Aachen Cathedral e Germany: kwimbali, inkcazelo, photo

Aachen Cathedral - ke lesikhumbuzo inkulu izakhiwo eYurophu. Namhlanje ke yenye yezona ndawo edumileyo embalini eJamani, sisezindongeni ezigcinwa imisebenzi emikhulu zobugcisa kunye nokuchwela, lokunye zamaKristu.

incazelo

ongundoqo yokwakha i sakhiwo ibhotwe Imperial Chapel, ukwakhiwa kunyaka-796 kwi- style yaseByzantium Odon Metz. Ngokutsho izimiso zokwakhiwa iitempile kuthatyathwa isakhiwo amaKristu Eastern umphakamo we-31 m kunye nembono yecandelo -. 32 m Cathedral yi lwesakhiwo-8-kabini, nto leyo lingqongwe igalari ezinamacala 16 imigangatho ezimbini. Oku kuxhaswa neentsika esisibhozo. Xa ukudlula eliphezulu 8 Iingqameko ziintsika kabini non-othwala nokuqhuba umsebenzi kuphela zokuhombisa. Kule minyaka 1353-1414 le yecawa, ogama iifoto azibonisi ngokupheleleyo kwesi sakhiwo, iye zinokuhonjiswa ikwayala kwi indlela zwe.

prehistory

Xa Karl Veliky wafudukela ikomkhulu lakhe Aachen, wagqiba ukuba ibe eRoma yesiThathu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, esi sixeko kwakufuneka ukufumana iindawo zamaKristu lebyi. Lo msebenzi yenziwa lula ngenxa yokuba intombi yakhe Wayeganene baseByzantium uMlawuli uConstantine wesihlanu. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba ngeli xesha zonqulo zitsala namhlanje e-Aachen, amawaka nabasemzini kulo lonke ihlabathi, ziphakathi komzi. uthethathethwano kamva waba nomsindo, yaye kwiminyaka embalwa kamva uKarl Veliky woo ngoku ukuya Irene kakhulu. UKumkanikazi wamnika ukungaphumeleli, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukudambisa ipilisi, wamnika ezinye izinto ezingcwele.

isisekelo

Aachen Cathedral waqala ukuba yakhelwe ijikeleze kunyaka 800 ngokomyalelo Karla Velikogo ukuba izinto ezingcwele, wafika njengezipho ezivela uKumkanikazi Irene. Kuba ukwakhiwa kwale ndawo, ophezu isicwangciso umlawuli wawuza kuba inkulu kwaye Noluyolo ngexesha ehlabathini, iingcali ukusuka eRoma Byzantium bamenyiwe.

Emva kweminyaka 5, Aachen Cathedral yamiselwa yi Pope yiNgonyama Okwesithathu, yaye ngo-814 ngo kwigumbi lakhe kwibhotwe kungcwatywa umzimba Karla Velikogo.

Carolo Magno

La magama abhalwe kwi ilitye, nto leyo ifumaneka embindini ecaweni, kwaye indawo apho ekuqaleni ingcwaba Karla Velikogo.

Ngowe-1000 engcwabeni savela xa kwafunyaniswa ngokwemiyalelo loMlawuli Otto Wesithathu. Xa umlando kumaxesha, eyafunyanwa eMonastri e Novaleze kwaye emalunga 1048, kukho ingxelo ukuba umzimba Karla Velikogo wavela phambi kwamehlo abo baya kwezidumbu, ugcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Njengoko sinokungqinelwa kolu xwebhu, * uKhesare wayenxibe iimpahla ezimhlophe festive, wahlala esihlalweni ngentonga kunye isithsaba.

Ngowe-1165 engcwabeni esanda kuvulwa ngokwemiyalelo Friedrich Barbarossa Yokuqala oza canonize Karla Velikogo. Emva koko, iintsalela undecayed baba ngokufutshane ukubonisa zonke ukubona, waza waba into yokunqula. Ke umlawuli wayalela ukuba seliya ibhokisi Beje, yaye ngowe-1215 ezihlangwini zakhe, uFrederick II wayalela ukuba zibe kwezinye ibhokisi ezixabisekileyo.

Xa sarcophagus uhlala yokugqibela ngokobutyebi ezihonjiswe of uCharlemagne ukuya ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 waphumla esibingelelweni kwikwayara yecawa. Ngoko kwagqitywa ukususa ibhokisi ukuya sacristy. Umqondiso igunya ophakamileyo, baba kwindawo sarcophagus ngo-1798, wathunyelwa eVienna njengoko izinto ezibalulekileyo kuzwelonke.

Njengoko kuba isitulo emarmore emhlophe kwi okuthiwa kade Karl Veliky (uMlawuli) wafunyanwa ehleli khona, ngoko kamva wazaleka ngegolide, yaye namhlanje iboniswe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ukuya ku 1531 kwaye isetyenziswa itrone. On yahlala amakhosi emva kumsitho ibekwa.

Izinto ezingcwele zetempile komlawuli

Aachen Cathedral yaba yokusabela lokugqibela hayi kuphela Karla Velikogo. Ngowe-1002 le yecawa wangcwatywa, kunye Otto wesithathu.

Ngaphandle iintsalela ngookumkani kwi sacristy kwebandla igcinwe izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana yangaphantsi isinxibo le Virgin Mary, eyenziwe ngelinen bulubhelu emhlophe, kunye ngetawuli lusongelweyo ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa eBhetelehem kuKristu umntwana. Le iqhekeza yokugqibela kwithishyu ifana kakhulu yinxalenye iimpahla zomntu, ngoko kukholelwa ukuba, mhlawumbi, ukuba yaveliswa ukusuka emkhonweni ihempe yakhe St. UYosefu.

Aachen Cathedral yindawo yokugcina kunye nebhodi, eyayibhijelwa esityeni intloko thumbanails of St. Ioanna Predtechi, netempile oyidingayo sesine - isiziba somchako, eyinxenye ye laphu, wambhinqisa esinqeni kaKristu ngexesha kusetyenzwayo nkohlakalo yi emnqamlezweni.

Ubungqina ukuba yokwenene, hayi, kodwa, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, kuyaziwa ukuba bayalelwa ukuba zazise East Karl Veliky (uKhesare).

Ngenkulungwane ye-19 ngokwesiko yaqaliswa, ekuthi ngawo izinto zaye esiboniswa lonke iminyaka esi-7 phakathi ehlotyeni. Ukongeza, xa sacristy kwebandla Aachen yaye waqhubeka izitya impumelelo yomsebenzi kunye zonqulo ezimbalwa kancinane-owaziwa yamaKatolika. Kukho kwakhona umhlola engcwele Karla Velikogo nge eyakhelwe kuyo isiqwengana ukhakhayi * uKhesare kunqabile Carolingian Gospel 9, kwakunye emnqamlezweni kunye itywina Lothar II, elibhekisela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-11.

Ukulungiswa kunye nokubuyiselwa umsebenzi

Aachen Cathedral eJamani ukuba imbali yakhe desyativekovoy ebesoloko phantsi iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo. Kulo mzekelo, azisoloko negalelo yomhombiso wakhe. Ngokukodwa, ezi amibala ngenkulungwane ye-19 ezazigqunywe abaluqilima udaka etempileni, phantse batshatyalaliswe. Ukuze ukuyibuyisa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 "uMbutho Karla Velikogo", ukusebenza ukususela 1849, uye ngokwawo umsebenzi wokubuyisa yecawa nge ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Le njongo sele iphunyelelwe, enkosi yeminikelo eyenziwe Frederick uWilliam ndingowokuqala, Indah.

Ngexesha ezinkulu-scale isebenza octagons abasandula ehonjiswe enezintlu emarmore emhlophe, Antique, ibiwe isiFrentshi ngo-1794 waza wabuyela eJamani, ngokutsho iSivumelwano Paris. Kwakhona, ukuvela eqingqiweyo 14 ekwayaleni wabuyiselwa.

Ngo-1881 kuye kwagqitywa nokubuyiselwa ebhanyabhanya yamandulo phezu kwawo ka-Aachen Cathedral, kwakunye obuyiselwe isibingelelo elide-ezilahlekileyo, phambi apho phakathi 813 kunye nonyaka 1531 bathanjiswa 35 ookumkani German kunye neekumkanikazi abangaphezu kweshumi.

Kumabali Aachen Cathedral

Imperial Cathedral ukuba imbali yawo yamandulo yimimango amavo. Umzekelo, kusekho isiko ukuba imali sokwakhiwa Cathedral abemi Aachen athatyathwe uMtyholi ngokwakhe, ethembisa ukuba uza kufumana umphefumlo wokuqala wangena isakhiwo emva kokuba lugqityiwe. Ngokwale bedolophu legend amaqhinga uSathana, ukubaleka kuqala ingcuka yecawa. devil Greedy nangoko hlasi ixhoba waza wabona iqhinga emdaka kuphela emva kokuba zonke izinto sele lugqityiwe.

Uhambo mass

Cathedral ye eDayosisi yase Aachen qho kwiminyaka embalwa iba into yokuba lundwendwe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba bamaXesha Aphakathi, yokufika afune ukubona izinto yakhe bukhulu kangangokuba othembekileyo yazala kuphela isikwere kunye onke balcony izakhiwo ezikufutshane, kodwa bahlala phantsi kophahla zabo. Ngenxa yoko, isixeko sase-Aachen siye sabona yintlekele embi, ukususela yawohloka, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba amaxhoba amaninzi oluntu.

Amawaka nabasemzini tyelela Aachen Cathedral namhlanje. yokufika lilikhulu esithembekileyo, xa ebonakalisa izinto ezingcwele zetempile. I loo mcimbi wokugqibela kwenzeka ngo-2014. Kubalandeli kwaye bembonisa kwi umboniso zamahenyu egcinwe ebuncwaneni yecawa, kwinqanaba elikhethekileyo kuye kwakhiwa. Kuyo-20 ukuya kwi-29 Juni bathwalwa ngaphandle ubunzima. Ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwezi imibhiyozo yonqulo e-Aachen zibuthelwe ndawonye abameli amahlelo ivangeli, ngeemvaba kunye Greek-Orthodox lamaKristu.

Ngoku uyazi into edumileyo Imperial Cathedral of Aachen. Itempile sibe nebhongo yembali lwalo. Le isonto, iifoto ezo thaca kweli nqaku, kuba ngummangaliso izakhiwo yehlabathi, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo yayo Loxwebhu ukuba kuphela ndincome italente bezakhiwo zamaxesha aphakathi kunye abakhi.