Cichlids Afrika: iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, inkcazo kunye nesiqulatho kwi akwariyam

Nice ukuba kwi akwariyam ekhaya njengoko amasuntswana endalo, yaye bonwabile ngokuphindwe xa umiwe intlanzi engaqhelekanga exotic, zendalo imibala eqaqambileyo. A eliqhelekileyo kwaye zahlukahlukene kakhulu cichlids Afrika, ezahluke ubukhulu, imilo kunye nenkangeleko umxhelo.

fish Homeland

Zonke abameli cichlidae usapho bahlala kummandla Great Lakes, kuquka Kivu, Albert, Edward, Rudolph, Nyasa, eTanganyika kunye Victoria (ezidweliswe kwi kwindawo inyuka). Best wayiphuthaphutha abemi izidumbu ezimbini zokugqibela yamanzi, apho kuhlala zonke yayigcinwa eziphilayo ukuze ifumaneke nentlanzi. Nangenye dike Afrika - Malawi - kukho malunga 500 iintlobo.

Inani elipheleleyo le intlanzi engaqhelekanga kwaye inemibalabala - iintlobo 1500. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba bonke bavela kukhokho omnye, divergence rapid (million 10 iminyaka) negalelo kwiintlobo mihla. Ngokutsho Iingxelo zakutshanje, e Lake Victoria cichlids Afrika lizisa 200, zonke eziya kwahluka kwizikhethwa ukutya kunye neempawu morphological. Yinto eyenzeka emangalisayo. Ingakumbi ukuba idike kwasekwa kwiminyaka 400,000 eyadlulayo, yaye speciation esebenzayo ngoko kufuneka elide kunye Ukuqhela abantu omnye komnye. Aquarium fish atsaleleka kuphela ubuhle bazo bangaphandle, kodwa ukuziphatha funny, ubuchule, loo nto ithathwa ukuba bayakwazi ukuqaphela enkosini yakhe.

Cichlids African: Inkcazo

Le ntlanzi noko omkhulu umzimba eliphezulu zixinaniswe evela kumacala, kunye nentloko enkulu, nto leyo inkunzi ezinamanqatha "umqamelo" ubudala-zoncedo. Ezimpundu kanye amaphiko amaphiko ziyanatyiswa ecaleni umzimba, iintlobo ezininzi kukho dimorphism ngesondo. Ubungakanani zisukela cm-5 ukuya kuma-70, xa neTilapia ethile Afrika ifikelela ukuya kwisiqingatha semitha ubude. Kuba imixholo ekhaya umdla ubuhle bayo edlamkileyo emvula. Kukholelwa ukuba le Zinjalo amarhamncwa, nto leyo sibi. Xa ukhetho lasekunene le fomu, unako lula kwaye kweziphazamiso ukohlukana ukuba ezinye iintlanzi. Yokuba ixesha elide kwaye nkqu ekuthinjweni angagcinwa ukuya kwiminyaka engama-25.

supply Food

Kukho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba cichlids Afrika kumntu omnye zezitya okanye ezidla. Ekugqibeleni ke zazivelela yaye liphuhlise nkcukacha emxinwa kakhulu, uhlobo ngalunye wathatha niche ukutya: .. yesilwanyana saselwandle, ulele, ezincinane, izinambuzane, ezinye iintlanzi okanye nesikali, njalo njalo Le ukungcola kuvunyelwa ukuba ahlalisane nama inani elikhulu labantu, ukuze kulondolozwe izityebi ukwahluka. Oku azinakho ukutyeshelwa xa umxholo cichlids kwi aquarium ekhaya. Noko ke, nzima kakhulu, akayi ukuthatha.

cichlids Afrika: Umxholo

Lake cichlids izinto zokuhombisa kakhulu, omnye ngani - lithathelwe msinya indawo entsha. Abayi ofuna yokondla isiseko, ukumelana izifo, hayi befuna kwiqondo lobushushu kwamanzi yaye uyakwazi lokuyivelisa kwindawo ahlala kuyo. Enye iimpawu eziphambili - abahluphekayo ukunyamezelana medium acid kunye namanzi ethambileyo, kufuneka uqinisekise i pH 7,0-5,8, lobushushu ezaneleyo ukuze sihlale kwi + 25 ° C. Kwindalo, kwiindawo zendalo zamanzi kuhlala ingatshintshanga, ngoko ke ntlanzi musa ukukunyamezela ubushushu ombane, koko, ngokuba abameli ngamnye eTanganyika lobushushu esinye-30 ° C ukufa.

attribute olufunekayo akwariyam ahlala kuyo cichlids Afrika, kukho izinto zayo zoyilo zokuhombisa. Kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukwakha bexelisa ezakhiwe amatye endalo kwamatye, kunye iipaseji nemiqolomba. Best zonke, ukuba uyilo uya kubekwa eludongeni esingasemva akwariyam ukuphakama ngokupheleleyo. Ungasebenzisa lekalika naziiperile. Izityalo zezityalo ayamkelwa, kodwa ungengeza kwi Kumbindi Oak, lemongrass. Kodwa ukuba ube ulwelwe eluhlaza ukuba, ngaphezu koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba abanike amatye qhina kunye nodonga icala isitya. ubuthi Organic cichlids sensitive, qinisekisa ukuba ukubeka filter carbon, ukutshintsha amanzi rhoqo, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe-10% ngeveki lilonke.

eziqhelekileyo iintlobo

Dwelisa zonke iindidi zeentlanzi abafunyanwa akwariyam, kwinqaku umntu akunakwenzeka, siya kusondela ingqalelo yakho nje ezimbalwa.

1. Princess of Burundi - abakhe. ETanganyika uthathwa izinambuzane. amandla kuxhuma ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba agubungele kwiglasi Aquarium. cichlid Afrika (ingasentla) olu hlobo luphawulwa amanene sandy idyasi umbala kunye ithinti oluhlaza negolide "namacici" kwi dj ezikuyo. Ngokuba umxholo epheleleyo kufuneka ngumhlambi iintaka 6-10.
2. Blue Dolphin. Abadala umbala uphawu iintlanzi, kunye amadoda ngakumbi ukukhula manqatha ebunzini lakhe. Le yenye abameli lukhulu cichlids, nkqu naxa umxholo kwi akwariyam zikhule ku-25 cm ubude. Bubunjani ezolileyo kunye nentlanzi nkqu-wobulali, ngoxolo yokuhlalisana kunye nezinye iintlobo.
3. Melanohromis Johans - intlanzi ukuya encinane ku-10 cm, kunye dimorphism ngokwesondo ecacileyo. Iinkunzi omnyama eblowu imivumbo ukukhanya blue okanye amabala (ifoto yesibini), iimazi - emthubi-orange. mobile kakhulu, kuba zezitya konke.
4. Iingcungcu - ubomi e Lake Malawi, kukho iintlobo ezinqabileyo, kodwa ngenxa abalimi eziqhelekileyo akwariyam. It has a uphawu liphiko canary-mthubi, ezimpundu kanye amaphiko kunye band oluhlaza. Lwemfuyo isibini kwaye kufuneka ngumzi iilitha ezingama-80 ubuncinane umthamo.
5. Queen laseTanganyika - intlanzi oluhlaza emangalisayo kwaye inemibalabala imivumbo ezimnyama (kwifoto kuqala). Khula ukuya ku-35 cm ubude, kunye angamadoda ibunzi umxhelo, amandla kunye nokuziphatha walinganisa iimpawu umdla indalo kunye nobuchule. ukutya okuthandayo - iinkumba, ukutya engundoqo - squid, neminqiwu intlanzi, Shrimp.