Complex "Armata". Itanki Russian yakutshanje "Armata"

imveliso itanki ukususela ekupheleni nenani-30 Wayesoloko enomdla kobunkokheli eSoviet. Njalo okunye ukuhlolwa iindidi ezintsha lamatanki zithathelwe inkonzo. Le ukudideka leyo maxa wambi liphumelele. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kwacaca ukuba "zoo" kwimikhosi etankini kufuneka zipheliswe ngokupheleleyo.

Ngexesha thina abayili iye yenza: hayi nje itanki engundoqo idabi (MBT), kodwa iqonga yonke seemodyuli apho kuya kuba lula ukwenza iintlobo ezintsha ngokupheleleyo izixhobo ngaphandle interchangeability ebanzi kunye nokumiselwa komgangatho amalungu kufuneka thina. Inyathelo elibalulekileyo sigqibo ngqindilili - esimbaxa "Armata", ukusekwa apho shishino wokhuselo yasekhaya sele ethetha ukusuka kudaladala. Noko ke, kwiminyaka yakutshanje oku kuye kwaba yokwakha ixesha elide nangoku impumelelo (njenge).

Xa konke yaqala

Ngo-2010, iSebe lezoKhuselo kwafika iindaba asebenza kwiprojekthi "Object 195" bayeka ngokupheleleyo. I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa ingqalelo ukuba i T-95, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa phantsi kwakhe ngale ndlela, phantse twatse i T-90 MBT, nangenxa abantu abazange mfuneko kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba abanye abayili wanikwa umsebenzi: ukwenza kwitanki entsha ngokupheleleyo, eyakhelwe kwimigaqo ezahlukeneyo.

The terms of reference lowu ukuba i "Armata" entsonkothileyo wayefanele ukuba bakulungele ngokupheleleyo imveliso lezibuko ungadlulanga owe-2015.

Iyintoni na yonke loo nto?

Abamajelo eendaba amaninzi kungafunyanwa uphawulo ze - "Homepage". Kodwa igama elichanekileyo - yinto "Armata". Ngoko ke wabiza yesine-isizukulwana platform enzima kulandelelwa, naphuhliso olo olwaye lusaqhubeka ukususela ngo-2009 (njengoko kwezinye iingxelo, oko kwaqaliswa kakhulu ngaphambili). Kuthathwa ukuba iimpawu "Almaty waba" ngaphezulu kakhulu kunalawo ngokuba T-90 kunye zonke iinguqulelo yakutshanje.

Xa isiseko sayo sezi- emkhosini bethu silindele ukuba ukudala njenge MBT omtsha, kunye IFV entsha ngokupheleleyo enzima (khumbula uSirayeli "IDF ACHZARIT"), into enzima abathwali yabasebenzi vehicles, kwakunye iindidi BRDM, iqonga imipu esingazihambeliyo, njl Enyanisweni, i-complex "Armata" yi isisu semoto jikelele kulandelelwa yezithuthi zomkhosi, ubunzima ephakathi kwe-30 ne-65 neetoni. Siyakukhumbuza ukuba Melika yi analogu esiqulunqwe enjalo, GCV iqonga.

Kulindeleke ukuba iitanki ezintsha T-14, wadala ngokusekelwe kwisisu semoto, kufuneka ifakwe imveliso ungadlulanga owe-2015. Isondlo, imikhosi abaxhobileyo Russian Federation kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane 2500 T-14 "Armata".

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emkhosini ukuba "Almaty waba"

Kwenzeka ukuba kwiitanki T-90, iSebe lethu lezoKhuselo zaye okunene kuyimfuneko. Ngokubanzi, kule kukho isiphoso kunye Uralvagonzavod, amalungu kuboniswe ngokucacileyo amaxabiso anyuswe iimoto zabo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuqonda abameli bempi leyo kakhulu kutheni ixabiso itanki zasekhaya kutshiphu kancinci kuphela nje "Leopard" isiJamani, nto inzima kakhulu Russian MBT.

Ngelo xesha, abantu okunene ahlale eziqhelekileyo amatanki mihla. Inani T-90 zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo kwi sethu impi asidluli iiyunithi 500, nto leyo ngokucacileyo ngokwaneleyo kwimeko vangama ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kakhulu usongo emkhosini. Ayiqhelileyo imfazwe, ubulungiseleli uneenjongo ukulungisa le meko, rhoqo ukusukela "yotshintsho elimnyama 'endala T-72.

Ngoko nangoko, siphawula ukuba zonke iimpawu "Almaty waba 'imfihlelo ngokungqongqo, kwaye ubukho amacandelo amaninzi kwenkqubo kunye nanamhla ibangela amathandabuzo sinzulu ziingcali basekhaya angaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi zale evela kwimithombo ezivulekileyo kunye abahlalutyi ukwenza uqikelelo ukuvumela umbono ngokwaneleyo ngokubanzi imoto entsha.

layout Uqikelelo

ukubonelela oomatshini ubuninzi standardised - kwakhona ukuba injongo ephambili yona "Armata" ezintsonkothileyo ngokubanzi wadala Sigxininisa. Ngaphezu koko, emgangathweni kufuneka basebenzise izixhobo kuphela isetyenziswa, kodwa ukunqunyanyiswa kunye nezinye izinto zokuyila zobugcisa. Nkqu amaMelika nto ngathi ukuba umkhosi apho (kuthenjwa ukuba siya kwenza oko).

Kubonakala ukuba uyazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi izicwangciso kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ngenxa ubeko: kunye igumbi diff kwaye phambi-injini. Ukurhoxiswa ngokuqinisekileyo kuqokelelwa rinks ezintandathu, Njengokungeniswa absorbers - vane uhlobo esungulayo nezixhobo - umehluko, transmission hydrostatic. Unikezelo - a automatic ngokupheleleyo, kwi zigaba 12. Kungenzeka, apho kuya kubakho ithuba lokuba utshintsho isantya kwi kwindlela manual.

Khangela-injini ngobuwena kwitanki

Uphawu yetanki "Armata" (umfanekiso ekujongwe kuwo iphepha) ziya kusebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo lwekhompyutha ngokupheleleyo kunye uxilongo. Ngamafutshane, nkqu kwimeko kakhulu loo monakalo kwi-ibhodi kwikhompyutha kufuneka ingxelo phi yaye yintoni engahambanga kakuhle, kunokuba kakhulu ukwenza ubomi lula ubucukubhede itanki.

Ukwandisa survivability kumatshini kwi edabini

Ukongeza, umatshini omtsha "Armata" (photo ingafumaneka kolu material) ziya kuba landa survivability ngokulahla iqokobhe kwi capsule ezizodwa, ngaphandle gumbi tank omiweyo uphela. Enyanisweni, kwimeko zoqhagamshelwano kunye iqokobhe lutshaba, okanye iziqhushumbisi anti-itanki eziqokelelanayo, detonation emthethweni kufuneka ikhokelele ekufeni aba belungu bayehluthe kubo.

Ekuqaleni, ingcamango esisekwe "Unqontsonqa 195", okwabizwa ngokuba T-95 / T-99. "Armata", wavele nje, kuya kuba kungenzeka bakhawuleze abasebenza kwi capsule ekwanti ngokupheleleyo aluminiyamu kunamandla. Le abayili babeka uyilo lo matshini lo ngokupheleleyo remote control, apho zidlula akuyi kufuneka ukuba ubonise konke konke ngaphandle matshini. Kule nkalo, "Armata" eqongeni wahlukile kakhulu. Njengoko ukuba wabethwa kwaye trite njengoko kuvakala unakho, kodwa analogue phesheya akunjalo.

iintlobo ezinokwenzeka emthethweni

Le nezikhali iya kuquka umgangatho ophezulu-neziqhushumbisi, lihlaba projectiles ezimilise kwentlawulo. Kuthathwa ukuba kuya kubakho ithuba ngokudubula imijukujelwa ekhokelwa "umhlaba-phantsi" yaye "umhlaba-to-moya" isikhokelo oluzenzekelayo.

Eneneni, itanki "Armata" entsha, ifoto apho siya ukwambatha nqaku, kwaye itanki ayikho. Enyanisweni - oku igubu umatshini yinxalenye multi-injongo ezinokuthi kulwa notshaba elihamba, amatanki, zokudubula nkqu ezi ntaka yotshaba. Enyanisweni, naye zingakwazi ukulwa kunye stormtroopers.

izixhobo bangabonwa

Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, kwi ibhodi iya kuba phantse iyafana izixhobo radar, njengoko phezu ezintsha karma jet T-50 pak. Ngokukodwa, itanki omtsha "Armata" (photo ingqina) bafumana radars asebenza kwi Ka-band (26,5-40 GHz), ngokusebenzisa i uluhlu esebenzayo ngezigaba (AESA). Esi uyilo eyodwa, esetyenziswa ekuvelisweni ngodongwe ezizodwa.

antenna Iimpawu ngokwezigaba

Ilibele ngokwayo iquka inani elikhulu leeseli, ngamnye nto leyo microwave sixhobo eyahlukileyo. Ukungaphumeleli isiqalelo omnye akuthethi kukhokelela ekuncipheni olomeleleyo ngamandla le nkqubo lonke. Ngaphaya koko, i-eriyali enjalo na ukuhamba liphezulu, lokukwazi ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha indlela scan. Xa iingxaki ekusombululeni uhlobo ukuzithethelela kunye nokuhlasela kuba radar onjalo nje efanelekileyo.

Mnandi, ukuba nje ezimbini ezinokukhethwa ukusetyenziswa: njengokuba ubhaqo ezimbaxa kunye nolawulo umlilo kunye nenkqubo yokhuseleko ngenxa esebenzayo T-14 "Armata". enothi Active uyakwazi ukubona ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukhangele ekujoliswe ezininzi kudala ngaphambi kokuba besondela etankini. Inkqubo yolawulo mlilo uyakwazi ngokuzenzekelayo zooms phezu kwabo, zonakalise, kuyo yonke indlela izimele ngokupheleleyo.

Kuvakala ukuba le nkqubo radar entsha iza kukwazi zombini "iindaba" ukuya ku ekujoliswe esebenzayo 40. A ngokomfanekiso nje ayifumaneki ukuba kuliwe iimoto abenzi amazwe! Ukongeza (njengoko iflegi owayesakuba T-99), "Armata" baya kuba nako ukuchonga kumgama 100 ekujoliswe km ubukhulu ogama ayidluli 0.3 m. Kakade ke, ukutshatyalaliswa agcina epheleleyo.

Iimpawu isikrweqe

Akukho ngaphandle isikrweqe entsha ngokupheleleyo. Ngethamsanqa, ishishini yokuzikhusela yethu iye ebezisoloko ubuchule kakhulu kule ndawo, ukuze uphuhliso isikrweqe entsha yenziwa ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Kunoko, iqonga "Armata" uya kusebenzisa iintonga nawo 44C-zonxibelelwano-III ukuba iimpawu amandla ethile. Le izinto wenziwa ngu JSC "NII Stali". phawu oluphambili ubunzima iphantsi kakhulu. Oku akuyi kuphela lula ubunzima umatshini, qala ukudala okulula kwaye nokuzinzisa BMP eqongeni, kodwa kwakhona ngokuphawulekayo ukwandisa umthamo isithuba lwangaphakathi (iimbumbulu enkulu, intuthuzelo Crew).

isityalo amandla

Ngenxa yoko, 1200 A enamandla motor-85-3A iza kusetyenziswa (idizili, kunjalo), nto leyo eza kunika iiyure eziyi-2000 yokusebenza, apho itanki "Armata". Ingasetyenziselwa Ekugqibeleni Russia kahle thekinoloji wokwenziwa diesel oqhelekileyo, ngoko cela uncedo musa ukuba ezi nabayili German. amandla obukhulu - 1500 l / s. Kulindeleke ukuba phambi kokuphela ukubaleka iya kuba umda yentsimbi ka-1,200 enjini, nto leyo eza kwandisa kakhulu ubomi injini.

isityalo amandla Iveliswe iya kuba kwi yaseChelyabinsk Tractor Plant. Ngeliphi intembelo ukusisebenzisa? Isibakala sokuba zonke izilingo le injini sele zigqityiwe ngokupheleleyo kwangethuba-2011, kodwa alisetyenziswa kule mini.

Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba le injini kwaye ufumane itanki "Armata". Russia, ukuba yenzeka ngokwenene, nini iinkokeli hayi kuphela imveliso izithuthi ezinkulu vehicles, kodwa kummandla iinjini diesel eqhelekileyo kuyo. Oku kuza kuvelisa iwonga ushishino lwethu kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele, ukufumana ii-odolo ezininzi ukusuka abathengi.

isixhobo

Ukususela ngelo xesha ababhekisi phambili baye babonisa ngokucacileyo eli ligatya umpu bodidi T-95 152 mm / 99, sinako ngokukhuselekileyo sithi ukuba itanki omtsha "Armata" uya kufumana 122-125 mm abanjalo izixhobo. Oku kusengqiqweni, njengoko iindidi ezintsha iimbumbulu kuya kunceda ukwandisa kakhulu amandla umpu, ngaphandle ukwandisa imilinganiso jikelele bebaninzi ezingcolileyo.

Ngenxa "umgqatswa" lofakelo inqaba imoto entsha kungathathwa umpu-125 mm 2A82, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa kwaye avavanywa kowama-2000. Emva kweminyaka emithandathu kuphela onobuhle ezintathu ezikhoyo sele kutolwe ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini izithonga, ngokokude ukuthembeka ubanga imodeli developers ezintsha nje. Ukongeza, ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchule yokuvelisa, kwenzeka ukunciphisa izinga ukuchithachitheka lwezinto kwangoko nge-15%. Kungenzeka, ubude yonke umpu iya kuba kwiimitha esixhenxe.

Sele wathi itanki omtsha "Armata" kukho ezininzi iinkqubo ezintsha digital kwinkonzo ukuba zinoxanduva lokuchaneka ukudubula. Ngokukodwa, i-MSA entsha rhoqo Yenze isebenze ngexesha data efunyenwe yekhompyutha wokuhlolwa, nekufuneka kakhulu ukuphucula ukuchaneka lokudubula lwesenzo. Namhla siyazi ukuba sele lenze izicwangciso ngenxa yotshintsho ngakumbi kokubini umpu nezikhali kuba ezikhoyo.

Le nenqaba entsha

Kukho ubungqina bokuba itanki Russian "Armata" ndodubula projectiles ukuba sele ziphuhlisiwe kwaye yamkelwa inkonzo kunyaka odlulileyo. Sele ngokupheleleyo swing imveliso yabo, kweqokobhe party swing ekunene kwi izixhobo zikarhulumente, apho lokusekwa loovimba ezifunekayo. Kungenzeka, ngexesha t. "Armata" izakubekwa inkonzo kwi nasinye isixhobo izele amaqokobhe lokuqhuba ukudubula yokwenene empini, kunye nokuqeqesha amaqela ezintsha.

umatshini-gun kwezikhali

Enkonzweni kuye uhamba 7.62mm PKTM gun oludityaniswe umpu. Lunikezelo ukulungele-uku-setyenziswa iincoko neekhatriji - iwaka. Inani elifanayo ligcinwa iibhokisi abaza kuzisebenzisa, ezo zigxunyekwe Ezomva isithuthi. Ngaphezu 12.7mm abaxhobileyo umpu "Cord". Ngokuba kuye, ulungele ukusebenzisa iimbumbulu nto kanye rounds 300. Inani elifanayo kwibhokisi enye ungamalungu nanceba.

ukhuseleko olusebenzayo

Eyona nto iyimbalasane kule itanki elitsha Cap "Afghani". Le nkqubo yokhuseleko esebenzayo uvumela ukujongana imijukujelwa anti-itanki kunye neziqhushumbisi, kwaye nkqu imigama kakhulu elifutshane (akukho ngaphezulu kwe 15-20 ukusuka emotweni). Le nkqubo yaphuhliswa Kolomna KBM. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ganga ngoku imijukujelwa flying ngesantya ka-1700 m / s. Ukongeza, iya mhlawumbi kusetyenziswe penetrator ekhethekileyo explosively kwasekwa, elilodwa lomenzi kwilizwe lethu. Ejolise kwi injongo - oluzenzekelayo kwaye ayifuni isiqinisekiso yomsebenzisi.

ukhuseleko nezakhi

Uyilo unit yokhuseleko okuhambisa iyafana naleyo saphuhliswa kuqala JSC "NII Stali". Iibhloko (izindlu) efakwe kwi emacaleni lamatanki, kodwa iya kuhlawuliswa into esebenzayo kuphela kwangaphambili yothethathethwano (okanye ingozi yalo). Ukondla zone "Almaty ukuba 'uza kukhuselwa nge izikrini standard nothango lwaso.