St Nicholas Church (Moscow, Ordynka): ezeMbali kunye neempawu

Omnye iMoscow amabandla kaThixo, owakhelwe kuyo XVII ngenkulungwane - kukuthi St Nicholas Church Pyzhah. Kanye endaweni yayo elinye ibandla, ezenziwe izibonda ngomthi wabulala yayimisele wokuwonga elaa Annunciation. Ngelo xesha le ndawo yaba Musketeers District, yaye imali yokwakha icawa entsha zaye zabelwa Streletsky butho melly Pyzhova.

Ukwakhiwa kunye nokulungiswa imisebenzi

Isibingelelo ephambili ibandla elitsha kwagqitywa ekubeni ashiye Annunciation. A Chapel imbeko of St Nicholas babephuma kulo refectory, elakhiwa kunye nenqaba intsimbi kuphela 1692, oko kukuthi, iminyaka engamashumi emva ukwahlula kwesibingelelo engundoqo. Xa kwakhiwe yesibini ukuya etroneni sele kugqityiwe, itempile elidume yabizwa ngokuba St Nicholas Church. Moscow, njengoko jikelele lonke Russia, ezahlukeneyo ngoko, yaye namhlanje, kananjalo, ukunqulwa ezizodwa saint. Akukho namnye ongcwele kaThixo akukho phantsi njengoko iicawa ezininzi njengoko ubhishophu edume ka eMira.

Ngowe-1796, St Nicholas Church sele zihlaziyiwe. Ngeli xesha imizobo yakhe yokuqala. Ngowe-1812, ngexesha leMfazwe Russian-French, icawa zonakala. Kamva, yena izihlandlo eziliqela kulungiswe yaye yahlaziywa. Umzekelo, iminikelo usapho Lyamina St. Nicholas Church kwabuyiselwa 1858. Into efanayo 1895, ngokuni- usapho Rachmaninoff. Ngo-1878 kule cawe yamiselwa ngomnye kwigumbi imbeko yaseSt Anthony kunye uTheodosius le Kiev Caves.

Isimbo kwetempile

Indlela yokuyilwa, awayenzayo etempileni, ebizwa ngokuba 'Russian Uzoroche ". Xa ezingundoqo walo ibhokisi ebuxande eye akukho iintsika ngaphakathi. Chancel yinxalenye ezintathu-projektha. izinto zokuhombisa ziqhutywa ngendlela imikrolo ngezitena. Le portal lasentshonalanga ezihonjiswe enezintlu eqingqiweyo archways abekiweyo nezidanga. iinkokheli Ezintlanu ibandla isekelwe phezu iphiramidi of corbel Iingqameko kwimiqolo. Ke inqaba intsimbi, yinto uhlobo intente tserkovnostroitelstva. Kuye zontathu, indlela esezantsi apho - evulekileyo nevaranda. Uhombiso yokuqala iye yasinda. Interior namhlanje iconostasis senziwe isimbo omdala Russian, leyo kuthiwa waba phambi kokuba revolution, St Nicholas Church. EMoscow ngoku kule nkalo, ebukeka kunene eqaqambileyo: iqulethe iintlafuno ezahlukeneyo wezakhiwo entlobo: Classicism, ezimbejembeje, yokuhlobisa, Neo-yesiGothic nabanye. Kodwa neetempile ziyilelwe kwizithethe zamandulo, ngaba lwepaki isalamane.

Temple emva revolution

Emva kokuba revolution, imibutho zonqulo ziye zinganakwa aze atshutshiswe. Ngexesha iziganeko ka-1922, kwenziwa isaziso kwi ekuthatheni kwempahla ibandla, kubangele malunga neshumi elinesihlanu neekhilogram kwezihombo zegolide nezesilivere kunye nempahla ibandla lilahlekelwe kuphela omnye uNicholas Church. EMoscow walahlekelwa ngeli xesha, hayi kuphela izinto ezininzi ecaweni, kodwa imisebenzi yezandla ukuba ibe ubugcisa, ixabiso zembali. Kodwa itempile laqhubeka ukusebenza. Kuye yavalwa ngo-1934. zezinto ezininzi isonto kwiimyuziyam. Umzekelo, nomfanekiso ka-Msindisi ngo-1674 wathunyelwa Tretyakov Gallery. Intsimbi, uphose-1900, weza Bolshoi Theatre. Waza wathenga Bloch Cathedral iintswelo zabo, njengoko intsimbi sonto wavuleka. Ngokubanzi, kwi 30 ziyashukuma ingcinezelo enamandla kakhulu, iicawa ezininzi ziye zavalwa. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho ne St Nicholas Church. EMoscow elahlekelwe iitempile ezininzi, nto leyo zicwangciswe kwi-warehouses ndawo, cafes, iifektri, amathala eencwadi, zemidlalo yonke into. Kwimeko ka-St Nicholas Church lumkile isakhiwo sakhe iimfuno zikamasifundisane yokuqala, ngoko i ilebhu yiacoustic, iziko lophando, de ekugqibeleni ukuba "Rosmonumentiskusstvo" hayi ngokugqithiseleyo. itempile kwakhona kanye phantsi kolawulo lweSoviet. Kwaba ngo-1960.

Ukubuya kwetempile

Phantse nangoko emva ngokutsha iqale, makayimisele, yaye isakhiwo yenkolo yangaphambili yaba ibandla kwakhona. NgoJulayi 1991, kwakhona waqala ukuthatha indawo yonqulo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibandla isebenza ezintathu kwetrone: iintloko, lo Annunciation, wesibini - St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Kodwa itrone kwimemori abangcwele Kiev Caves Anthony kunye uTheodosius kwayekwa. Endaweni yoko, ngabaxumi itempile onyulwe New nkolo of Russia, ikhokelwe engcwele Hieromartyr Vladimir of Kiev.

YeeDilesi ye-St Nicholas Church

Xa ibandla kukho ezinye ooAshera, kuquka amasuntswana ezininzi izinto ezingcwele. Kodwa ke ukuba ulikholwa, ibe yindawo ekhumbulekayo ukuba kubalulekile ukutyelela, ehamba lwalunjani kwikomkhulu Russian. Idilesi apho i iSt Nicholas Church: Moscow, Ordynka (Esibanzi), 27A / 8.