crystal Bohemian - kangangoko kule ukuzimisela ... Kwanele ukuva oko, yaye ngoko nangoko likwenza namatheko yeengcungcu kunye clink izibuko. Loluphi uhlobo izitya ungenza ngenene umnxeba kule kota yaye kwahluke njani kwezinye izinto?
History of Crystal wezandla
Kukholelwa ukuba Nakule mihla iglasi eYurophu iqala kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane elinesixhenxe. Yaba ngeli xesha ngengozi oko kwazeka ukuba ebudeni ngobuwena ethile, i window processing iba ngaphaya. Oku yindlela umgangatho umgangatho omtsha - inkosi lonke naseYurophu uzama ukwenza iimveliso zabo kwawo badlale ilanga. Kungekudala emva koko, indlela sokuqala lwasungulwa apho iglasi phakathi isixa esithile oxide lead longeziwe. Kuqulunqo olutsha iza kutshintsha kakhulu iimpawu kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Crystal ipolishi lula, lo gama imveliso amaninzi iba mihle ngakumbi.
crystal Bohemian: History of glassmakers Czech
Glass wezandla - omnye omdala neyona ehlonelwayo eYurophu kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Kakade ke, iinkosi zayo kunye neendibano zocweyo nabasemazweni onke amazwe aseYurophu, kodwa ukubonga idumileyo kule vutshila eBohemia kunye yaseVenice. glass okuhlola (ebizwa ngokuba indawo yemveliso - isiqithi ball) liyahlonyelwa zizakubalulwa ubuhle bayo, elubala kunye neentlobo yeziphumo umbala. Yonke le isiko iinkosi Venice kwiglasi-kuvuthuza. Kodwa sele kwinkulungwane XIII eBohemia (kummandla ngembali Czech Republic) isasetyenziswa elingene iglasi Italian yemveliso yengingqi. Namhlanje, crystal Bohemian kunye negilasi kakhulu ngenxa elubala lawo. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe ukuba unako ukwenza iimveliso umgangatho, okokuqala igama inkosi, owayehlala yaye esebenza eBohemia.
izigaba production
Nanamhlanje, kwixesha inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, crystal Bohemian kugqalwa obutofotofo yaye sisalathisi incasa ekhethekileyo yomnini. Kodwa kutheni le brand aziswa kangaka? Times xa iinkosi ayengavunyelwa ukuzakhela ukuxelela noba nezalamane zabo naziphi izibakala enxulumene nemveliso, zigqithile. Namhlanje, iifektri ezininzi eBohemia tirhisa Iihambo zolonwabo, kwaye siya kuzama ukuqonda ukuba yenziwa njani yikristale edume kunye negilasi. Isigaba sokuqala Imveliso - izinto ekrwada, ndininyibilikise iimveliso nophondo. Emva koko, lo preform nto ndafakwa sokubumba efumileyo ngamaplanga. Isigaba sesithathu - enye umdla kakhulu - a besila nokusika neglasi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba uju komsebenzi: ixesha apho impahla sinokunyangwa, elifutshane kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa inkosi esebenzisa umzobo eyenziweyo. Inyathelo elilandelayo - ukudalwa imikrolo kunye gilding. Kwaye into yokugqibela kwenziwa ipolishi imveliso ogqityiweyo. crystal Bohemian yaziswa kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bayo kodwa ngenxa umgangatho. Zonke iimveliso ziyavavanywa kwaye ubukho nakancinane lomtshato ukuya ezivenkileni ize isetyenziswe. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba namhlanje, iglasi kunye ngumkhenkce eBohemia ngezandla eyenziwe ezizodwa imigca automated ukutshayela technology.
Crystal okanye iglasi?
Ngaba uyasazi isizathu sokuba le crystal ivasi, kunye negilasi, ngoko njengaye - iglasi? Ezi zinto zimbini afunyenwe ukusuka kwenye impahla ekrwada zahlukile. Kukholelwa ukuba xa iglasi ukusuka kwisi-6 ukuya ku-36% okhokelayo oxide, oko kubizwa ngokuba njengekristale. ezingeni International - 24%. Kukholelwa ukuba mkhulu ipesenti umxholo elikhokelayo, ngcono yikristale. iimveliso Elite kunye ophezulu ezisemgangathweni, inxalenye apho eli nani likhulu kune-30% yamanqaku. crystal Bohemian (photo ungabona kweli nqaku) kufuneka ungabi amaqamza kunye nezinye inclusions. Imveliso kufuneka ngokufanayo ngaphaya kwaye abengezelayo kuzo zonke iindawo, ngaphandle clouding.
Iimpawu mfanelo
Indlela ukukhetha nomkhenkce uphephe iimpazamo xa bethenga? Traditional iglasi ngobuwena check - ndinkqonkqoza kakuhle ipensile okanye enye into kwi emphethweni kwiglasi okanye isaladi isitya. Wonke kunye nemveliso esemgangathweni uya kusabela isandi amnandi. Enye khetho xa uthenga uhlolo crystal - ngokukhuhla ngomnwe wakhe ezimanzi. imveliso Original kunye nomgangatho ihlaba lalila umdla, kodwa iglasi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinye analogs "cwaka." Zonke izitya eziveliswa eBohemia, kukho umthungo "eqinile" - ezantsi isiqu yeglasi. Iiglasi kunye Bohemian zitsha crystal (intyatyambo) banemboniso emazantsi.
Yimalini izinto ezinjalo kunye nezinto nokuhombisa?
Ngexesha amaxesha Soviet, nayiphi ngembonakalo yikristale njengento uphawu ubutyebi, zonke iindwendwe self-ngokuphathelele kwafuneka ukuba bajikeleze indlu leyo izitya. Zonke iiholide kunye isiganeko unxulunyaniswa chimes emnandi izibuko le nto. Kwaye akukho nto ngembonakalo yikristale uthathwa ufuzisela incasa kunye nobutyebi: kufuneka umgangatho kwaye ubuhle ngokwenene ukuba ahlawule. Kwi-avareji, iseti iindondo zingathengwa ngenxa 3000-4000 engange, kunye nayiphina into ezimeleyo ukukhonza yee-ubukhulu okanye umhombiso zokuhombisa langaphakathi - kuba 2000-3000 engange. Kakade ke, sithetha imveliso iimveliso mveliso. umsebenzi Manual ixabisa kakhulu amaxesha amaninzi eninzi. Crystal zokubhala ayinayo ubudala, kodwa ufumana kuphela ngcono nkqu kunye neminyaka edlulileyo. Ngako oko, antique ilekese ukuvunwa crystal Bohemian nga imali enkulu. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi nempahla ekhaya kunye nempahla ziya kuthengiswa kwifandesi. Kubonakala ukuba yikristale - ayikho kuphela uhombiso itafile kunye noyilo elingaphakathi, kodwa utyalo ezixabisekileyo.