Chancellor - le intsingiselo yegama elithi .... German Chancellor

Chancellor waziwa kokubini eRashiya eYurophu. Kuzo zonke iilwimi zehlabathi eli gama zipelwe kwathiwa efanayo. Indawo akasoloko athetha into enye, nangona ngokubanzi nguTshansila - yinkokeli. Kwilizwe ngalinye intsingiselo yegama elithi uneempawu zawo. Amaninzi inxulunyaniswa eJamani Austria. Kula mazwe, i-ofisi ka-Chancellor na ixabiso elifomatiweyo liphezulu sikarhulumente.

indaba

It is a ingqiqo evela zamaXesha Aphakathi. Nangona Chancellor wafumana intloko zocweyo abakhupheli njengonegunya ekhethekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, intloko waseJamani zamazwe karhulumente yabizwa ngokuba Federal Chancellor. Indawo efanayo ixabiso eOstriya.

Ngemihla ubukhosi ukuba sikhundla ukuqesha ukususa kuyo kumkani. E eJamani, umlawuli kwakhona nempembelelo inkqubo yomthetho ngqo. Emva 1918, i-Weimar Republic Chancellor waqalisa ukuba angenise ePalamente, nangona isigqibo malunga nokuqeshwa kwakhe nokususwa wathabatha Empire ngumongameli. Emva 1948, ubunzima nezopolitiko intloko lepalamente liye yandiswe ngokubonakalayo.

In tsarist Russia i-Chancellor - lo elifomatiweyo civil aphezulu. Abeke amagosa aphezulu abathatha inxaxheba nkqubo amazwe. Ngoko ke igama uMongameli College kunye nabaPhathiswa Foreign.

Kwi-UK ngale ndlela kuthiwa uMphathiswa wezeMali.

intsingiselo

Chancellor (eli gama livela kulwimi German) kwizichazi magama ezininzi kuthetha eliphezulu igosa okanye sisiphi isikhundla anaso. Esi sikhundla lobunkokeli apho abameli kumazwe ahlukeneyo ibizwa ngokwahlukileyo kancinci:

• Germany - Tshansela, Federal Chancellor;
• England - Nkosi Chancellor.

amandla izikhundla

Ekubeni ilizwi waseJamani, ngoko ke esihle kakhulu eJamani. Ngoko ke, wachaza iya kuba amagunya kunye namalungelo kweli lizwe. Eyona idumileyo ke lokugqibela Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

Federal Chancellor - usihlalo yeKhabhinethi yaBaphathiswa. Nguye yedwa kuba urhulumente. Oku kuthetha ilungelo kuphela ukukhetha njengabalungiseleli, kwakunye neziphakamiso zokuqeshwa labo kunye nokugxothwa. It igqiba indlela ziza kuba kwi-ofisi njengabalungiseleli, ngokunjalo imihlaba yemisebenzi yabo.

Izwe German Chancellor

I-Federal Chancellor of modernity waqalisa ukusetyenziswa 1949. Bona amanani zibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yezopolitiko yaseJamani.

Uluhlu yeenkokeli German yepalamente:

• UKonrad Adenauer ;
• Ludwig Erhard ;
• Kurt Kiesinger;
• Willy Brandt;
• UHelmut Schmidt ;
• UHelmut kohl;
• Gerhard Schroeder.

Ukususela ngo-2005, i-Federal Chancellor waseJamani - Angela Merkel. Abamisa ukuba indawo iPalamente German. Ubomi inkonzo iminyaka emine. Ukuze shift endaweni yakhe ngaphambi kwexesha enokwen- kwinkqubo kungekho nethemba.

Head Modern ku Germany

Angela Merkel nguye umfazi yokubamba kwisithuba Chancellor kuqala. Uphinde inkokeli CDU (Christian Democratic Union). Abameli yalo mbutho kaninzi iba nguTshansila. Umhla wokuqeshwa kwakhe - November 22, 2005. Lafumana ngaphezu kwama-50% lweevoti zamasekela Bundestag. Kweli nqanaba, kwaba 51. Kuba abafazi abaninzi, i-FRG yayiluloyiso lobuqu.

umsebenzi wakhe kurhulumente, waqalisa kunye yokuguqula inkqubo federal. Oku kuquka ukulwa bureaucracy, ekuqhubeni uphando lwenzululwazi kuhlaziyo ukhathalelo lwempilo, umgaqo-eneji kakhulu ngakumbi. Ngo-2007, Angela Merkel yadibana UDalai Lama XIV. Yaba a ukuzwa yokwenene esikalini ngamazwe. Kulo nyaka yena waba ngummeli we-European Union. Xa oko kwamkelwa i-siseko EU. Ukuba ephambili ebudeni umelo.

Ukusuka kungasentla kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba Chancellor - inkokeli lorhulumente waseJamani. Oku kugqiba iinkqubo Bundestag, nangona asuswe ngevoti yesininzi singakholosi kwimeko.