Environment, umiwe eziphilayo emhlabeni yethu

Makhe ukhenketho iplanethi yethu ezahlukeneyo ophilileyo Umhlaba, umiwe zizidalwa ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ezinye iintlobo apho kukho nje abangaphezu kwezigidi ezibini. Yaye abaninzi kangakanani kodwa fumanisa indalo? Namhlanje siya ukuthetha nawe, ikhaya eziphilayo kwiplanethi yethu, isithuba igama kunye nendawo apho baye khona. Kodwa kuqala, masithi amagama ambalwa malunga amagama asetyenziswa kuthi.

Habitat yezinto eziphilayo

Kuthetha ukuthini yokuhlala? Esi sisithuba apho, enyanisweni, ithatha ubomi eziphilayo. Ukuba imvelaphi yayo ayenziwanga onxulumene nobomi zezidalwa, oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ukujongana bume ezingaphiliyo (abiotic).

Iindidi kwabaneshologu

Xa inzululwazi kweendidi ezine amajelo afanelekileyo ubomi: umhlaba, amanzi, umoya-phantsi. Okwesine phakathi nabo bayavuma eziphilayo ezinika yokuhlala kwizidalwa, amakhalane, ezo zisetyenziselwa eminye imisebenzi yazo ebalulekileyo wequmrhu zezilwanyana okanye izityalo eziphilayo.

Indima engqongileyo

1. Umzimba akufumana bume kokutya. A nendawo ethile, yena, linokunciphisa chithwa ngolunya kwezidalwa ngamnye kulo lonke isithuba kumiwa hi eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu. Umzekelo, ngenxa kuneqabaka kakhulu kwi Arctic Circle banokuphila iintlobo kuphela nje ezimbalwa. Kule yeSahara entlango, apho iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kunokwenzeka, asinde enye, yaye kwabaninzi ngale yokuhlala izinto eziphilayo ungumlinganiswa onjani na isithintelo, kukho umqobo ukuba ayikwazi koyiswe.
2. NgoLwesithathu, umiwe eziphilayo kwiplanethi yethu, iqinisekisa kuphela ubukho kunye nolwamkelo. Oku kuchaphazela ezi zinto ziphilayo, ebangela ukuba bathungelane, ukutshintsha kuzo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ukuphila kwefom sinamandla kakhulu izinzile.
3. Ubomi kunye nomsebenzi zezidalwa, yena, naye abe nempembelelo ngokwanelisayo olumandla kwimeko ethile, maxa wambi ukwenza imisebenzi zokusingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, izityalo badla ukukhulula ioksijini emoyeni lowo ugcina imali eseleyo zayo ezinqwenelekayo. Kodwa izityalo ezininzi amanxuwa imisebenzi yabo ukudala ubume bomhlaba, kukho microclimate ekhethekileyo elungele ukuya kuphuhliso kwezinye izinto, ezifana nomngundo okanye neentsholongwane. Ukusukela ngoLwesithathu, umiwe eziphilayo emhlabeni, enyanisweni ngandlela ezininzi Ibunjwe ezi eziphilayo.

amanzi

Le yeyona ndlela yakudala bume ezaziwayo. Ngokutsho data yenzululwazi, ubomi on Earth intsukaphi amanzi iilwandle ema ngaloo maxesha amandulo yonke emhlabeni. Kwaye sele ngoko lithe ukuya ubume bomhlaba. Kodwa asingabo bonke imizimba yamanzi efanelekileyo ubomi. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, xa omkhulu ezinzulwini oLwandle Omnyama (ngezantsi meters 200) kukho umxholo eliphezulu emanzini, ngoko kukho ubomi kwakungenzeki kwaphela. Kwaye emanzini amaninzi onxweme kweelwandle neelwandlekazi, phezu koko, iyantlukwano yayo iyamangalisa. Amanzi, ikhaya ukuya eziphilayo kwiplanethi yethu - okusingqongileyo kufanelekile kakhulu. A lot of intlanzi, isilwanyana, ulele bakhetha ukuhlala apho. Phakathi abemi bume emanzini, kukho abo siphefumle umoya, kuyimfuneko ngamaxesha nkcazelo evela ezinzulwini zolwandle: Iminenga kunye dolphins, umzekelo.

Ground-air

Ulikhaya isininzi ezanyisayo (kubandakanywa umntu), iintaka, izityalo ngaphezulu. Yaye izinambuzane ezininzi luphawulwa indibanisela eendaba: ukuvela kwi emhlabeni kwaye ubukho obuqhubekekayo emhlabeni-moya. Kukwanjalo uya kuba eziphila kwisihloko olu dibaniso olijonga.

umhlaba

Umhlaba kukho ukufuma kunye nezondlo. Ngoko ke eziphilayo abaninzi bakhetha njengendawo yokuhlala kakuhle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi iintsholongwane nomngundo, nezinambuzane (umjikelo wobomi nayo iqala kwindawo emhlabeni lowo), ezinye ezanyisayo, ezinamaqokobhe, iintshulube. Ngoko, kwelinye sentimitha sikwere umhlaba omnyama ongafaka izigidi zezidalwa eziphilayo - neebhaktiriya ayibonakali ngeliso lenyama.

indawo Okwesine - izinto eziphilayo

Ezinye izinto eziphilayo zibe yokuhlala kakuhle ezincane (bacterium ngokufanayo, umzekelo). Ngokomzekelo, xa isisu imazi isinye kwisithathu ubunzima kuthatha biomass eliquka microorganisms yesisu. Kodwa phakathi kwaba bantu kukho izinambuzane ukuvelisa microflora yayintsholongwane eyosulela, ngelo elithile "inkosi" xi nga ukuba bafe nokufa.

Ulwazi oluthiwe thaca kule nqaku inokusetyenziselwa isifundo kumxholo othi "Uphi na ekhaya eziphilayo kwiplanethi yethu ophilayo?" (Grade 5).