratri.

Lo mbutho ozimeleyo ityekele ukukholelwa ukuba iqhume ngenxa ingxaki ubonelelo isilawuli amandla. Complex (ashinyeneyo) smartphone kokuyilwayo ziqulathe umboniso touch egosogoso ukumqumbisa iinxalenye ibhetri ezimbini: a cathode kunye anode, nto leyo yakhokelela ekubeni ukufudumeza ngokugqithiseleyo. Ibhetri lithium isoloko ngokulwela ukwandisa kwamaqondo obushushu, yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa umenzi kwafuneka ukuba aye kuyo, ukuze xa ngaxa lithile, smart umnakekeli ukutya. Ngelishwa, le nto ayizange yenzeke. Kwaye, enoba Qaphela ukuba abasebenzisi kunye Samsung wayo, uqhushumbo battery ingxaki enkulu echaphazela wonke.

Imiphumo ukuba inkampani

Ukuze siqonde oko wajika isiganeko olunjalo inkampani, ngokwaneleyo ukuba ri exiyin'weni xa vona. Yintoni umboleki ecinga malunga kwimveliso ngequbuliso waba intlekisa kwaye ibeka ubomi? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iphetshwe. Kodwa inye into - igama ukuba namhlanje akukho ngomso, nemini emva kwakhona apho, yaye enye into - nezibakala zokwenene. Le nkampani ubunzima ilahleko, kwaye embi kakhulu kwaye inxaso kweeyunithi eziziimobhayili - 22 billion zeerandi. Iifoni becela ithuba agcwalisiwe ukude ukuphepha ezinye udubulo.

Okwangoku, ifowuni akwenziwa, inkampani liphanda kwaye nethemba kuphela ukuba dubulo ze battery Samsung Qaphela-7, kuya kusebenza le Korea isifundo oluya kubenza namandla.

Amatyala kuqhuma iPhone

Nangona yayo ekhethekileyo emarikeni Smartphones kunye inqanaba elincinane umtshato, nkqu "apile" smartphone abe ukuqhushumba zokwexeshana. Enye yezona meko zakutshanje kwantinga yeemveliso ezintsha Apple likaThixo iPhone smartphone 7, leyo yenye abalandeli kusolwa odolwe kwi-intanethi yaye sele phantsi yi igajethi.

Akukho bungqina malunga iPhone umlilo okhawulezileyo icebo, kwaye isiganeko engogwetyiweyo kwi marhe yesiqhelo ukuqumba. Ngethamsanqa abanikazi Smartphones ezintsha eCalifornia, "iPhone" ibhetri kuqhuma nje omnye embalwa okubangelwa ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga (kulo mzekelo, iimpembelelo kakhulu emzimbeni), hayi ingxaki abaninzi.

Okunye ingxelo amatyala iPhone udubulo ziye zaba ngenxa short circuit ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa itshaja ukusuka wesithathu.

Indlela ukunqanda dubulo?

Le nto elula ungenza ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzisi, ngoko oku khangela kanye ebomini bakho kunye imiyalelo ukufumana phandle ifuna ukuba kuyingozi ibhetri kwi smartphone yakho, yaye yintoni care.

Ngalo lonke ixesha qinisekisa ukuba ukuthobela ulawulo lobushushu, musa ukuyishiya smart elangeni ngqo ixesha elide kakhulu. Awukwazi ukususa ibhetri ngokwakho in Smartphones, apho olu khetho ezinokunikezelwa umenzi (it is a igajethi enomzimba monolithic).

Khetha izixhobo ukuba ubuncinane igama elithile, ixesha-kuvavanywa, ukunqanda ukuthenga ukungxama i "top" ezininzi izinto ezintsha.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kufuneka uqonde ukuba dubulo lithium ibhetri yenene kwaye kuyingozi kakhulu, kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka, ngaba izixhobo kwintlawulo ukushiya ngaphandle kweliso, ngubani owaziyo ukuba kunini iteknoloji fail uze Kwathi umlilo.

Yintoni elandelayo?

Ke kaloku, malunga ubugcisa lithium kwebhetri - oku ke ezingabizi kakhulu-eyonga ukhetho olwenziwa zizixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nezinye ngombane. Ngokuzenzekelayo, olu hlobo ibhetri lisekhona ephambili.

neebhetri Nuclear beze ukubuyisela ibhetri Lithium. Ngaphandle nje kwegama layo eyoyikisayo, olu hlobo ibhetri akuyongozi kwaphela ebantwini, yaye igajethi kuya kuvumela ukuba siphile ngecala olulodwa izihlandlo eziliqela elide kunokuba kunjalo ngoku. Ngelishwa, uphuhliso kule nkundla inkqubela ecothayo kakhulu kwixesha elizayo kufuneka alinde. Mhlawumbi dubulo ze battery "Samsung Qaphela 7" ayilwamkeli ilize, kwaye wenze iinjineli asebenza kwizifundo zobuxhakaxhaka bolwazi, Khawuleza up.