Biography Karla Marksa ngokufutshane

Meyi 5, 1818 e Trier, emalunga Rhineside Prussia, uKarl Marx wazalwa - le ngezoqoqosho enkulu elizayo, isithandi, ngezentlalo kunye itshantliziyo kwezentlalo, imbongi, umbhali nentatheli kwezopolitiko. Biography Karla Marksa eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Uyise igqwetha yamaYuda. Wavuma Protestantism ngo-1824. Marx ntsapho nempumelelo kakhulu kwaye cultured, kodwa hayi yotshintsho olululo.

iminyaka eyunivesithi

Imfundo kwigrama (1830-1835) uqhubeka biography Karla Marksa. Iifoto ze ngezoqoqosho kunye bulumko ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Emva kokuphumelela Gymnasium Trier, Marx ufika kuqala kwiYunivesithi Bonn yaye kamva eBerlin. Wafunda nomthetho, kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - bulumko kunye nembali. Ikhosi sagqitywa ngowe-1841. Kwintanda-bulumko uEpicurus yayingumxholo ithisisi of Marx eyunivesithi. Emibonweni yakhe, wayeselapho ngelo xesha idealist Hegelian. E Berlin Marx wayekwiqela kwesangqa-ekuthiwa Hegelians ekhohlo (ukuba ziphantsi, ingakumbi, Bruno Bauer et al.). abameli balo afuna bulumko Hegel ngayo ukwenza izigqibo revolution akekho.

Ukufudukela Bonn

Biography Karla Marksa kwiminyaka bakhe omncinane; kuphawulwa yokuba izidanga eyunivesithi waya Bonn. Wayefuna ukuba ngunjingalwazi. Noko ke, umgaqo-nkqubo mva wokulawula elo xesha, nto leyo 1832, ndayihluthwa Ludwig Feuerbach kwaye isebe kungaliwa 1836 kwakhona wamfaka kule yunivesithi, kwaye ngo-1841 Balisusa ilungelo ukusuka Bruno Bauer, unjingalwazi oselula, funda intetho kwi eBonn, wenza Marx bashiye umsebenzi nzulu.

Ekhohlo Hegelian e Germany

E eJamani, uphuhliso iimbono abaxhasi ekhohlo Hegelian inkqubela ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngeli xesha. Ngokukodwa, ukususela 1836 Lyudvig Feyerbah iqala ukugxeka wezakwalizwi, izama ukutyhila ukuba izinto eziphathekayo, ekugqibeleni ummilela ukusuka phezulu ngo-1841 ( "Ute ubuKristu") yakhe. weza "Iziseko Ifilosofi the Future" ngo 1843. Engels wabhala le misebenzi kamva, ukuba ngoko nangoko Left Hegelians baba "Feuerbachians".

Ukufudukela Cologne, "Rheinische Zeitung"

Ntle baseRhine bourgeois olukhulu lowo wadibana Ekhohlo Hegelians, owasekwa ngo-Cologne, incwadi inkcaso ebizwa ngokuba "Rheinische Zeitung". weza yena nazo 1842, ukususela nge-1 Januwari. Bruno Bauer and Marx bamenyelwa kulo lokuhlela layo njengoko abasebenzi ephambili. Yaye kwangaloo nyaka mnye, ngo-Oktobha, Marx waba umhleli oyintloko. Wasuka eBonn ukuya Cologne, apho waqhubeka ngobomi bakhe Karla Marksa.

Xa editorship ka Charles revolution-yedemokhrasi mkhuba olu hlelo baba ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Okokuqala, urhulumente phantsi iphephandaba ukuhlola triple waza wagqiba ukuvala ngokupheleleyo oko (ngo-1843, 1 Januwari). Marx ngeli xesha kwafuneka bashiye umsebenzi isihloko. Noko ke, eshiya iphephandaba lakhe akazange ongasindisiyo. Ngo March 1843 ivaliwe. Engels amanqaku amanqaku ezinkulu Marx kwi "Rheinische Zeitung", umzekelo, inqaku kwi imeko emfuleni Mosel bewayini abalimi. umsebenzi Newspaper Ndayivulela Marx ukuba akakho kodwa eziqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo kunye kuqoqosho close yezopolitiko. Ngoko ke waqalisa ukufunda oko ngenyameko.

Umtshato, sifudukele eParis

UKarl Marx, ogama engobomi sinomdla ke, ngo-1843, watshata Jenny von Vestafalen e Kreuznach. Yaba umhlobo ebuntwaneni bakhe, lo intombazana awayekunye naye usengumfundi, yena useleganelwe. Umfazi wakhe usuka kwintsapho amanene yokusabela Prussia.

Lo ungumzalwana wakhe Prussia waba ngumlungiseleli ngaphakathi kwenye xesha zinkuni (1850 ukuya 1858). Ngowe-1843, ekwindla, Marx wafudukela eParis ukuze apapashe amazwe, kunye ne-Arnold Ruge washiya lowu Hegelian olukhulu - ". German-French Yonyaka" Nangona kunjalo, inani elinye kuphela ngasekhohlo. Wayeka umsebenzi ngakumbi ngenxa ubunzima lokuhambisa ngokufihlakeleyo oko eJamani, kananjalo nangenxa bengavani Arnold Ruge. Marx kumanqaku yakhe ebhaliweyo kule magazini, ukhonza ngokuvakalisa revolution "ukugxeka yonke into ekhoyo". Ngokukodwa, wagxeka ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ukukhalaza yabasebenzi iindimbane.

Nolwazi Fridrihom Engelsom

Ufike e Paris ngoSeptemba 1844 Fridrih Engels iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukususela ngoko, waba ngumhlobo osenyongweni Karla Marksa. Bobabini inxaxheba kubomi namaqela ngamaqela olululo Paris. Ngoko imfundiso Proudhon waba ukubaluleka ekhethekileyo. Naye wahlala ngokuqinileyo Marx ngo "I Poverty of Philosophy," epapashwe ngo-1847. Baye basungula iimfundiso ekulweni encinane-yoohlohlesakhe olobusoshiyali, amaqhinga kunye theory of Communism (okanye Marxism) kwaye socialism olululo uyazazi. Photo Engels thaca ngezantsi.

Ukusuka eParis Brussels, "League of ngamaKomanisi"

Ngokutsho urhulumente Prussia wabongoza ngo-1845 wagxothwa eParis njenge revolution yingozi uKarl Marx. prodlozhilas ngobomi bakhe e Brussels, apho wafudukela nentsapho yakhe. Marx kunye Engels entwasahlobo ka-1847, waqala inkampani phantsi kwegama "Communist League." Bona apha kwinkongolo yalo yesibini, eyayibanjelwe e-London ngo-1847, wathabatha ingxenye evelele. Egameni yoluntu, Marx kunye Engels wenza 'Manifesto wamaKomanisi ", ngowe-1848, ngoFebruwari. Kulo msebenzi ukuba ezotywe eziphathekayo iyavumelana - imboniselo entsha ehlabathini, nesigubungelo kwakhona indawo wobomi ekuhlaleni. Dialectics, babecinga - imfundiso kakhulu enzulu elibanzi lophuhliso. Yayichazwa ingcamango indima olululo yabasebenzi umzabalazo eklasini, uMdali a, uluntu elitsha wamaKomanisi.

Biography Karla Marksa kule minyaka 1848-1849.

Ngo-1848 waqalisa revolution ka February. UKarl Marx zachithwa eBelgium. biography emfutshane ngaye kule minyaka 1848-1849. elandelayo. Wabuya waya eParis, yaye emva koko, emva Matshi Revolution, ukuba Cologne. Apha ngo June 1848 ngoMeyi 1849 ukukhululwa "iNeue Rheinische Zeitung". umhleli wayo esasiphambili UKarl Marx, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane ngelo xesha yabalasela iziganeko eziliqela ezibalulekileyo. Brilliant indlela entsha ingcamango iziganeko revolution iye yaqinisekisa ukuba kwenzeka ngo-1848-1849 gg. Kamva kungqinwe onke amazwe uyazazi kwaye yedemokhrasi zehlabathi.

lahluleka Kuqala counter-revolution uye anikwe isigwebo Marx (yena msulwa ngo-1849, ngoFebruwari 9), waza wamgxotha e Germany (kulo nyaka, Meyi 16). Carl kuqala waya eParis, apho bagxothwa emva kokuba umboniso ka-Juni 13, waza ke waya eLondon, apho wayehlala de ekufeni kwakhe kakade.

Ubomi ekuthinjweni eLondon

Kakhulu iimeko ezinzima baba ubomi amazwe. Ingabonwa kakhulu ngokucacileyo ukususela imbalelwano kunye Engels, Karla Marksa, eyapapashwa ngo-1913. Marx kunye nemfuneko nentsapho yakhe yayiminxa. Ukuba hayi inkxaso yemali ka Engels, uKarl akavumanga nje angabi nako ukugqiba umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu, "Capital", kodwa ke ekugqibeleni batshabalala phantsi kwedyokhwe ubuhlwempu. Marx, eschewing izangqa emigre, lenze iqela imisebenzi zembali ingcamango ezibonakalayo, ubukhulu becala kokunikezela isifundo sakhe yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko.

I International

Ukususela ngasekupheleni 50 kunye nokuqhubeka kwi 60s nguva ukuvuselela iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo wedemokhrasi kwakhona ngokuba Karla Marksa ukuziqhelanisa. Baye Kwasekwa eLondon ngoSeptemba 28, 1864 I International. Emva falling in 1871, i-Paris Thethani, yaye kwisahlulo International eYurophu likhona akunakwenzeka. Ke uKarl Marx emva kwinkongolo kwi The Hague (1872) wafudukela eNew York kwiBhunga wayo Jikelele.

Le minyaka yokugqibela ubomi Karla Marksa

umsebenzi inxaxheba kwimisebenzi lethiyori International zalaba phantsi ngokupheleleyo impilo Marx sele. Umsebenzi ku "Capital" kunye noqoqosho kwimibongo esetyenzisiwe, waqhubeka ukuqokelela ezininzi eziphathekayo yaye wafunda eziliqela ngeelwimi (kuquka Russian). Nangona kunjalo, esi sifo akazange avumele ukuba nakugqiba, "Capital".

Umfazi wakhe wafa ngowe-1881, 2 Disemba. Emva kweminyaka 2, 14 Matshi 1883, uKarl ababelele esitulweni ngonaphakade. Ke wangcwatywa eLondon, Highgate Amangcwaba, kunye nomfazi wakhe.

abantwana abaliqela Marx wafa eLondon ebuntwaneni ngexesha xa enkulu beswele intsapho yakhe. neentombi ezintathu - Dzhenni Longe, Laura Lafarg kunye Eleonora Eveling - watshata French wobusoshiyali kunye England. UNyana Dzhenni Longe - ilungu Socialist Party yaseFransi.

Ngoko ke, sanixelela ngenxa ngale ndoda omkhulu uKarl Marx. Biography (isishwankathelo sobomi bakhe kunye nobuchule) unika kuphela ukuqonda befunda kuyo. Siye wachaza iziganeko ukukhuthaza umfundi ukuba baphicothe le mntu umdla.

Biography Karla Marksa kunye Fridriha Engelsa kumaxesha yiSoviet yaba yinxalenye yenkqubo enyanzelekileyo kwizikolo ezininzi. Ke kaloku ukufunda ubomi aba abantu bekwi ikakhulu mbali kunye noqoqosho. Noko ke, zakha iimbono zabo umdla omkhulu. Bekuya kuba nomdla kakhulu ukuba ukwazi umntu efana uKarl Marx. Biography, iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nayo, imisebenzi kunye nezimvo - zonke ezi amaphepha imbali, nto leyo inokuba ixesha elide ukufunda.