Accounting mali: ingqiqo, umbutho kunye nolawulo

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali isetyenziswa kuwo onke amaziko kunye nemibutho ezivela ukucacisa ubunikazi. Yena zisenokwahluka ukusuka kumsebenzi eqhelekileyo ye-akhawunti, kodwa imigaqo esisiseko kuvandlakanywa kuyo. Zonke izenzo, amaxwebhu, templates, nezinye izinto ezinokuthi kufuneka kuphela umbutho, livunywe ziziphathamandla eziphezulu kwaye akukho ingcebiso nobophelelayo. Kukho imizekelo ezithile, iisampulu, kunye namaxwebhu efanayo inkxaso lula umsebenzi kubasebenzi.

Yintoni na ke ubalo mali

Uthe lobeko accounting ngokucacileyo inkqubo olulawulwayo apho zonke ulawulo ukusekwa aqokelelana ndawonye, kwenziwa ziingcali. Lubonakala linani elikhulu imiyalelo kunye namaxwebhu ezifanayo ezibonisa abo okanye ezinye izenzo kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe iintlobo ngeentlobo iimeko ngayo. Oku kube lula kakhulu inkqubo emsebenzini, kuba ingcaciso enika imiyalelo on mali zohlahlo, likuvumela ukuba uqalise ukusebenza ngoko nangoko yaye ngokucacileyo ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno, ngaphandle ukuphazanyiswa zonke iintlobo izinto ngamnye ezendeleyo in version yayo Classic.

imisebenzi accounting

Kukho uluhlu imisebenzi ephambili, ezo isiseko, icandelo accounting. Isixa-mali zizonke ezi zinto likhulu kakhulu, kodwa ke ukuba uthe wagawulwa kwaye ngokufutshane sihlolisise le ngxaki, uyakwazi ukukhetha ezinye zazo.

Ngoko ke, enikwe uhlobo ingxelo efunekayo ukufumana non-ezicacileyo, zolondolozo zifihliwe, nto leyo eza kuvumela ukuba urhulumente ukuba ukusebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Ukongeza, ingxelo yebhajethi ivumela ulawulo iyonke imeko kanye phambi nayiphi na imali, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo asethi. Xa ufakwe ngendlela eyiyo, naye wenza kube lula ukubona ngendlela ngexesha ukuthintela nayiphi na inkcitho ezingafanelekanga kunye jikelele ukunika ukuqonda apho kanye, ukuba asetyenziswe yimalini kwaye nendlela imali. Ingxelo hlobo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ibonisa iziphumo yentlangano ethile. Leyo yindlela luyingenelo okanye anisizakali kuko oko.

Hayi indima yokugqibela ngoku udlalwa nge kwedatha yeenkcukacha-manani kunye accounting, apho uza kule akhawunti. Kuba iyimfuneko ukuqokelela ulwazi oluthile kunye nohlalutyo kwalo abachaphazelekayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuya lokusekwa nemimiselo emitsha, amaxwebhu, kwakunye utshintsho-mali kangangoko kunokwenzeka engqinelanayo ingqalelo imeko yangoku kwaye sisebenzayo kukho ixesha elithile.

amaxwebhu zokulawula

Zonke iziseko ezingundoqo zidweliswe imiyalelo ezizodwa №148n, nto leyo ibandakanya kungekuphela nje inkcazelo ecacileyo ngendlela kufuneka senze kwiimeko ezithile, kodwa yintoni izohlwayo ukuze silandele xa ukungaphumeleli ukusetyenziswa la mabango. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kolu xwebhu kukho kuphela isiseko nesiseko sayo koko, Kakade ke, ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kunye iziqalelo umbutho, kodwa ube ngokupheleleyo ngeke.

Ngaphandle kwakhe kusekho inani elikhulu zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo, izongezelelo kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nalo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwishishini kwaye kwezinye iimeko utshintshe kakhulu kakhulu imigangatho evunyiweyo ngaphambili. Ngethiyori, intloko zombutho kunye nabanye abantu, benawo amandla athile eyodwa, zinyanzelekile ukuba ukunxibelelana abasebenzi onke amaxwebhu kakuhle kwaye kwisithuba sexesha efunekayo.

Ngelo iindlela ezifanelekileyo ukugcina umkhondo imeko yabo kunye nomqeshwa, emva kokufumana ulwazi olutsha, acacise kubaphathi ukuze siphephe iingxaki kunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa loo nto zonke, ukongeza lonke eli xwebhu, kufuneka uqonde kwi-akhawunti standard, nemimiselo yayo yonke. mali akhawunti accounting, nangona ezahlukeneyo ukusuka Classic, kodwa ukusebenza nabo nangoku wavelisa kalukhuni, ndoxelelwa ngubani ngendlela efanayo eyenza amalinge ukuqonda konke oku ngendlela entsonkothileyo.

izidingo

Imiyalelo zimali Accounting, kwakunye nezinye imithetho efanayo wabeka iimfuno ezithile igunya layo. emibonweni Bona ezisisigxina mthetho, nangenxa waphula kwezohlwayo umbodamo bakwazi ukulandela le mfuno.

1. Ngenxa yoko, nasiphi na isenzo ekufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha.
2. ulwazi Ingxelo kufuneka zibonise imeko kanye, kunye neengxelo kufuneka zenziwe ukuba, ukuqalela ngomhla wokuqala yobukho yombutho.
3. Imfuneko ilula kwaye icace yimeko yokuziphatha yawo kuphela xa lwemali kazwelonke.

Kakade ke, kwiimeko ezithile, zingongezelelwa, kunye nezinye iimpawu umsebenzi, kodwa kukho sele okuninzi ixhomekeke ezithile njani indlela umbutho isebenza, wenza ntoni, ziziphi iimpawu zayo njalo njalo. Kuba into nganye enjalo kufuneka ngakumbi zihlolelwe ubukho iimeko kunye neemfuno, ekwaziyo ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye touch zeli ziko.

imisebenzi

Iimfuno ezingundoqo abakhuselekanga ngqo intloko zincwadi oyintloko kwiziko. Ngabo kufuneka basoko belwakhele umkhanya uxanduva umsebenzi eziveliswa nitrogen wabo amaxwebhu ingqalelo le mali. bona kuphela zinoxanduva zonke izinto ngokomthetho, uze kuphela, xa kukho imfuneko, ukuba ukohlwaya ngokwakho iindlela ezifikelelekayo neyaneleyo abasebenzi babo.

Esi ninengqiqo, ekubeni kuphela uyazi (okanye kufuneka wazi) zonke iimpawu ukuba umntu oqhelekileyo benza lo msebenzi, akukho mfuneko nje ukugqibezela umsebenzi. Kulo mzekelo, le mali efanayo oyintloko ubuchule ezifuna ulawulo ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko, injongo eza kuba mali olufanelekileyo kunye efanelekileyo kumaziko mali. Kule ngongoma zezona iimfuno umbutho emsebenzini, izixhobo zabo zobugcisa, ukuqesha abasebenzi abaneziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo kwaye njalo njalo.

Ngenxa yoko, ulawulo ingafuna ulwabiwo mali ezifanelekileyo inzaliseko iimeko abaqeshwa ukuba ziya kuqwalaselwa ephawuleka ngokwenene nasekunqandeni umsebenzi ophezulu-grade lo mbutho. Umzekelo, epholile amanzi akunakwenzeka ihlobene izixhobo esisinyanzelo, kodwa ukuvelisa iirekhodi okanye wenze eminye imisebenzi efana phantse akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ubuncinane abanobubi computer. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka sibe nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo, unxibelelwano nge unodibaniso, nkqu umntu ongatshatanga oza kubeka esweni ukhuseleko bonke.

esakhiweni

Ukuba umsebenzi lo mbutho yaba kakhulu, zonke izenzo yenziwa ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha, ngelixa ingxelo ngokwenene kwakuhambisana thaca iimfuno zawo, kufuneka kakhulu intonga enkulu, nganye neya kuthi yenze imisebenzi echazwe kakuhle yokuhlola. Oku kunceda ukuba ayichithe ukuhamba lezabelo kwaye yenza kube lula ukusebenza kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo entsimini sabo ulwazi oluncinane, ngokwenene yindoda ngamava iya kufuna intlawulo eliphezulu, apho umbutho awukwazi uyavuma.

Akhawuntingi kumaziko mali kuthetha abasebenzi, zimali phambili (okanye abasebenzi abaya zizidibanise zombini imisebenzi). Ngaphezu koko, substituents ekhona (ngokuqhelekileyo omnye, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu) kunye, ngokwemvelo, le mali engundoqo. Phantsi eli cebo intloko yongamela imisebenzi engundoqo kunye neempawu. Ngokweenkcukacha kakhulu, bona balawulwa wathumela neerhuluneli, uwenze wonke umsebenzi ngqo kubasebenzi eziqhelekileyo.

amaxwebhu

Kukho ngaphezu kwama-40 iintlobo ezisisiseko amaxwebhu zaseprayimari, ekufuneka isetyenziswe kwiziko loluntu ukuze ulawulo-mali iye kangangoko kufutshane kangangoko iimfuno mthetho. Enyanisweni, ukuba yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini, kulingane inani elifanayo la maxwebhu, enye ebhekisela kwiinkampani balo naluphi na uhlobo impahla, kunye neenkxalabo yesibini imibutho mali kuphela.

Ngenxa yoko, i-Accounting mali has division yaso kula maxwebhu zaseprayimari zibe ngamaqela ezintathu. Zonke abazifunela umsebenzi ophezulu umgangatho kwishishini uze uvumele ukugquma ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iinkalo zomsebenzi.

Ngoko ke, ukubeka malunga lilingane inani lwemilinganiselo banoxanduva ukubala kunye payroll, kwanawokuqhuba nayiphi na imisebenzi kunye osethilini, kwakunye nomsebenzi regulatory aseti eziphathekayo. Iqela zincinane amaxwebhu ngabo musa angena nayiphi na iindidi ze sigubungele iinkalo ezithile ezithile kakhulu umsebenzi, hayi zonke ezikhoyo kwishishini.

isilawuli esizisebenzelayo

Njengoko accounting eqhelekileyo, belizwe zisetyenziswa zonke iintlobo iinkqubo nokuhambisa, lula kakhulu umsebenzi yabaqeshwa, ngokunjalo unika iinkcukacha ezininzi echanekileyo kwaye zithembeke kwaye zisekelezelwe phezu amanani igalelo.

Kube lula iinkqubo ezinjalo kudala ukususela avavanyiwe kwaye samkelwa ngabo bonke ootitshala, ekufuneka ukuba basebenze kunye accounting, irhafu kunye nolawulo accounting. Bathi nangoko zichaze zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko, musa ukunyanzela umsebenzisi ixesha elide ukufunda ukusebenza nabo, umqondiso nesiphelo nemihla ingxelo njalo njalo. Inkoliso ezimali namhlanje, umgaqo, akuphuhlanga kakuhle inomfanekiso umsebenzi wombutho ngaphandle ezinceda ezinjalo.

Accounting

Zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa lweshishini ngokusondeleyo ukuya ingxelo. Le yenye yeentsika apho inyanzelekile kubo bonke kwaye ikuvumela ukuba baziqwebele ezaneleyo ukwenzela uhlalutyo, ulawulo kunye nokuqinisekiswa lwe data. Ukuchonga eziliqela iinketho ingxelo esisiseko kwemibutho mali, nto leyo ngokuyimfuneko kufuneka ngokukhawuleza ilungiselelwe ize ingeniswe namagunya aphezulu:

• Ingxelo kwi uphumezo lwabiwo-mali ;
• phezu neziphumo zemisebenzi;
• flow cash.

Njengoko ubona, bonke ukuba abasemagunyeni olawulo ukuba ziqhube uphando lokujongisisa oluneenkcukacha lombutho, iimpawu zayo, iingxaki ngoku, uphuhliso, njalo-njalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, onke la maxwebhu aqhotyoshelwe apha kwaye kwakhona i inqaku explanatory, esicacisa enye okanye enye ingcaciso ecacileyo ngokupheleleyo ngoko nangoko.

Ngaphezu wondla balance sheet kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimpepha ezifunekayo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo, xa kukho imfuneko ukucacisa iingongoma ezithile, amanani okanye ezinye iimpawu benkampani.

Ngokungafaniyo akhawunti yesiseko

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kakhulu efanayo ke njengesiqhelo, esiza kusetyenziswa amashishini abucala, iinkampani nemibutho. Umahluko omkhulu likuloo iinkcukacha nezingathi zincinci ezifana itshati ye-akhawunti, kwaye ingakumbi uhlobo yezenzo ezithile. Kodwa enyanisweni, ukuba aye konke oku kwaye ngokweenkcukacha, kubonakala ukuba ezi izinto eziphambili kunye kuchaphazela isakhiwo yonke lombutho kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ngokukodwa ngale mba kunokuthiwa kuphela ngokuthelekisa iinkampani ezimbini ezahlukeneyo uhlobo efanayo, enye yazo yabucala, kwaye enye - karhulumente. accounting wolawulo, kwakunye naziphi na ezinye, inkampani yabucala, kwelinye icala, kukho ilula kwaye tye, yaye kwelinye icala, phambi kukho inani elikhulu yemimiselo lwangaphakathi, inzima kakhulu yaye bedidekile. Yaye kwezinye iimeko, crossover nomthetho yangoku.

iziphumo

Ngokubanzi, ukuba azihlanganisele zonke izinto ngasentla, kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo mali nangona kunzima xa nisaqala yokuqonda okuqinisekileyo, ngokuchaseneyo uhlobo sakhe njengesiqhelo, kodwa kulula kakhulu kwixesha elizayo.

Eyona njongo iphambili ukuba iingxaki uhlalutyo epheleleyo kufuneka ibe uhlalutyo sikhokelo yonke imithetho, oluphumayo ngandlela na abhekisele kule ngxaki. Emva koko msebenzi kuya kuba lula yaye ecacileyo, ndawonye utshintsho rhoqo kunye uhlaziyo. Ngenxa yoko, uhlobo umgangatho msebenzi phantse naziphi mveliso ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi amakhulu kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi iya kuthathela ingqalelo iimfuno zomthetho kuphela, kodwa iminqweno zomqeshi, correlating nabo nemithetho kunye nemigaqo.