Contract State: imiqathango, iimeko, isampuli

umthetho Russian ubonelela kwasekwayo unxulumano phakathi kukarhulumente kunye zikamasipala arhente kunye nababoneleli zabucala kwempahla, iinkonzo kunye nemisebenzi ngokuthi kutyikitywe izivumelwano ezizodwa. Ezi zivumelwano kufuneka kugqitywe ngokungqinelana nemigaqo engqongqo ebekwe phantsi kwi imithombo ahlukeneyo komthetho. ukubulawa kwabo kunye nokusebenza iphawulwa linani elikhulu kujonge izinto. Yintoni ingakumbi ubuhlobo benziwe kuzotywa izivumelwano ngurhulumente? Njani na?

Yiyiphi ngumba isivumelwano karhulumente?

Imvumelwano karhulumente ubhaliso ngokusemthethweni zomthetho nezobudlelwane, isifundo apho - ngokuthengiswa kweempahla okanye ubonelelo ngeenkonzo ukuba iimfuno karhulumente, obangelwe imfuneko ukuphumeza izakhiwo data amagunya ayo. Customer ngokwesi sivumelwano echaphazelekayo - kurhulumente, yaye njengophume ingaba umbutho okanye IP ngamnye.

Ingabonakala ngathi ngokwemvumelwano karhulumente? izakhiwo isampula yoxwebhu ezahlukeneyo - kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi.

Otyalayo phantsi isivumelwano karhulumente ukuba mhlawumbi ezinxulumene izakhiwo zikarhulumente, kwaye luzimele kubo. Kwezinye iimeko, isivumelwano urhulumente kuqukunjelwe kunye namaziko amazwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko apho iimpahla okanye iinkonzo ezifunekayo igunya oda ngaphakathi elizweni.

Uhlobo sikhokelo esemthethweni sichazwa ngomthetho iinkqubo kunye nemihla. Siza kufunda iinkcukacha zabo ezithile.

Inkqubo kunye ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano karhulumente

Isigaba sokuqala ubhaliso zezomthetho kunye norhulumente kunye ngamahlakani ayo - ukudraftwa isivumelwano umbuzo. It iyaphuhliswa ngqo igunya, oko kukuthi, umthengi, ize emva koko ithunyelwe kwi kumthengisi. Ukuba Ezecala lesibini isuti ngokomthetho nemiqathango yesivumelwano, oko kuya uyisayine kwiintsuku ezingama-30, uze emva koko athumele ikopi yesivumelwano igunya zoluntu, nto leyo iye yaphuhliswa kubekho idrafti yesivumelwano.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukupheliswa kwesivumelwano zoluntu lwenziwa emva kokuhlawulwa ngaphakathi iinkqubo zokuthengwa likarhulumente iimfuno karhulumente. Kulo mzekelo, ixesha utyikityo amalungiselelo esihambelanayo inokuba nomahluko: a ngokwemvumelwano mabaqeshwe kugqitywa kwiintsuku hayi ngaphambi kwe-10 emva kokusayina abathengisa protocol, kodwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-20 emva kokuba ukuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo.

Ukuba umnikezeli akuthethi basayine imvumelwano phakathi kwemida ngexesha elichazwe ngumthetho, ilungelo lokungena kwisivumelwano kunye uburhulumente ndatshintshelwa kwelinye iqumrhu loshishino. Njengoko umthetho, uya kuqhuba ezi nzuzo zilandelayo kwi iqondo ixabiso ngaphakathi kwentengiso. Kule nkampani, wala ukuba ukugqiba isivumelwano karhulumente oya kungena irejista iikontraki abanganyanisekanga. Kulo mzekelo, umbutho ochaphazelekayo akayi kuba nako iminyaka emi-3 ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule ifandesi ngokomyalelo karhulumente.

Umqukumbelo mvumelwano karhulumente kufuna inkcazo ngokwemimiselo yayo. Makhe sifunde kule nkalo zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Imigaqo nemiqathango kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente

Ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano esenziwe umniki iimpahla ezithile okanye iinkonzo kurhulumente, zahlulwa:

• enkulu;
• ku sesevisi;
• phezu kwezinye.

Uhlobo lokuqala nemiqathango yesivumelwano echaphazelekayo zezi:

• sifundo;
• zokugcina;
• iindleko ubonelelo kunye nenkqubo intlawulo yabo.

Kwimeko ukuba otyalayo usebenza kwindlela irhafu lula, ixabiso ikhontrakthi kubonisiwe ngaphandle VAT. Ukuba akunjalo, ixabiso added tax kubonakaliswe kubume ixabiso lesivumelwano.

Ngokuzibophelela kwi yokuvumelana:

• indawo yokwenza esi sivumelwano;
• inkqubo yamkelwe iimpahla kuhlangulwa;
• iimeko sezomthetho amaqela.

Njengoko umthetho, isivumelwano karhulumente kuquka ukumiselwa komyalelo uxanduva, njengoko apho urhulumente okanye otyalayo umvuzo walo xa kuthe non-inzaliseko iimeko isohlwayo mvumelwano iya kubalwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinga yangoku mboleko ye-Central Bank. Ukuba nayiphi na amaqela angabonisa ukuba kuye isivumelwano ngenxa ukunyanzela majeure okanye ezinye izizathu injongo, isohlwayo akuhlawulwa.

Ngu neminye imiqathango yesivumelwano ekunokuthiwa, ingakumbi, inkxaso yalo. Kuluncedo ukuba siqwalasele iinkcukacha zayo ezithile.

Software njengemeko contract

Phantsi ulungiselelo kwimeko kwesivumelwano ezifana isivumelwano karhulumente bendiqonda inzaliseko isiqinisekiso yezimali umthengisi kwempahla okanye iinkonzo phantsi kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente. Ukuba igunya a otyalayo akayi kuba nako ukusombulula le misebenzi, ngeendleko zokubonelela umthengi uya kukwazi yokugubungela umonakalo owabangelwa.

Iindidi ezingundoqo izivumelwano karhulumente ukuqinisekisa:

• isiqinisekiso bank;
• inshorensi;
• isibambiso;
• sebheyili.

Ixabiso le software njengenxalenye kwezivumelwano karhulumente kufuneka ingadluli-30% yexabiso zingafumanekiyo impahla okanye iinkonzo, omisiweyo kwisaziso yokwaluka borhwebo.

Nokuba ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano phakathi kukarhulumente kunye nogxa wayo wavuma, nabo kamva, indlela enye okanye omnye, na kutshintshwa. Makhe sifunde indlela apho oku kunokwenziwa.

Ukutshintsha imo contract

Okokuqala, siphawula ukuba imiqathango yesivumelwano karhulumente ephathelele imihla ebalulekileyo, indawo, zomthetho, kwakunye nesakhiwo ixabiso ayikwazi ukuba zilungiswe. Noko ke, wavunyelwa ukuba utshintshe iinketho sivumelwano, ezifana:

• data malunga amaqela esivumelwano (utshintsho kuwo ukuze kwangaphambili, umz, kuhlengahlengiso ezithile kumaxwebhu abasemthethweni, iinkcukacha);
• ulwazi malunga nenani okanye umthamo urhulumente wayalela iimpahla okanye iinkonzo;
• ixabiso lilonke kwesivumelwano, ukuba izizathu emali kwizivumelwano zexesha elide zitshintsha ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo zinefuthe iindleko kumthengisi.

Kulo mzekelo, naluphi na utshintsho ngobume contract, yaqalwa liqela elinye ku yingisela kufuneka wenza iqabane kwisivumelwano.

Ngoku sifunde indlela apho mvumelwano karhulumente kuya kunqunyanyiswa.

Ukupheliswa yesivumelwano

isivumelwano State (contract) kunganqunyanyiswa ukuba:

• amaqela ukuba ukuzalisekisa izibophelelo ezingundoqo;
• amaqabane ngokubambisana wagqiba ekubeni ayeke ubudlelwane;
• esihambelanayo contract irhoxisiwe yinkundla.

Inqanyulelwe isivumelwano, njengoko umthetho, ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano. A kwetyala ngale ndaba yokurhoxiswa sivumelwano ngaloo eqaliswe naliphi iqela. Noko ke, akakwazi ukuya enkundleni kuphela xa iqabane lakhe walile ukucima isivumelwano xa kukho into kwi isiseko somthetho, okanye ukuba otyalayo ongafumananga mpendulo nokuhlelwa lingekapheli ithuba elimiselweyo - phantsi isivumelwano okanye phantsi komthetho.

URhulumente kunye nomasipala izivumelwano - sisixhobo ubudlelwane ukubhalwa, nto leyo ilawulwa yi amalungiselelo Art. 72 BK i Russian Federation kunye nenombolo Federal Umthetho 44, esamkelwa 05.04.2013. Cinga iimpawu ummiselo osemthethweni kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente iinkqubo ibhaso ngokweenkcukacha.

ulawulo zomthetho kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente: Inqaku 72 Code Budget RF

Ngoko ke, phakathi imithombo ephambili yomthetho, negunya phezu iinkampani inxaxheba zomthetho nezobudlelwane kwisikhokelo kwezivumelwano kawonke - Code mali. Ngokungqinelana nemimiselo yeSiqendu 72 Code Budget RF ezahlukeneyo ekuthengweni kweempahla, isebenza okanye iinkonzo ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno karhulumente okanye kamasipala amagunya wenziwe kule mvumelwano ngesakhiwo:

• It is on the icebo ukuthengwa kwempahla, iinkonzo okanye imisebenzi;
• Lasekwa ngo ngokungqinelana nemigaqo emiselwe ngumthetho;
• kuhlawulwa ngokuxhomekeke imida kwimeko izibophelelo mali abazibeka kuwiso-mthetho.

Budget RF sokunikela udidi olwahlukileyo izivumelwano - izivumelwano karhulumente zokubonelelwa kwezinto ezithile kwi-Russian Armed Forces kwisikhokelo lweenkqubo, leyo avunyiwe nguMongameli we-Russian Federation. Ezi izivumelwano ixhomekeke kwintlawulo zincwadi ngezimali, ezo iimeko sizimisele kwiiprogram ezifanelekileyo.

I-Code Budget RF ukwathi imvumelwano inkonzo karhulumente, okanye ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ngexesha umjikelo ukuphunyezwa, elingaphezu wihi wa imida ngaphakathi izibophelelo mali zingabizwa kwimida kwexabiso lemali, leyo ichazwe ngu izigqibo ezithathwe ngabasemagunyeni ukuze , amalungiselelo athile kweKhowudi Budget RF.

Ukuba umxholo kwesivumelwano karhulumente - ukuhanjiswa kwempahla ngaphakathi komda ixesha amakhulu imida wihi yezibophelelo mali, kufuneka isivumelwano efanelekileyo kuso ngenxa umthetho olawula ubudlelwano kwinkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla ezithile.

ulawulo zomthetho izivumelwano karhulumente: FZ № 44

Lo mthombo elandelayo ebaluleke yomthetho, nto leyo ebonisa indlela apho urhulumente wenziwe ukupheliswa kwesivumelwano - inani Federal Umthetho 44. umthetho kujongwa weza ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2014. Ngaphambi koku, kwempahla yomphakathi ilawulwa eminye imithombo komthetho - Inombolo Law Federal 94, esamkelwa 21.07.2005. Umahluko phakathi bomthetho substantive.

Ngoko ke, ukuze kuqatshelwe ukuba umthetho omtsha federal isebenzisa igama elithi "isivumelwano", njengoko kuqatshelwe yi abammeli nje undoqo, njengenye indlela ingcamango "isivumelwano". isivumelwano State ngokungqinelana kunye nenani Federal Umthetho 44 ichazwa njenge isivumelwano esayinwa egameni Russian Federation, urhulumente okanye iziko likamasipala ukuba ibonelele ngezi okanye ezinye iimfuno. Enyanisweni, lo gama sele ngazo ekuqaleni kweli nqaku.

Umthetho omtsha federal, iingcali zithi, baye bamkelwa ukuze:

• ukwandisa elubala imicimbi entsimini yokuthengwa zikarhulumente;
• ukunciphisa izinga lorhwaphilizo ekwakheni ubudlelwane phakathi kukarhulumente kunye oonokontraka baso;
• ukuphucula ukusebenza, indlela eyiyo imali karhulumente isetyenziselwe ukuhlawula izinto ezithengwa ezahlukeneyo.

Inzuzo ephambili kuMthetho Federal № 44 - ekudaleni imeko ngokusemthethweni, pre-icwangciswe kwi-sikhokelo ubudlelwane esemthethweni phakathi arhente karhulumente kunye ngabathengiseli babo, kwaye ukwenziwa kwesivumelwano karhulumente ilawulwa ngendlela ngokungqongqo.

Cinga ezintsha eziphambili malunga ummiselo osemthethweni kwiimvumelwano karhulumente FZ № 44 zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Isiphelo yezivumelwano yokuthengisa inani 44: izinto ezintsha eziphambili

Phakathi ezintsha abaninzi abadumileyo uMthetho Federal № 44 - imfuneko yokuseka kumaziko karhulumente iinkonzo ezizodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwezi zivumelwano ethathelwa ingqalelo. Ukubunjwa ezi nkonzo kufuneka ziquka ziingcali nobuchule kwinkalo yokuthengwa kwempahla karhulumente, ezinako ukukulumkisela ukwakha ubuhlobo efanelekileyo kunye otyalayo phantsi komthetho, nokukhuthaza ukwazi ngcono bemvelo yabo ngoomahlulelane. inombolo Umthetho 44 kufuna izakhiwo zikarhulumente kunye kamasipala ukuseka nkonzo kuthethwa ngawo, ukuba imeko ixabiso isivumelwano kukuba ngaphezulu kwezigidi 100 engange.

ezintsha elandelayo Inombolo yoMthetho 44 kukuseka njengemfanelo abasemagunyeni, nto leyo ukuphumeza isicwangciso procurement ixesha elide. inombolo Umthetho 94 wayalelwa ukulungiselela izicwangciso zonyaka. Umthetho omtsha ufuna ukuba umthengi ukwenza izicwangciso iminyaka ezongezelelweyo-3.

Ngokumalunga iishedyuli procurement lwangoku, kufuneka, ngokungqinelana kunye nenani Federal uMthetho 44 epapashwe kule nkqubo ulwazi enobunye, okanye EIS, yaye oku omnye ezintsha le phantsi komthetho federal. Ezi ziseko yenzelwe, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, kuba lo mbutho kweziniki. Kodwa i ERC ifumaneka nayo kunye nezicwangciso zokuthengwa, iinkcukacha nendlela oqhutywa ngayo izivumelwano ezikhoyo, nemiba zamaxabiso, inikeza evela nxaxheba emarikeni.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ndawonye ERC kukho iqela nabanye oovimba ulwazi ziyafumaneka kwi-nxaxheba kwezivumelwano kunye namanye amaqela anomdla. Ngokukodwa, kukho irejista online kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente - resource ezingundoqo, nto leyo ibonakalisa data kwiimfuno arhente zikarhulumente, i zizizo zokuhanjiswa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo eRashiya, ulwazi malunga nemithombo ngeethenda mali.

Enye ezintsha ebalulekileyo uMthetho Federal № 44 - ekhuthaza ukuhla kwinqanaba ukuthengwa esidlangalaleni inkunkuma. Ngokuhambelana kunye nemimiselo ebekwe ingqalelo njengomthombo yomthetho, le nkampani icinga ukuba aqukumbele isivumelwano yokuthenga karhulumente impahla, iinkonzo okanye imisebenzi, kunye nokunyusa ixabiso yi-25% ngaphantsi koko olucetywayo ekuqaleni, niyalungisa le iinkcukacha isaphulelo, kunye nokunika ubungqina bokuba umgangatho aya kuba kwinqanaba ngokwaneleyo. Ukongeza, iziko yokulahla kwakuza sinqabisekile kwimvumelwano karhulumente kwi-mali amaxesha ukuba isiqingatha ngaphezu kwezo ziqulethwe kwithenda. Kuphela kulo mzekelo, siqinise uya kukwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba iithenda a yokuthenga yoluntu.

Provider ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano kunye karhulumente kwaye iyahambelana nezibophelelo zawo phantsi kwawo phambi kokuba enze isenzo yokwamkela kufuneka enze uviwo lokuthobela kunye iimpahla anikwa okanye iinkonzo isivumelwano, ukwenza ingxelo umsebenzi, kwakunye papasha olu xwebhu kwi ERC. Le mfuneko kunxulumene ezintsha ezibalulekileyo FZ № 44.

Ngoku sifunde inani kujonge izinto ezenziwayo ezenzeka izivumelwano karhulumente. Ngokukodwa, bekuya kuba luncedo ukubacacisela ukuba iimpawu ezithile wokutyikitywa izivumelwano ezifanelekileyo.

Ukusayinwa kwezivumelwano zikarhulumente: i bokuqonda

umsebenzi contract umbuso kuqaliswa ngo olunye okanye kwelinye iziko loshishino ngu:

• inxaxheba kwithenda (le ndlela sele siye saxubusha ngasentla);
• isicelo esikhethekileyo iikowuteshini, njengendlela kwenkqubo yokuqala ezizezinye.

Ukuzibandakanya zombini iindlela ithetha kugcinwe inani labathathi-nxaxheba ingqalelo imiqathango esemthethweni emiselwe ngumthetho. Ngoko ke, ukuba inkampani uneenjongo inxaxheba ifandesi, kufuneka ukudibanisa kubo emva kokuba online ifandesi ziya kupapashwa elandelwayo zeekhontrakthi bakuthathe, kodwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva koku, kwaye zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-20. Oku koko sesitshilo ngasentla.

Indlela yesibini, nayo, iquka isicelo iikowuteshini akuntsuku ngaphambi kwe-7 emva kokuba nokubekwa phezu iikowuteshini protocol online, kwakunye nokufumana yovavanyo izicelo kwiimvumelwano karhulumente, kodwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-20 emva komhla apho kubonakala protocol. Xa ixesha elithile likarhulumente iqumrhu kwezoqoqosho kwemvumelwano loluntu unelungelo lokubhena kwiziphumo inxaxheba kwithenda. Isivumelwano olusebenza kuphela ukususela kumhla xa iza ku tyikitywa ngumthengi kunye kumthengisi.

Njengokuba sibonile ngentla apha, kwiimeko ezichazwe ngumthetho ngokwemvumelwano mabaqeshwe irhoxisiwe. Amaninzi, ilungelo lokufaka isivumelwano likarhulumente kuso nasiphi na amaqela ivela xa otyalayo uyala ongayiphumeziyo imisebenzi yakhe. Okulandelayo ezincinane intsebenziswano phakathi arhente zikarhulumente kunye ngabathengiseli babo, esimele sihlolisise - ukuphunyezwa kwekhontrakthi karhulumente.

Ukwenziwa contract karhulumente: bokuqonda

Into ukutsalela ingqalelo kwinxalenye yale migaqo yezomthetho elawula le nkalo ulwalamano ngokwasemthethweni kurhulumente kunye nogxa wayo?

Eyona caveat ibalulekileyo apha kukuba iimeko zimelwe kukuzaliseka ngokungqinelana isivumelwano, ngaphandle kokuba ngenxa ngenye yezizathu njongo, nezibhengezo apho qumrhu ukuze acacise. Oko kukuthi, ukuba naziphi na amaqela wasilela ukuzalisekisa izibophelelo zayo, kuya kufuneka uhlawule isohlwayo, ngaphandle kokuba uyakwazi ukubonisa ukuba isiphako ngenxa ukunyanzela majeure okanye ezinye iimeko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukulungisa ubungqina bokuba imiqobo ukwenziwa kwesivumelwano ngaphandle nayiphi arhente kwezoqoqosho, awaba nako kususwa ngokwesicelo sakhe.

Le elandelayo Eyona yobudlelwane esemthethweni kumbuzo - ngokubonelela ngokwemvumelwano karhulumente. Ziziphi bokuqonda yayo engundoqo?

Iziqiniseko for Izivumelwano Government

Eyona njongo zokubonelela izivumelwano karhulumente - imbuyekezo iindleko naziphi na zomthetho nezobudlelwane amaqela ezithe zavela ngenxa otyalayo neemeko zezivumelwano. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le meko kwenzeka ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile ndingekho anenani elifunekayo imali yokuhlawula iindleko njengenxenye yesivumelwano.

Ukongeza, i-Umthengisi angasebenzisa software ukwenza elinye iqela akazange acinge ukuba otyalayo uye wasilela ukuzalisekisa nemiqathango yesivumelwano. Ngokutsho mthetho, oko kumelwa yi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ethandwa kakhulu ziziqinisekiso yebhanki. Bona yeentlobo ezimbini.

Okokuqala, sisisiqinisekiso ebhankini, nto leyo umthengisi lifumana imali, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukuzalisekisa ngokwemvumelwano karhulumente. Okwesibini, kukho uhlobo resource ohambelana, ebonelela imbuyekezo efunyenwe yi-advance, leyo ngokuqhelekileyo inika isivumelwano karhulumente. Ixabiso yokubonelela isivumelwano urhulumente ezahlukeneyo. UMbane oQhelekileyo ubukhulu layo malunga ne-30% yesivumelwano karhulumente. Kwezinye iimeko, amaqela ukuseka ubudlelwane Icandelo kakhulu asezantsi - umzekelo,-10%.

Ukuba iKontrka phantsi kwesivumelwano uzalisekisa ngempumelelo imiqathango ethe yabekwa kwimvumelwano, siqinisekiso ibhanki iya kubuyiselwa kwiziko yoshishino Yamvumela.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba, ukongeza kulo mthombo njenge irejista izivumelwano zoluntu, apho sesitshilo ngasentla, umthetho Russian ubonelela nokudalwa elinye elikhulu-scale iinkcukacha ezigcinwayo ngaphakathi sikhokelo neentlobano zokwazana inxaxheba arhente zikarhulumente kunye ngabathengiseli babo. Sithetha ngalo ibhanki kuqinisekisa kwirejistri. Yena imelwe imithombo online apho simazi ulwazi malunga izikhuselo ezikhoyo zeekhontrakthi ethile karhulumente. Ukuba omnye okanye olunye uhlobo lokhuseleko kuboniswa kwirejista efanelekileyo, loo nto ithathwa mthethweni. Umthengi unelungelo ukuba angene kwisivumelwano kunye inkqenkqeza logama nje ulwazi kwi siqinisekiso nxamnye kubo ziya kufakwa kwirejista enye.