Akuso Special. ixabiso ngokwasemthethweni yezikhundla ezizodwa

amava emsebenzini Special - oku kwakuhlaziya sisalathisi esibalulekileyo ngokunzulu kuchaphazela ipension. In Russia Ude inkcazo elahlukileyo le kota. It has ixabiso elisemthethweni. Enyanisweni, ukuqonda ukuba ngubani omkhulu (special) pretty lula. Yanele ukuba ukwazi ezinye iimpawu kunye bokuqonda oku. uya kwandula indlela ekubaluleke ngayo. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukwazi malunga abemi ezikhethekileyo Russian ukusebenza aphezulu? Njani na ukuba yahlukile zonke kwabanye? Njengoko kubalwa kwaye kuchaphazela iinzuzo zomhlala?

definition

Into yokuqala siqonde - oku intsingiselo. Yintoni na akuso ekhethekileyo? Kubonakala ukuba oko kunxulumene ngqo umsebenzi, kwakunye inkcazelo ecacileyo.

Eli gama lichaza ixesha lilonke umsebenzi kwezinye iindawo, kwezinye iindawo, ngokunjalo kwiindawo ezithile. inkonzo Community kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba amava okhethekileyo. Oku eli xabiso kwabekwa ngaphambili.

Ngoku ukufunda ingqiqo gqolo ukuvela kwi imithetho, kodwa akukho nkcazelo ngqo. Phantsi amava ekhethekileyo ukuqonda umsebenzi nje kwezinye iindawo. Ukuze uqonde kuthetha ntoni kule kota, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ngeentlobo ixesha ekwenzeni umsebenzi umsebenzi.

iintlobo ixesha

Inkalo elandelayo ekufuneka aqonde - olu hlobo amava okhethekileyo. Ngaphandle kolu phawu aziyi kusebenza ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo efundwayo iikhonsepthi. Ngaphambili, umsebenzi okhethekileyo eSoviet Union, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo, akusekho ityala eRashiya yanamhlanje. Ngoko ke, ukuze bajongane nayo ngoku kunzima kakhulu.

Iintlobo yezikhundla owodwa ebanzi kakhulu. Ezininzi zazo. Yaye khumbula ukuba kakhulu lula. Kuphela yabantu nangoku akakholelwa ezi ntlobo part-time okhethekileyo. Kuba uYesu ukuba umsebenzi oqhelekileyo.

Iintlobo yezikhundla ekhethekileyo eRashiya ezi zilandelayo:

• lwezonyango;
• ukufundisa;
• akuso kwiinkonzo test moya;
• ubude inkonzo emkhosini.

Zizo ezo izinto ungakhetha phakathi yonke iminyaka ezikhoyo yenkonzo. Iintlobo-zikhankanywe apha ngasentla umsebenzi - kukuba ngaxa abanye baya kunika amathuba ezizodwa kubasebenzi. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlawula ezi zinto ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.

Xa udlala indima

Kwaye yintoni ingqiqo ethile efundwayo unendima ekhethekileyo? Ngenxa kwikota nganye nje kuphela inkcazelo kodwa ukusetyenziswa iqondo elikhulu okanye elingaphantsi. Kubonakala ukuba ubude elikhethekileyo lenkonzo kubalulekile xa kubalwa inkamnkam. Kodwa oko kuthetha ntoni?

Eyona nto kukuba ezinye iindidi abemi abafanelekileyo ukuba baqeshwe yokuqala inkxaso evela kurhulumente. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezinxulumene namava ezizodwa, unako lula ube umhlala ekuqaleni.

Okulandelayo - kukuba olu hlobo lomsebenzi accounting luhlobo inqwanqwa-up factor. Kuxhomekeka ubude rhoqo yabasebenzi iza kutshintsha intlawulo lokugqibela imali yomhlala phantsi. Oko kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa la magama ukwandisa inzuzo, apho kuyimfuneko kubo bonke abadla umhlala-phantsi.

Yeyona ukubaluleka zomthetho amava yokusebenza ekhethekileyo apho eRashiya yanamhlanje. Akukho amanani abalulekile ngakumbi, nguye obangela. Amaxesha amaninzi kunye ingqiqo, nina thelekelwayo oko, ejongene emkhosini. Umzekelo yabo elula ukuqonda eluncedo lohlobo behlolisisa lwe zengqesho ezingesosigxina.

Ngaphezu akuso

Umthetho ubonelela ngemigaqo ethile, kuquka amathuba ukongeza omkhulu ekhethekileyo. Kuthetha ukuthini? Not ukusebenza kwimimandla zikhankanywe ngaphambili. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, njengokuba ixesha "ekhethekileyo" ukubala nezinye izihlandlo.

Yiphi na? Ukuze ufumane inkam-nkam, abemi esinethemba ukuba ixesha elandelayo iza wangena amava ekhethekileyo:

• Ukukhubazeka, nto leyo eza ngexesha lemisebenzi emsebenzini, 1 okanye amaqela 2;
• amaxesha okwenzeka izifo emsebenzini;
• ukuvalelwa entolongweni ixesha elide ngaphezu ixesha kucacisiwe kule meko.

Noko ke, asiyiyo amatyala zixhaphakileyo. ukukhubazeka yesiqhelo akazalani ingqiqo amava yokusebenza okhethekileyo. Ziziphi ezinye bokuqonda kufuneka ahlawule ingqalelo labantu? Umzekelo, ngokuchaseneyo iingqiqo efundwayo ngamanye amava yabasebenzi.

umahluko

Enyanisweni, ukuqonda le nto nje kunzima njengoko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala. Jikelele kunye nesikhundla ngokomsebenzi ezikhethekileyo ezifanayo. Kodwa inshorensi kukho umahluko omkhulu.

Eyona nto kukuba i "umsebenzi" ezikhethekileyo - yinxalenye amava iyonke. Iikhonsepthi zixhaphakileyo yaba ukubala kunye accounting ixesha ukuba umsebenzi usebenze ngaphandle ubomi jikelele. In Russia mihla, i "iibhonasi 'eziphambili kunye neenzuzo ezivela kurhulumente ngenxa yokuba amava ekhethekileyo iyapheliswa phantse ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa loo nto bonke. ixesha inshorensi - kunokwenzeka ukuba kuthi, ngamaxesha zomsebenzi, apho igalelo mali mali uthango. Akunjalo nje ukusebenza. Kukho inani lamathuba ukuba lubalwa umsebenzi. Ukuba kule transfers kwenziwa mali-inshorensi, emva koko baya kuhamba 'kwi ekumeni. " Insurance kunye ukuxatyiswa ezikhethekileyo - kukho iinxalenye ezimbini edibeneyo omnye komnye. Ngapha koko, ekuqhutyweni kwemisebenzi, njengoko umthetho, zezavenge zihlawulwe kakade. Ngendlela efanayo ngexesha lokusebenza ngokwesiqhelo. amava Insurance - yaye inxalenye jikelele kunye ezizodwa. ngeke libekwe Akukho iibhonasi ezibalulekileyo. Kuphela kuchaphazela ubungakanani pension elizayo: kokukhona notsalo wenza, kungona intlawulo iya kuba.

Ixabiso kwicandelo lezonyango

Okulandelayo, nentwana Okukodwa ngokuphathelele nganye kwezi nkalo, apho wayefunda uhlobo kwexesha kwenzeka. zisoloko banomdla abasebenzi abasebenza kwezonyango. Kwaye yinto nje.

Emva kokuba amava ezikhethekileyo - yiyo amathuba ekuqaleni yomhlala-phantsi. Ekuqaleni, amadoda Russian ukufumana eli lungelo 60 nabafazi engama-55. Kodwa abasebenzi abasebenze entsimini yamayeza, ukuze umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha.

Okwangoku, oku kuhle, kwamkelekile meko zilandelayo:

1. Xa kuziwa kubasebenzi abasebenza kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo kwiindawo zokuhlala ezidolophini, ngokunjalo kwiilali. Kule amava kufuneka ube neminyaka engama-25.
2. Ukuba umqeshwa uye wasebenza amayeza (yonyango okanye olwenziwe imisebenzi on wokhuseleko zabasebenzi) besemizini yabo, iilali, iidolophu, okanye kuphela kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, kodwa phambi nzima ixesha engama-30.

Ngoko ke, kamsinya nje umntu uya athobele ezo imiqathango (engomnye kwabo), kuya kuba nelungelo umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha. Plus, xa kuya kubakho ixesha ukubala, ungalindela iintlawulo ngaphezulu.

kootitshala

Yintoni amava katitshala? Lo msebenzi yolondolozo kumaziko emfundo lohlobo jikelele abakwizikhundla ezithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ootitshala. Kodwa uluhlu olupheleleyo ingafunyanwa kwi Ndiwise №781 ye RF Government of 29.10.2002 nyaka. Ngokwesiqhelo, le hlobo lomsebenzi kuthiwa nokufundisa.

amava emsebenzini Special kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kolu didi lwabantu. It ikuvumela ukuba ningapheleli nje umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha, kodwa kubonakala ngengeniso ngummi kunye ithuba lekhefu ixesha elide (iinyanga ezili-12 qukwanga).

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kuso kulo msebenzi. Emva ekubaleni yezikhundla akhethekileyo ngokubhekiselele ootitshala iquka bokuqonda. Ngaba alusoloko ukusebenza kumaziko emfundo baya neyalo.

Ukongeza nezimaphambili ezingundoqo enxulumene nemisebenzi nokufundisa:

• ukusebenza intloko ilayibrari film;
• Hlala kwi contract inkonzo;
• mizuzu ukukhubazeka okwethutyana;
• ikhefu lonyaka (imali);
• ikhefu lokubeleka;
• ushiye ukunyamekela yayisakhasa ukuya kwiminyaka-3 (de 06/10/1992).

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umsebenzi kwinkalo yemfundo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iimeko ezizodwa kufuneka babe neminyaka engama-25. ke kuphela abaya kufaneleka ukuba iibhonasi kunye yenkuthazo evela kurhulumente.

pilot test

Kwimeko labaqhubi uvavanyo olulula. Kulo mthetho Russian kukho izikhokelo ezicacileyo ukuba kubani kwaye phantsi kweziphi iimeko kusenokwenzeka ukuba uthathe umhlala phantsi phambi kwexesha. Kwakhona udwelisa iindidi abantu ekuthini aphezulu okhethekileyo.

Namhlanje sinokuqiniseka okunokwenzeka zilandelayo ngokumalunga umhlala phantsi.

Xa usebenza amadoda zoPhapho kufuneka basebenze ubuncinane iminyaka engama-25, abafazi - 20.

Ukuba abantu abasebenza wentengo, washiya umsebenzi wakhe ngenxa yezizathu zempilo, amadoda pre-ukusebenza iminyaka engama-20, abafazi - 15.

Pension Early iyafumaneka kumalungu engama-55 ubudala kwaye abaqeshwa ababhinqileyo kwiminyaka 50 ukuba umsebenzi - nje tindlela nokuqalisa ukufaka moya. umsebenzi iLabour kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-12.5 iminyaka eyi-10 ngokulandelelanayo. Kulo mzekelo, ixesha-inshorensi nako kuthathelwa ingqalelo. Kufuneka ubuncinane 25 no-20 kwiminyaka (amadoda nabafazi, ngokulandelelana).

Ubude inkonzo (emkhosini)

Ezi iimpawu aphezulu ethile. Akuso - lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo kwezi ngongoma wafundela. Kaninzi libhekisela emkhosini. I-credit iya onke amaxesha umsebenzi omkhosi ye Russian Federation, kwakunye service contract.

Abemi abaye kuzaliseke ixesha elithile iya kwabelwa umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha. nabo ukufumana iibhonasi ukuba baxhamle "kukwaluphala" kwaye kumvuzo kwisithuba somsebenzi. Akuso, abanye banelungelo lokuba nezindlu.

Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka asebenze iminyaka engama-20 ubuncinane kwinkalo emkhosini. Kuba iindidi ezithile zabasebenzi kufuneka ukuba babe namava iyonke umsebenzi engama-25. Kule omdala ezizodwa uyehla uye kuma-12.5.

I-Pension supplementary iphezulu umsebenzi yi-85%. Ngu akuso iquka ixesha umsebenzi yimibutho yeenkonzo yamakhaya nangethuba Kubulungiseleli Interior.

imithetho yokubala

Ingongoma yokugqibela ebalulekileyo - ke imithetho ngayo ubalo yenziwa amava umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Le nto ukuba uphazamiseke. Mazingabhidaniswa kunye eqhubekayo, apho ukungabikho emsebenzini ayenzi umnyinyiva. izibalo ixesha zenziwa ngawo onke amathuba kuthathwa umsebenzi ziqukiwe kuluhlu malunga udidi oluthile lwabantu.

Umzekelo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuquka iminyaka wenkonzo usebenze kanzima kummandla pedagogy. Kwaye kanjalo, unako. izibalo Final kwenziwa kule minyaka, iinyanga, iintsuku. Kucacile ukuba lo mava nga uphazamiseke. Kwaye enye nezinye izinto kakhulu.

Ngoko kufuneka

amava emsebenzini Special kubalulekile umhlalaphansi elizayo. Nokuba ngaba ukwenza oko? Ewe, kodwa kufuneka bacinge ngale osemqoka ekuqaleni wokwakha umsebenzi. In Russia mihla, imbono kwezemisebenzi ekhethekileyo indawo iminyaka yenkonzo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuba ungummi akahleli ukunikela ubomi bakhe kwindawo ethile ethile, koko kufuna ukuba bahlole isigama akwenzi ngqiqo. Azuze umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha kunye nokwanda ntlawulo ziya kusebenza. Ngapha koko, njengokuba kuthiwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka iminyaka 20-25 ukusebenza kwindawo ethile, ukuba nesikhundla ngokomsebenzi. I elikhulu oko, kungona pension.