Democratic Republic of the - oku uhlobo urhulumente? Concept kunye neentlobo imizekelo kuluntu namhlanje

Idemokhrasi - eyona uphuhliso eluntwini. Izigqibo malunga obanelisa sakhane kunye neminqweno yabantu ngokwabo bebonke. Kuphela uluntu ngumthombo kuphela esemthethweni ngamandla.

iinkokeli unyulo wenziwa kubanjwe ukhetho.

Kuluntu lwedemokrasi kwindawo yokuqala ke amaxabiso ezifana umthetho, ubulungisa, ukulingana, inkululeko, amalungelo oluntu, ukungabikho gwenxa igunya.

Yintoni riphablik yolawulo lwentando yesininzi

Democratic Republic - luhlobo oluthile lukarhulumente. Amandla ngawakhe abasemagunyeni anyulwe ngabantu okanye abameli babo kangangexesha elithile.

Democratic Republic - uhlobo uluntu apho abantu kusoloko ngokuzimeleyo ukuba angangenelela kwinkqubeko yokusombulula imiba ngokucindezela. Eli lungelo kwenziwa okuthandwayo - zimvo.

Democratic Republic - ke amalungelo alinganayo abemi, inkululeko cinezela kunye nentetho, imiboniso. Loo inkqubo kuthetha lokulawula izakhiwo amandla kunye nokungabikho nalwazelelelo.

Democratic Republic - isixokelelwano esisebenza ngokukuko kwamandla karhulumente. Imisebenzi ye lweenkokheli ezonyuliweyo andingekhe ndiwugqithe amagunya eyabelwe.

Le bourgeois-Democratic Republic - uhlobo ekhethekileyo yokwakha isizwe apho isizwe siye ngokusesikweni inkululeko kunye nokulingana. Kodwa ke amandla yokwenene bobabo oohlohlesakhe. Ngamanye amazwi, amalungelo oluntu nenkululeko kulinganiselwe wakhetha "zabantu abakhethekileyo." lwentando yesininzi evulelekileyo ke uchasaniso idemokhrasi yokwenyani.

Democratic eManyeneyo Republic - ukwahlulwa kwamagunya zikarhulumente phakathi arhente ezininzi. Ngelo xesha ilizwe kufuneka zihlonitshwe ulawulo jikelele yolawulo lwentando yesininzi kunye onke amalungelo ayo umlindi kunye nenkululeko abemi.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziiriphabliki lwentando

Phantse wonke amazwe aye egameni layo ibinzana elithi "republic lwentando yesininzi ', intloko inkqubo yezopolitiko wabeka socialism.

inkqubo Party idla iquka liqela elinye. Ukunqongophala kakhulu eyiyo ukusuka eliphikisayo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela lokuxhaphaza kunqandwa bamandla.

Imiqathango iinkokeli ebhodi mda. Akukho ithuba yokwenene litshintshe. Kukho ngu mda lwamalungelo oluntu.

Apha ngezantsi kukho edume kweli lizwe, egameni apho ibinzana elithi "republic lwentando yesininzi" ekhoyo.

North Korea

North Korea kwasekwa ngoSeptemba 1948 le lesithoba. Igama sikweni ethandwayo - "North Korea".

Ikomkhulu Democratic Peoples Republic - isixeko Pyongyang.

Ngokusemthethweni, onke amandla kwi "Labor Party" - oko kukuthi, abalimi, neengqondi kunye nabasebenzi. intloko yayo, kwaye zidityaniswe, intloko karhulumente ummeli wesithathu wakubaphathi ubukhosi - Kim Jong-un.

Ngokusemthethweni, kukho imidlalo ezimbini ngaphezulu. "Social Democratic" yaye "abahlobo Abaselula unqulo iNdlela waseZulwini. Kakade ke, kuyo yonke imicimbi ekuvunyelwene kunye nabameli "Labor Party".

Korea Democratic Republic of ukusetyenziswa ekwakheni indlela yabo society "Juche", nto leyo ithetha ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ithemba kuphela ngamandla abo.

Ifom karhulumente - republic yasepalamente. Inani amaqela - nye.

Abantu Korean Republic Democratic unalo ixabiso asezantsi noko imveliso kwesambuku (GDP), nto leyo $ 1,200 ngomntu.

I-Human Development Index (umgangatho wokuphila, ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala, imfundo njalo) - phantsi.

Le elikomkhulu Democratic isixeko Peoples Republic, noRobert nayo sixeko sikhulu kweli lizwe.

State Abemi - iMono-yobuhlanga. Ngaphezu kwama-99% abemi - le Korea.

Imeko yezoqoqosho of North Korea

Noqoqosho kurhulumente - ekucwangciselwa yena. Ngaphandle kokukhetha, onke amacandelo (kuqoqosho, ushishino, urhwebo) aphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo.

Kude yoma zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, imeko yemali kwiriphabliki landa. umsebenzi Economy, kukho uphuhliso.

Noko ke, emva kokuba ukwanda okubonakalayo inkcitho iirhafu ukukhula kushishino yasemkhosini wajika negative. Kule minyaka engamashumi edlulileyo babone phansi labemi, engagqibekanga, ukwehla lwemali kazwelonke.

Nangona isixa esithile utyalo-mali lwangaphandle, inkqubela ebonakalayo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho akukho ulandelwe.

Inxalenye enkulu iindleko shishino zomkhosi yenziwa kwinkqubo yenyukliya. Ngokutsho kwamanani asemthethweni iimvavanyo lokuqala oluphemeleleyo lwaqhutywa ngo-2005.

Ekupheleni koo-yokuqala, eli lizwe bayamkela yindlala, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekufeni abantu amawaka aliqela. Emva kweso siganeko, kuye kubekho abathile Inzala kwinkalo yokukhula kwicandelo labucala.

Ilungelo lokuvota iza elinesixhenxe. Qho emva kweminyaka emihlanu, unyulo ekungakhutshiswanayo ukuya epalamente (People ePhakamileyo ka-Assembly).

Le elikomkhulu Democratic Republic of Korea - indawo apho ulawulo lwenziwa yi umkhosi yesihlanu inkulu ehlabathini, nto leyo abantu malunga elinanye million.

DMKR

Democratic Republic of the Congo - enye karhulumente inkulu ngu indawo Afrika (elinanye ehlabathini). Kwakhona phakathi yokuqala ngokwemiqathango labantu (phantse abantu asixhenxe anesibhozo million). Ukususela ngowe-1971 ukuya 1997 waba igama Zaire.

Yobungakanani karhulumente kunye nezibonelelo zabantu ezilungileyo "abazange kwathintela" ilizwe iminyaka emininzi ukuba kuluhlu phezulu amazwe zihluphekayo kule planethi. Ngo-2012, esi simo buhlungu sasibizwa igcwalisiwe.

Isalathisi lwabasebenzi esezantsi. GDP ngamnye ayidluli angamakhulu amathathu eerandi.

Meyi 1960 ukuba abe yalitshintsha kwimbali yelizwe ngokwenene - intloko wePalamente inkululeko umlweli odumileyo Patrice Lumumba. Sele ngoJuni, urhulumente yazimela evela eBelgium.

NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka osanda Prime Minister wagxothwa nguMongameli.

Kulo lonke eli lizwe, iliza UDUSHE, leyo ayeke ngokupheleleyo imikhosi UN kuphela ngo-1963.

Ngenxa mdibi ngowe-1965 yaye wahliswa intloko karhulumente. Kwathi ke amandla, uMobutu Sese Seko.

Into yokuqala osanda uzwilakhe engena inkqubo-party omnye - ". Popular Movement of the Revolution" Ebudeni beli xesha, eli lizwe izanyazanyiswa imvukelo yokuvukela. UMobutu rhoqo kwenziwa babulawelwa khona.

Imeko kweli lizwe

Le uburhulumente zibandakanyeke urhwaphilizo kunye ukunyoba. Kwaye, kakade, intlupheko. Intloko urhulumente waba iinqaba zakho, nawa mihla kunye "indlwane iqanda" elincinane, ngokulinganayo kwityala olungaphandle lizwe. Isiphumo ubhalo yaba inani kungagqitywanga. Yeentlekele lizwe kule minyaka engama-60 edlulileyo, zange nakanye akazange aphume.

Democratic Republic of the Congo ukugcina lehlelo olomeleleyo lobuntu. UMobutu wabizwa ngokuba "utata wabantu", "ngokwakhe enguMsindisi wawo uhlanga" kunye nezinye epithets akukho ogudileyo ngaphantsi. Yonke indawo portraits bakhe, iibheji, nkqu engamaphepha "ngokuqatha" kuphawula Sese Seko.

Kangangexesha umlawuli elide kuqhutywa inkqubo pro-American. Kodwa emva kokuba IMfazwe, ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe amabini ziye zehla kabukhali.

Ilizwe emveni kokuphuma uzwilakhe

Sese Seko wahlala ngamandla de 1997, ukuba uye wasuswa ngenxa ukuzama. Umlawuli babaleka lizwe kunyaka omnye, wafela Morocco.

Le meko akukho ngcono kakhulu kunye nokuza ukuba amandla Laurent-Désiré Kabila - izithethe efanayo ubuntu, ukungabikho unyulo.

Ukuzinziswa isihlobo weza ukufika unyana wakhe - ekupheleni kwemfazwe yamakhaya kunye ukuphucuka imeko yezoqoqosho.

Isidlo

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan - ilizwe elo xesha lide kwimephu yezopolitiko yehlabathi kunye neminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu (ukususela ngo-Apreli 1978 ukuya ku-Epreli 1992).

Inani amaqela - nye.

Imbali yombuso yaqala nge revolution leyo eyakhokelela abameli karhulumente of the "Abantu Democratic Party." Kodwa ukuxhathisa kuya kwandisa kuphela kweli lizwe.

Emva kweenyanga eziliqela ngxabano nzima kunye nokutshintsha iinkokeli ezininzi beza amandla Hafizullah Amin. Kumgaqo angaphandle, i "ivili lokuqhuba" entsha iye ogqibe ukuba ugxininise kwi-US. Ngenxa yoko, yena wabulala waya ngabaxhasi amandla socialism nge "pro-eSoviet" course. Kweli lizwe, wavala akwabi USSR.

Ithuba Soviet

iflegi indawo kwaye ngaphandle ukonyulwa iisimboli karhulumente Islamic. Kakade ke, inkoliso yabantu sawachasa olu tshintsho kwaye isenzo sokumelana umkhosi wamajoni ngaphandle. ngabom zokunyanzelisa nokuhlaselwa yimikhosi karhulumente sichithwe iinzame ngokutsha kweendlela, iibhulorho, izibhedlele, izindlu kunye nezikolo. Abo bavukeli bayonakalisa abaxhasi omtsha ngurhulumente, izibonelelo, izityalo, izithuthi.

uncedo enamandla i-USSR ngokoMthetho zoqoqosho emkhosini, wavumela urhulumente ukuphuhlisa nkqu kancinane. Kodwa inxalenye enkulu loo ntsimi for "mujaheds".

Emva nokurhoxa yiSoviet ngo-1989, xa ubuso bohlukaniswe ngezizwe, i-Democratic Republic of Afghanistan kwaqhubeka akukho ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu. Ngo-Apreli 1992, ikomkhulu yathinjwa bavukeli, kunye nokubaluleka Islam iye wachacha.

Nangona iminyaka emininzi yobomi okunene ngokwalo zomkhosi, le republic yedemokhrasi yi nostalgia kwicala elizwe - ngelo xesha kwakukho yokuphucula kakhulu kwezibonelelo. inkxaso enjalo ixabise eSoviet Union billion ezisibhozo zeerandi ngonyaka, ngaphezu elinesihlanu lamawaka amajoni abafileyo kunye nemfuno engxamisekileyo inkxaso ngokwengqondo amajoni kule minyaka izayo.

Sadr

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic i erhangqwe Algeria, Mauritania kunye Morocco. Oku ngokuyinxenye babeziqonda.

Ukususela kwimihla yokuqala abahlala kule ndawo, kwafuneka ukulwela inkululeko.

Ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ngasekupheleni yaba lithanga Spanish. zomzabalazo wenkululeko Local kunye namabango kummandla yi Morocco kwanyanzeleka baseSpeyin baleka. Ngowe-1975 isivumelwano esatyikitywa e Madrid.

Spain wabahlula koloni yayo yangaphambili phakathi Morocco ne Mauritania.

umzabalazo wenkululeko

Kakade ke, zomzabalazo wenkululeko (Frente) ndlela ngaphandle akukho amalungiselelo. Yaye ukungqubana ziye zaqhubeka ukususela amazwe ama-Arabhu.

inkxaso ebanzi Algeria wanceda phakamisa Mauritania ukusuka kwibala kweziganeko 1976 kukulahla na amabango kule ntsimi. Nangona kunjalo, la mazwe Wayeyinxalenye kudlule phantsi kwebhanile sempi ezomeleleyo Morocco.

Polisario uhlala usesandleni ka-20% yendawo efunekayo.

Ukususela ngoko, i-impi esithubeni. Omabini la macala cinga emdeni wabo. Nangaliphi na ixesha umlo siphinda siqala.

GDR

German Democratic Republic waphila ixesha ngokwaneleyo elide - 7 Oktobha 1949 ukuya ku-3 Oktobha 1990.

Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II iJamani zohlulwa zayimimandla emithathu bomsebenzi, kamva similise ezimbini.

Eyokuqala, apho ifuthe ngamazwe basentshona nkulu, kamva waziwa ngokuba West Jamani. GDR kwakhona kwanikelwa ingqalelo eSoviet Union.

Democratic Republic of Germany injongo yayo ephambili ukuba balwe ongxowankulu. Ngokusemthethweni, eli lizwe uzimele, kodwa ngokwenyani zonke izinto ziye zisonjululwe ngoncedo eMoscow.

Imeko sikarhulumente

Kulo lonke eli lizwe isebe ramified wamapolisa, ii-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho, iinkonzo zobuntlola, Isibali-ubukrelekrele. Yenza i womnatha nzile ulwazi. Imigulukudu badla babe ngamalungu osapho.

Umongameli wokuqala kwaye kuphela yaba waseJamani wamaKomanisi UWilhelm Pieck. Amaqela ezopolitiko aye eziliqela - 'endala, silinene, ekhohlo-wesizwe, agrarian-elondoloza. Noko ke, nkqu siseko kwathiwa, ukuba i ANC nguye wamaKomanisi.

ESoviet Union utyale imali eninzi ulwakha lizwe. Ukuba ecaleni kwe "ummelwane" yobungxowankulu kunyanzeleka ukuba inkcitho enkulu. Xa GDR zaye zaphuhliswa elektroniki, ngokukhanya, ukwakhiwa technology kaloliwe, izithuthi kunye imichiza shishino, imikhumbi. Izikhundla ezininzi uphuhliso kwimimandla USSR zagqitha.

Eyayingqalene impumelelo kwezoqoqosho, wonke umntu azive ephantsi koqwalaselo iinkonzo ezizodwa. Iindawo ezinika umdla amazwe yaba yingxaki kakhulu.

Kwadlula iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabini anesihlanu ukususela begazi lwe eJamani. ixesha GDR Kulinganiselwa antsonkothileyo. Umntu ukhumbula indlela ezidlule, ngoxa abanye kunye nentiyo.

DDR

republic Russian wedemokhrasi yathatha kuphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa lesithandathu kaJanuwari 1918, emva kokubhengezwa yeNdibano neqela elikhokelwa V. M. Chernovym. union olucwangcisiweyo okucetywayo kunye autonomies yesizwe oBukhosi yangaphambili Russian. Isixhobo - federal.

Democratic Republic of Russia yayilawulwa nguMongameli, kunyulwa ukulungiselela unyaka omnye. Yena ke wanikwa inkululeko amagunya ezibanzi, kuquka nokugxothwa kwabalungiseleli nobunkokeli umkhosi.

intloko karhulumente ebeza yokunyula kwipalamente bicameral. Capital weRiphabliki yaba isixeko Petrograd.

Wodliwa kwangaloo mhla, elesithandathu ngoJanuwari 1918, wakhupha umthetho ngomhla wokupheliswa All-Russian Assembly neqela. Xa igunya elinye kwimbali yemfundo federal, wayithabatha.