ATX ifomu factor: Ushwankathelo, iimpawu kunye neempawu

technology computer ivela njenge. Oku ukutshintsha imilo yamacebo, imilinganiselo zabo ezizodwa. Namhlanje sijonga into efana ifomu factor, ATX kunye nezinto - othandwa kakhulu yaye bafuna emva.

form Factor

Ukuya inqaku isihloko, kufuneka baqonde ngcamango. Ifomu factor - komgangatho malunga kwezixhobo ze-IT. Ngalo uyakwazi ukubona ubungakanani device, izalathisi eziphambili zobugcisa, ubukho components ezongezelelweyo kunye nendawo zazo.

Ngoku, ethetha ifomu factor, abantu khumbula malunga motherboard. Eku sunguleni, lo gama i-istili yefowuni, izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye namanye amacandelo PC.

Sisazi ukuba ifom factor - ingqiqo esisemgangathweni, kokwabo parameters ingcebiso. Oko kubangelwa isalathiso, leyo kubonisa ethile ifomu factor, kunokwenzeka ukuchonga parameters ezifunekayo kunye yokuzikhethela. Ababhekisi uzama ukuthatha lula umgangatho ibakhokelele ekudaleni nekhithi efanelekileyo.

uhlobo

ATX ifomu into ayikho amacandelo mgangatho kuphela. Kodwa olu khetho yaba nemfuno ngobuninzi PC. ixesha lokuqala ihlabathi nawubonayo 1995, kwaye nomvelisi walo sesakhiwo wehlelwe Intel. Ngaphambili khona imigangatho XT, AT kunye Baby-AT, nto leyo 1983 olwenziwa IBM.

ATX uhlobo ifomu factor abachaphazelekayo imigangatho inkangeleko ilungiswe. Baqala ukuvela ifomati olufinyeziweyo, kukho inani elincinane kwiindawo zokubeka kunye nobukhulu compact. Ngo-2005, kwavela umgangatho lweselula, Processors ubuhle.

computers Office, kakhulu, baqala ukuxhobisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo nemigangatho ethile. Baqala ke ukuba kuvela iibhodi ezazisetyenziswa mveliso ezintsonkothileyo. Izilungiso ezinjalo asemgangathweni yaziwa ngo-2004. Form Factor ATX bazalwe e SSI CEB, DTX, BTX, njalo njalo.

ATX

Le fom factor iye yenziwa ngo-1995, kodwa ke zezona lwimi zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukususela ngo-2001. Umgangatho iye ebhudla ekuveliseni PC. Oku kuchaphazela kuphela ubungakanani iibhodi, okanye ezinye amacandelo. ATX PSU bumisela ityala PC eqhelekileyo, kwiindawo zokubeka nokubekwa nezidibanisi, imilo kunye nendawo kwiindawo zokubeka, nokunyuka no iinketho supply namandla.

Intel sele kudala bayicingisisa kufuneka ibe yintoni na ukuqhubeka we AT ifomu factor. Ngowe-1995, abaphuhlisi asinikezele brand umgangatho ATX entsha. Ukongeza kule nkampani, ekutshintsheni ingcinga kwemigangatho lixesha nabanye abenzi abaye uniklezele OEM-izixhobo. Emva kokuba umgangatho entsha athathiweyo phezu ngabo wabonelela motherboard namandla ubonelelo.

Kulo kakhulu khona, iinkcukacha-12 bakhululwa. ATX ifomu factor ubungakanani esiqhelekileyo: mm - 305 x 244 intshi - 12 x 9.6. Iimpucuko zenziwa phantsi amagama ahlukeneyo ziye zikhuliswe esekelwe ATX, kodwa abe umahluko yokubekwa zamazibuko, kwaye ngokunjalo kumlinganiselo jikelele. D.

Ngoko ke, ngo-2003, Intel wafuna ukwazisa BTX. Lo mgangatho entsha lupholisiwe ngempumelelo ngakumbi iyunithi inkqubo PC. Developers ufuna ukususa kancinane kunye neemarike ATX, nto leyo igcine ubushushu eliphezulu ngaphakathi kwinkqubo. Kodwa loo ngozi nobushushu le nkqubo iyonke, hayi negalelo ekubeni kakuhle Izakutshintsha kwakhona ifomati BTX.

abavelisi abaninzi baye bala ayisasaze njengamandla ukusasaza ephantsi, wabonisa iziphumo ezihle kwixesha elizayo usakwazi ukuba kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezilungileyo kwi olupholisa izindlu ngaphandle kokutshintsha umgangatho. Ngenxa yoko, ngo-2011 kuye kwacaca ukuba indawo ATX ifomu into ayikho imfuneko.

The main utshintsho

izinto ukuze baphumelele kule endle angafanele ngokulinda. Umsebenzisi sele ifumene iinguqu ezinkulu malunga nenguqulelo yangaphambili ye AT. CPU unikezelo amandla yaba nenxaxheba motherboard. Wakhonza ngamandla yokulinda naxa icinyiwe. Materinka isebenza iyunithi yolawulo kunye nezixhobo ezininzi neuropathy.

Kwenzeka replacement fan kwi zibeke PSU zayo ezinkulu ngakumbi ezantsi. Umoya flow uba namandla ngakumbi yaye ligubungela inani elikhulu lweziqalelo kwinkqubo unit le. Itshintsha inani neziphithiphithi, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, nengxolo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwabakho notyekelo ukubeka unikezelo lwamandla kwi ezantsi lwezindlu.

ukudla

Ukutshintsha utshintsho ifomu factor izise kwifomathi isinxibelelanisi amandla. Isizathu soku sasikukuba zazizininzi ngohlobo ngaphambili izihlanganisi ezimbini efanayo baye kwiindawo zokubeka povray, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kukho ukusilela kwinkqubo yenzekile. Xa inkqubo yokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukunyusa inani labafowunelwa amandla. Developers kwaqala nge-20, kamva baba ngakumbi kwaye nezidibanisi ezongezelelweyo.

panel interface

Interface Panel waba ethe. Ngaphambili, kwakukho indawo yokubeka ngenxa keyboard, nasemingxunyeni ebekwe umrhumo ukwandiswa. ATX ifomu into idityaniswe kumngxunyana ukuba keyboard ukubeka ifowuni. indawo Free kuhlala "O" olubuxande kwicala lwe elimlinganiselo esemgangathweni, apho ababhekisi phambili wabeka Azisekho eziyimfuneko.

supply amandla Basic

Ngaphandle nje kokuba kukho motherboard ATX ifomu factor, inokufumaneka kunye PSU kulo mgangatho. Ukususela kuphuhliso ifomathi lathatha iminyaka esithoba, ngelo xesha ababhekisi phambili baye bazama nje ukutshintsha isinxibelelanisi, kodwa kube iyahambelana iifomu zangaphambili.

Ngenxa yoko, ekuqaleni isicelo ukuya isinxibelelanisi-20, abafowunelwa amandla. Olu khetho ithandwa ngaphambi kokufika motherboard kunye PCI-Express bus. Emva koko kwafika isinxibelelanisi kunye izikhonkwane-24. Olu khetho ixhaswa kwinguqulelo yangaphambili, "ibhonasi" 4 izikhonkwane asuswe, kwaye ibhodi kuya kusebenza amabini.

utshintsho CPU

Xa yaqala ukubonakala Pentium entsha 4 Athlon 64, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlaziya umgangatho version 2.0. Ngenxa yoko, motherboard wabuza for the main ibhasi 12 V unikezelo lwamandla, ATX ifom into leyo nayo ibuyekeziwe uguqulelo yesibini, kufuneka bafumane isinxibelelanisi olongezelelweyo. Ngoko kwakukho indawo yokubeka eyongezelelweyo enye-pin 4.

Emva koko kwaqala ukuvela embodiments kunye nabo ezintsonkothileyo. Umzekelo, 24 + 4 + 6 kwipali-isinxibelelanisi iye amangalelwe ngenxa mainboard abafumana ezininzi PCI-E 16x 'amazibuko. A 24 + 4 + 4-kwipali owayefuna ezongezelelweyo isinxibelelanisi-8-liso, olu sapho lwaluquka kwiindawo zokubeka ezimbini nabo 4. Ngaloo ndlela ke isetyenziswe motherboards leyo abe ukusetyenziswa eliphezulu.

Loo isisombululo ngokudibanisa izihlanganisi ezimbini nabo 4 ngenxa ukuba kukuhlutha umsebenzisi ukudibanisa ku abadala model motherboard. Ngaloo ndlela, a isinxibelelanisi nenye unfastened evela kwenye, yaye safumana 24 + 4 pin-USB.

izindlu

Ukongezelela BP kunye motherboard, kwaye unomzimba ethile emgangathweni. ATX ifomu factor kulo mzekelo yeyona mihla kakhulu ziyilungele mainboards ezilinganayo. Loo izindlu ifuna ukufikelela lula yonke kwimida wangaphakathi. It has umoya kakhulu ngaphakathi. It ikuvumela ukuba ufake iibhodi ngaphezu kwesinye opheleleyo.

Nangona kwegama elifanayo, kwi ATX isisu semoto inokubekwa motherboard ifomati micro-ATX. Ngokufutshane ngale mgangatho iya kuxoxwa kamva.

version compact

wabonakala kamva kancinci Form factor micro-ATX ngaphezu umgangatho eziphambili - ngo-1997. Le motherboard le fomathi 244 x 244 mm. Option yaqulunqelwa iziqhubekisi kunye zibukeke x86 sele kuphelelwa.

Xa inkqubo yokudala kwagqitywa ukugcina ngezisebenzelwanoezibuya yombane zomatshini kunye nomgangatho yangaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, umahluko omkhulu amakhadi imilinganiselo, kwiindawo zokubeka kunye peripherals oluhlangeneyo. Micro-ATX urhwebo kunye ikhadi graphics ezihlangeneyo, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa injongo yalo mgangatho. PC ne ifomu factor oluhambelana ngomsebenzi ofisi kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba iiprojekthi ungumdlali njengoko imizobo ezihlangeneyo laliphakathi nje.

ezinye iinketho

Ukongezelela ATX kunye micro-ATX, kwakukho ifomu-factor mini-ATX, ngoku akafumaneki naphi na. ubukhulu balo - 284 x 208 mm. Kubonakele FlexATX, apho waba nemilinganiselo 244 x 190 mm. Le ukuguqulwa guquka kwaye ivumela umenzi isigqibo iingxaki ezininzi.

Ngoko ke, yena uyakwazi ukukhetha ubungakanani kunye nendawo PD. Ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuphuhliso malunga kubuchwepheshe iprosesa entsha. Kodwa olu khetho alukho nako 'ukulwa "kunye ATX kwaye lihlale kwisiqalo.