Ngaba bukho ubomi on Mars? Umbuzo namanje evulekile

Le planethi ebomvu ebesoloko itsale ingqalelo yabantu. Ngokungafaniyo iiplanethi ukusuka inkwenkwezi yafunyanwa ngama-yamandulo impucuko emhlabeni - Sumerians namaBhabhiloni. Noko ke, igama elithi "iplanethi" kwanawezayo kuthi, evela ulwimi yamaGrike amandulo, apho lithetha ebhadula ngomzimba isibhakabhaka ebusuku.

IiPlanethi baba Icandelo enamandla kakhulu iinkcubeko yamandulo. Ngaloo ndlela, Ndazalelwa eYiputa yaye ngeenkwenkwezi ithandwa kakhulu - nentekelelo ze bayahlelwa intshukumo imizimba yasezulwini. E Greece yamandulo kunye eRoma, ihlabathi eziqatshelweyo oothixo. Venus linxulunyaniswa isithixokazi uthando ngenxa umbala wayo ezimhlophe, ngoko sifunda ibala lolusu intombi nokuthantamisa. Umbala obomvu Mars ayikwazanga kunokubangela usingiselo kwintshabalalo kunye nemililo. Nantso into efika igama loThixo zemfazwe.

Nangona kunjalo, umhlaba waye akuzi kuphela iinkcubeko zamandulo. Baqhubekeka ukuba avele imisebenzi yanamhlanje zobugcisa. Kakade ke, ingcamango kubo zitshintshile. Ukuba amaGrike namaRoma ezinxulumene umhlaba ne waphezulu, namhlanje, xa kwacaca ukuba efanayo imizimba yasezulwini, njenge Earth, baqalisa waft ezinye ngqondweni ethelekelelwayo. Phakathi kwazo zonke iiplanethi kwinkqubo yethu, mhlawumbi yeyona nto Mars kulala osetyenziswe yeemveliso zenkcubeko. Yena wayemthanda kwi uhlobo yesayensi. Umbuzo wokuba ingaba kwakukho ubomi kwiMars, aye abe ngumthombo wempembelelo ababhali yesayensi kunye bhanya. Umzekelo, isitshixo i "War of the Worlds" Yaduma HG Wells ayithethi into emanyumnyezi Martians uluntu angatshabalalisi. Kwaye Edgar Burroughs, lakhe "A Princess of Mars", ezi zidalwa kuvela bomelele yaye intle, efana kakhulu ngembonakalo yaye kwangaxeshanye eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kuwo ezikhuphile ukuba wasemhlabeni.

Yintoni inzululwazi ithi - nokuba kwakukho ubomi on Mars?

Le mba wavuswa kuqala zizazinzulu phakathi kwenkulungwane XVII, xa bathe bafumanisa ukuba planethi ebomvu kuyafana kubungakanani Umhlaba, iminqwazi iqhwa izibonda, efana kubungakanani ukuthambekela ezimanyeneyo ukujikeleza kunye nenani nezinye iparameters efanayo. Ngokwendalo, umbuzo kwavela: kwakukho ubomi on Mars? Okanye mhlawumbi, kukho yena ngoku? Nangona kunjalo, i-mkhanya usebenzisa iteleskopu, enoba ofezekileyo kusenokuba, asisiniki impendulo ecacileyo.

Iingxabano izazinzulu kwaqhubeka de era yokuhamba isithuba. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, umzekelo, zithandwa kakhulu yaba ingcamango ubukho iplanethi utyani blue, njengoko kubonisiwe ngokubona elide kunye nobungqina anecdotal. Xa sha-1960-70, ngexesha kogqatso isithuba phakathi kwamagunya amakhulu amabini, umhlaba waye wathunyelwa eninzi moya. Ngelishwa, asiyiyo yonke ezi imisebenzi zobuntlola kuthiwa aba nempumelelo. Iqula lokuqala phantsi planethi ebomvu nga yiSoviet iziphekepheke, leyo kuthiwa "Mars-3" (i-moya ezimbini zokuqala aziphumelelanga), oku kwenzeka ngo-1971. Ngowe-1976, i-US uye "Viking" kufika Mars. ubomi yokukhangela ayikho nempumelelo ngoko. A imiphantsi kunye yimingxuma baba womile, nangona nezityholo abaphandi yaseMelika, oko kuzala amanzi mandulo kude. Ngaphezu koko, iimeko zendalo ezithe qhuma emhlabeni, wabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba, ukuze basinde nokuphuhlisa apha ayikwazanga nalo naluphi na uhlobo lobomi. Oku luyaphela kakhulu Siyithandile abaphandi kunye izazinzulu.

Kwaye nje ezimbalwa eminyaka kamva, ukuba nomdla nihlaziywe ke kuwo umbuzo ukuba kwakukho ubomi on Mars. I-United States lasungula iyunithi ecaleni emhlabeni ngo-2008. Yaye "Phoenix" ukufunda Uphenyo baphinde icinyiwe, zibonakala nethemba. Kwagqitywa wabonisa ukuba eninzi carbon dioxide ekhoyo umoya ehlabathini. Ke ehlabathini ngayo yimveliso secreted zizityalo. Le nyaniso kanye kwakhona yavusa impikiswano eshushu malunga nokuba kwakukho ubomi on Mars. Kwakhona namhlanje kunjalo wafumana ubungqina amanzi apho! Phoenix kunye Ukufuna ukwazi - Mars Opportunity ophelileyo Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu-- wathumela umhlaba ngethemba ukubona nayiphi zokuphila ezincane ukuba angazimelisa nzulu emhlabeni, okanye ukuvula izibakala enokuba asikhanyisele elidlulileyo le planethi ebomvu.