Ekugawuleni mode wokugaya: ukubala, ukuzimisela, imithetho

Milling - kodwa hayi operation processing kakhulu elula zesinyithi kunye nezinye izinto, izinto ezo ayisoloko imi iinkcukacha ezaziwayo umntu avareji. Isibakala sokuba ufuna icebo ekhethekileyo kule nkqubo, ekuthiwa mgawuli - ingafunyanwa kwi izityalo ezininzi, imizi-mveliso, izityalo. Njani le nkqubo? Kulo mzekelo, oku kuquka isixhobo ukusika kunye workpiece. Isixhobo ukusika yi wokugaya mgawuli ngokwayo - loo nto yenza isindululo rotation, ngokwahlukileyo ukuya workpiece ngokwayo, apho esebenzisa umatshini yenza isiphakamiso Buyisela ukuya wokusika. Isiphumo uhlobo processing eyayiza kuba nzima ukwenza nayiphi na isixhobo. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku aziyi kuqwalaselwa ulwazi phezulu - le nto ilungiselelwe abo sele eziqhelekileyo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ne inkqubo yokugaya. Lo mxholo kwaye esisiseko apha imo ukusika, okt apho kuya ukubala ingagqiba okokuba kufuneka isebenze njani kwaye yintoni mgawuli uncamathiselo kuye ukuba asebenzise kwiintlobo ezithile ze yokuqaqadeka ezahlukeneyo intsimbi. Ukukunceda uqonde le data eziya kubonelelwa ngezantsi, kufuneka ngoko nangoko ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni iza kusetyenziselwa apha le nto.

Into ekufuneka uyazi

Ngoko ndawo zonke kuya kubonisa ukuba uhlobo lwempahla ithathwa, kwakunye yokuqaqadeka layo indlela Brinnel - eyaziwa kakhulu kwaye ethandwa zonke iindlela ukujonga yobulukhuni izidumbu. Bona alinganiswa e HB, oko kukuthi, iiyunithi ze yokuqaqadeka Brinnel. Okulandelayo, iya kumiselwa isantya ukusika, okuboniswe ngeemitha nganye (m / min) ngcaciso imfutshane. Apha kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yokuba akukho nto kukukhawulezisa mgawuli, ezizezi isicwangciso eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Le parameter iza kusonjululwa kwiimeko ezininzi - ukuba umbandela lowo kusingathwa mgawuli, akukho ukutyabeka ngakumbi, yaye ukuba mgawuli yokugaya na iintlobo ezahlukileyo TI-NAMITE ngeso lenyama. Kakade ke, kuya kuchazwa kwenye parameter kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wokugaya - feed ye izinyo nganye. Kuba abantu kude kule nkalo, olu khetho ukuze kubonakale engaqhelekanga kancinane, kodwa ukuba siyaliphicotha ngokusondeleyo iinkcukacha, ngoko yonke into silubona elula. Ngoko ke, lo parameter ulinganiswa milimitha izinyo nganye kwaye igqiba indlela milimitha ezininzi ihambisa workpiece ngelixa mgawuli esijikeleziswa yi nezinyo elinye. Ukusuka kule feed kungabalelwa, kunye nabanye - ezifana emqolo ngomzuzu, kodwa feed izinyo nganye eyona meko ingundoqo. Kwaye kwakhona kuya kuxhomekeka ubukhulu be sisixhobo esisetyenziswayo. Kaloku, yonke idatha esisiseko usifumene - ngoku lixesha lokuba bafunde ezinye imo nangokukrola ukuze wokugaya ukusetyenziswa kwimeko ethile.

isicelo jikelele Steel

Ngoko ke, izinto yokuqala ukuba kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku - iye yaba isicelo jikelele. Yeyiphi indlela osetyenziswa ukusika izinto ezinjalo? Into yokuqala ukujonga yobulukhuni mbandela. Ukuba yobulukhuni ngentsimbi yi iiyunithi Brinnel ngaphantsi kwama-150, kufuneka ukuveza isantya ukusuka 150 ukuya 210 meters ngomzuzu kuxhomekeke ukutyabeka. 150, ngokulandelelana, kunye ukungabikho epheleleyo ukutyabeka, yaye abangama-210 - phambi ukutyabeka kakhulu ngempumelelo TI-NAMITE-A. Ngokumalunga feed izinyo nganye, yonke into luxhomekeke, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ubukhulu isixhobo. Ukuba ubukhulu layo lingaphantsi kwe eemilimitha ezintathu, lo feed izinyo nganye iya kuba ukususela milimitha 0,012 ukuya 0,018, ukwandisa sangqa 5 mm, kuyanda ubonelelo 0,024 mm ukuba ubukhulu inyuswe ukuya 9 mm, ngoko inowuthi inyuswe ukuya 0,050 mm, kunye ububanzi of 14 mm phula kungandisa ukuya ku 0,080 mm, kwakunye kwi ubuninzi ubukhulu 25 feed mm izinyo nganye iya kuba 0.18 mm. Ezi data ze uvumele wena ukhethe imo ahlabayo echanekileyo. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ngentsimbi eqinileyo isicelo jikelele. Xa Brinnel yobulukhuni kweeyunithi ngaphantsi kwe 190 ngesantya kufuneka ukusuka kwiimitha 120 ukuya 165 ngomzuzu kwakunye lukhuni iiyunithi Brinnel ngaphantsi kwe 240 - ukusuka 90 ukuya kwi-125 eemitha ngomzuzu. Kakade ke, eya inowuthi izinyo. Iba amancinane kwimeko yokuqala inokuba ukusuka 0,01 ukuya 0.1 ezinga- izinyo nganye, ngoxa kwimeko yesibini - ukususela 0,008 ukuya 0.08 ezinga- izinyo nganye. Ngokwendalo, oku na umbandela kuphela asetyenziselwa wokugaya, ngoko kuhle ukuba sinikele ingqalelo ezinye iintsimbi.

yodidi lukhuni

Ukusika data kwi processing lukhuni sentsimbi iza kuxhomekeka yobulukhuni mbandela. Ukuba iiyunithi Brinnel ngaphantsi kwama-235 kwaye isantya ukusika iya kuba efanelekileyo - ukusuka 100 ukuya 140 eemitha ngomzuzu. Xa index yobulukhuni sihlisa 285NV ngaphantsi - ukususela 80 ukuya 110 meters ngomzuzu. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye asifanele silibale malunga feed izinyo nganye. Enyanisweni, kunokuba malunga kakhulu ukuba kuthi, ngenxa yokuba akukho kwahluka okubonileyo kumhlathi owandulelayo. Kwimeko wangaphambili uya kuba amathuba ngokufanayo unyango lwe yokuqaqadeka nawo isicelo ngaphantsi jikelele 190NV, kunye yesibini - ngokufanayo ekusetyenzweni yokuqaqadeka nawo 240NV yesicelo ngaphantsi jikelele. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ifidi izinyo nganye iza kufana twatse, kuba ubukhulu iphezulu isixhobo kwimeko yokuqala unikezelo ayikho 0.1, njengoko bekunjalo kumzekelo wokuqala, kunye 0,15. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukubalwa iimeko elidlula, kwaye msebenzi a ezintsonkothileyo okwenziwa ilungileyo yonke imigangatho kunye ngokungqinelana imithetho engqongqo.

Azotiruemye steel

Ukubalwa ukunciphisa data xa kulungiswa azotiruemyh yodidi akukho kwahluka amatyala ezidlulileyo - kuphela kule meko ebonakalayo bit nzima ngaphezu yokugqibela, ngoko asimele simangaliswe ukuba isantya isithole ukuba ukususela 90 ukuya kwi-125 eemitha ngomzuzu ngensimbi kangako okuqinileyo kwaye ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya 95 eemitha ngomzuzu kunye kwezinto eziqinileyo. Ngokumalunga feed izinyo nganye, kwimeko zokuqala eqhelekileyo kakhulu run inyathelo - ukusuka milimitha 0,008 ukuya 0.08, kodwa ukuba intsimbi iya kuba inani elikhulu leeyunithi Brinnel yokuqaqadeka, lo nto iya kuthetha ukuba ubonelelo yayo iza kuncipha, kunye buqapheleke. Enobubanzi ubuncinane i-sixhobo iza kuba 0,006 ezinga- kunye ubuninzi - 0,06 iimilimitha. Le yeyona ifidi liphantsi izinyo nganye, kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku. Ukubalwa ukunciphisa iimeko kwale ngcaciso ngokufanelekileyo ngokubanzi kwifomula yomgangatho, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kamva kweli nqaku.

aphakathi carbon steel

carbon steel Medium kuqhelekile kakhulu, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - kukho amanqanaba ezininzi ezahlukeneyo yokuqaqadeka. Kakade ke, ngamnye kubo kuya kuba ngesantya ahlabayo. Umzekelo, iintlobo zokuqala ezimbini ngentsimbi kuba ngaxeshanye, ukuba akukho inshorensi mgawuli - 80 leemitha ngomzuzu. Kodwa ke ubuninzi uhlobo ukutyabeka nesantya yokuqala kwandisa ukuya kwiimitha 110 ngomzuzwana, kwaye eyesibini - nje ukuya ku-85 ngomzuzwana. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindidi ezimbini ngakumbi, lo wokuqala yobulukhuni ngaphantsi kwe 340NV, kwaye eyesibini - ubuncinane 385NV. Ngako oko, le yokuqala ukusika parameter iya kuba ukususela-50 ukuya kuma-70 m / min, kwaye eyesibini - 35 ukuya kuma-50 m / min. Xa kuthelekiswa nezo iintlobo ukuba sele sibonile ngaphambili, oku ngexabiso eliphantsi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngako oko ke, ezi ndidi ngentsimbi kunye feed izinyo nganye ayikho phezulu kakhulu - ngokwahlukileyo kukubonelela intsimbi yokuqaqadeka lokugqibela kwi sixhobo ubuncinane abe pitch encinane kakhulu, 0,005 nawethu kuphela. Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba apha Novunayo kwaye ngokusika data xa sakujika. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla, kusetyenziswe ifomula ukubala, wena ngayo aqhelekileyo ngasentla. ukunciphisa iimeko xa eza kugqiba ibalwa yi ifomula kancinane, ngoko ke akufunekanga azame ukusebenzisa kubalo kuzo zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi.

yodidi isixhobo

yobulukhuni Isixhobo steel yahlulwe kweentlobo nangaphezulu ngaphezu medium, ngoko nangokukrola data isixhobo yokugaya intsimbi kunokuba ezininzi. Ngokufutshane xelela malunga ziintsimbi, oko kukuthi, iintlobo ezintlanu yokuqaqadeka: ngaphantsi ngaphantsi 230NV 285NV ngaphantsi 340NV ngaphantsi 395NV ngaphezulu 395NV. Kuba ngamnye kubo isantya ukusika yalo 90 ukuya kwi-125 m / min, ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya 95 m / min, ukusuka kuma-60 ukuya ku-85 m / min, ukususela 45 ukuya kuma-65 m / min kwaye ukusuka 30 ukuya kuma-40 m / min, ngokulandelelanayo. Ngokwenene, igama data sele maphakathi niwuzalise zonke izikhewu elishiyiweyo kwesi ifomula ukubala, apho eqingqiweyo iimeko ahlabayo ukuba wokugaya. Kwifomula, zonke izinto zaye indawo amanani, kufuneka kwakhona ukwazi ubukhulu zesixhobo (kwaye ephuma ngoko data kwi feed izinyo ngalinye).

Indlela ukukhetha indlela?

Ukhetho ukunciphisa iimeko Sizihlubile ilula - lokusila nganye utshintsho eya kukuvumela ukulawula isantya njengokujikeleza isixhobo ahlabayo. Ngoncedo yale iswitshi encinane ungabeka ixabiso elisondeleyo ngomzuzu, uze umatshini wakho uya kusebenza kweli nqanaba. Ngokwenene, oku imo ukusika, kodwa le yinkqubo elula ukuba inani elikhulu izibalo, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi. Isibakala sokuba inkcazelo yokugaya isixhobo mgawuli isantya ujikelezo kufuneka ngokuchaneke kangangoko kunokwenzeka, yaye kunqabile xa ixesha elaneleyo kunye eziphathekayo ukuchola neemeko ukuzilimaza metal nakanjanina. Kungenxa yale kwaye kukho imfundiso ekufuneka zisetyenziswe phambi kokuba isicelo practical.

speed ukusika Formula

Kubalulekile ukuba athobele nemigangatho isithole, njengoko kuphela ukuba uya kuchitha xesha lininzi, yaye yintoni mbi - elininzi inkcazelo kukhethwa imowudi oyifunayo ongayaziyo. Oku kusenokuba yingozi. Ngoko ke, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba sikhokelwe ngolwazi theoretical kwindawo yokuqala. Ngoko ke niyayazi indlela, nto leyo ibalwe mode kwensimbi ethile. Indlela nga tirhisiwaka ku umkhuba, uya echazwe ngezantsi. Ifomula luthatha ukuba isantya, ochazwa meters ngomzuzu, iphindwe ukuguquka ngumba ka-1000, yaye isiphumo wahlulwe imveliso inani 'pi' amaxesha lo ubudeki yokugaya mgawuli. Kuko konke ufuna ukusika iziqalelo nolawulo, ukubala isantya yokugaya.

Ifomula lula

Kwenza akukho mqondo ukuqhuba multiplications ezimbini, xa usazi ukuba inani "pi" linani ngaphandle variables. Ekuqaleni athathiweyo ukunciphisa 1000 no 3.14, ukufumana 318 318. liphindaphindwe isantya, waza ke umphumo efunyenweyo wahlulwe sangqa onaloo. Yiloo nto, le fomyula ilula kakhulu kowangaphambili, yaye ngoncedo lwakhe kangangokuba iimeko ahlabayo uzimisele.

yokubala

Le nto ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle umzekelo. Kaloku, umzekelo, ukuthatha ukusetyenziswa sentsimbi jikelele kunye yobulukhuni ngaphantsi 150NV kunye mgawuli kunye TI-NAMITE wawutyabeka kanye ububanzi of ngemilimitha-10. Ngoko ke, kufuneka udibane kuqala kunye data, ethe yachazwa kwinqaku ngasentla - kwezi iirhafu isantya isithole 175 m / min, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba phinda 318 ngu 175, ufumana 55650. Ngoku wahlulwe ubukhulu mgawuli, oko kukuthi, 10 - ukufumana 5565. oku lithini ixabiso olifunayo. Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba uwubeke kumatshini wakho, kwaye ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ixabiso ngqo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukuthatha kancinci kancinci.

Catalog leentambula langaphandle

Ukuba usebenzisa lokusila basekhaya, ngoko kakhulu mhlawumbi, uya kukwazi ukufumana ngokulula idata kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa iimeko ahlabayo. Ukuba unayo isampulu langaphandle, weNkundla unganeengxaki ezithile. Yiyo loo nto xa uthenga umshini wokugaya langaphandle kubalulekile ukuba ucele ikhathalogu yonke ingcaciso eyimfuneko, onokuwatshintsha ke sebenzisa njenge isiseko theoretical ngenxa ewuqhuba umshini.

iishedyuli Special

usindiso okwenene kwimizobo, ezo zilungiselelwe ukuba isigqibo azinxweme iimeko ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula. Yintoni ixesha? Oku isethi imigca ethe nkqo ye imibala eyahlukeneyo, ezithi zibekwe phakathi nemigca enqamleze - enye yazo ibonisa isantya, oko kukuthi, ixabiso, ukuba uyazi, njengoko nisazi, onjani kumbandela liyaqhubeka, kwaye eyesibini - inani ngomzuzu, nto leyo eya kwenza mgawuli yakho oko kukuthi, ngamanye amazwi, indlela yayo yokusebenza. Kutheni ulutya imibala eyahlukileyo? Ukuba musa ukulibala, inani ematyeni rpm akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubala kuphela isantya ukusika - kufuneka kwakhona ububanzi isixhobo, kwaye linoxanduva umbala ubukhulu yayo nganye.

Indlela yokusebenzisa le ishedyuli?

Konke oko kubizwa kuwe - kukufumana sangqa itafile yakho isixhobo uze ukhethe umbala enqwenelekayo ngqo kwi kwitshati. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ukumisela isantya uze ukrwele umgca othe ngqo ukusuka ongu y, oko kukuthi i-axis leyo ibonisa amaxabiso ale parameter. Ukususela kumgca yakho yonqumlo umbala ngqo ukhetha kufuneka bazobe umgca othe ngqo ukuya ongu x, ukuze ufumanise inani ngqo sele rpm.