Epics Russian ngamaqhawe: yobuhedeni yobuKristu

Ukusuka inqaku eveza isihloko "epics Russian amaqhawe", kuqala sichaze amagama ngenkcazo yesihloko ikhankanywe ngasentla. inxalenye ngenkcazo ye epics ngamaqhawe ayikwazi babebiza imali. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, abantu imali kuzo kwiingcinga anobukroti, ubuzwe, ukubambelela izithethe zonqulo.

Igama elithi "ifilimu" wadalwa yi Russian Scientist-ethnographer Ivanom Petrovichem Saharovym ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX. Ngoko ke, isiphathele imvelaphi zoncwadi. Abantu ekuqaleni lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela namabali luzayo yokusebenza igama eyahlukileyo - "endala". Umfanekiso iqhawe epics Russian yavela kwiinkulungwane ezimbini emva kokuba lizwe wazuza sokumiswa yayo. Phambi kokuba Mongol-Tatar idyokhwe eRashiya, nje yayingekabikho. Oku kuqinisekisa uguqulelo malunga ngemvelaphi yakhe zeAltai iqela lolwimi, apho sisuka kwigama elithi "batyr" zasetyenziswa ngenkuthalo. Kwinkulungwane XIII kwi Mongol Khan ke nalapho Bagaturov - amajoni, ezahlukeneyo amandla komzimba zadokumenirovano yaseBhabhiloni. Kuba Mongols, eli gama livela olwimi, apho "blagahara" kwakuthetha - lucky.

Ngoku - ngqo ngomxholo wenqaku. Kukho izigaba ezibini ekudaleni epics yamaqhawe. Eyokuqala lufaka ixesha ebanzi, ukususela kwixesha lakudala ubuhedeni kubuKristu, ie, de ebukumkanini Prince Vladimir of Kiev. Owesibini yaqala ebukumkanini ngasentla Prince - Baptist of Rus, yaye yaphela ne indawo eziphilayo ukuze ibonwe yomlomo impawu iincwadi yombhali.

ukubunjwa Pre-lamaKristu zamagorha Russian luzayo usixelele amagama iVolga Svyatoslavich, Mikita Selyaninovich, Svyatogora. Zonke ezi balinganiswa ezineefitsha lathathwa oothixo babahedeni. Amagama ngamaqhawe Russian luzayo zibonisa abalinganiswa abaphambili amabali, "Svyatogor kunye Mikula Selyaninovich", "Mikula kunye iVolga Svyatoslavich Selyaninovich".

Mother giant Svyatogor - Cheese koMhlaba, noyise - "mnyama", okt ukuba ovela kwelinye ilizwe. Le giant knight ngokulungelelanisiweyo ithathe amandla eziqalelo iLizwe Russian.

Mikula Selyaninovich (analogu - uTshawe Greek Antaeus) - hayi ingxilimbela, yena ubheka - Indoda enkulu, kodwa amandla ngasese - yena lifana kakhulu emhlabeni umanzi. Kwaye lo ubudlelwane alohlukaniswa kangangokuba "awukwazi ukulwa nayo." Kamva, ngethuba lenguqu ukuya isiko lamaKristu, umfanekiso Mikula ngcembe zidluliselwe intsingiselo yalo Nikolayu Chudotvortsu (Nikola iholide kuzo zobuhedeni kubhiyozelwa ngomhla we-9 Meyi iye yaguquka ngokuthe isidlo yimithombo St Nicholas.)

Lo mfanekiso iVolga Svyatoslavich - kunazo zonke oluthi "epics Russian kwamagorha." Sona kanye imvelaphi igama lu dityanisiwe ethnographers ubugqwirha - kwigama "bili". Yena - a werewolf owaziyo ulwimi ziintaka zezulu nangamarhamncwa. Kungenzeka, umfanekiso kanye - livela uthixo yobuhedeni Volha ukuzingela. Umama iVolga - uMarta V., noyise - inyoka. Tales yokusebenza iVolga - imbali, lifana Viking luzayo ngokuxelwa amaphulo emkhosini Asia kunye mmandla Indiya. Ngoncedo umlingo, kwakunye anobukroti emkhosini, wafuna ukufumana phezu bamelene.

Ukushwankathela uhlanga kwaphambi kwexesha lobuKristu, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi amabali igxininisa igunya phakathi amaqhawe Mikula Selyaninovich. Xa Svyatogor, yamahlwempu hero wenyusa ibhegi lift kuye emhlabeni, wawabekayo "bonke ubunzima zomhlaba." Giant akuphumelelanga, Mikula waphumelela, ngokuzalisa inyathelo efunekayo ngesandla mnye. Zihlanjiwe xa intlanganiso iVolga, bathi ngokumlinga bambuza ukuba ukunceda ekuqokelelweni irhafu. Ovumelana Mikula wakhumbula ikhuba eseleyo, yaye ndinqwenela ukuba naye kunye naye. IVolga wathumela amadoda yakhe emva kwakhe, koko ngemoto ngokwakhe. Kodwa ubunzima xa kuhlolisiswa ngaphaya amandla abo. Emva koko ke wabanjwa kunye knight yamahlwempu kwaye lula, kakhulu akanakusuke ayenza ezifunekayo. It ayibonisi nokuba intsingiselo jikelele ngentla ulwazi nokubaluleka zabasebenzi umlimi? Ukushwankathela kwaphambi kwexesha lobuKristu eyindumasi, ethnographers iqaphele igunya ingcamango catholicity (ububanzi) of Russia.

Umaleko yesibini inxulumene lama Russian yobuhlanga Vladimir. Christian "epics Russian ngamaqhawe" aqalile ukuba badumise saba nolahlo ngokubanzi, bulumko, abalinganiswa wentsomi kunye namanani wokwenene zembali, "co-wakhonza kunye inkonzo enkulu," iphandle. Central kunye lungu image centrifugally Ili Muromtsa. Nguye lo iqhawe komjikelo, kukho malunga 90 amabali. Eyona idumileyo phakathi kwabo - malunga imilo kunye Brigand, Idol udoti. Knight kaThixo mission - ukhuselo of Christianity ne-Russia, kunye nendlela ukuphunyezwa kwayo - lamaKristu, ngakumbi, inkonzo emishini. "Silushka zobuqhawe" njengesipho esivela "mfama-yokupasa" episode uphawu ekufumaneni indoda eneminyaka engama-33 ubudala efe. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, uthumela silushku yakhe Svyatogor esithe nkqi. Indlela ophambili epics Russian - ezula. Kutheni kunjalo? Kutheni akanayo akukho usapho, akukho ikhaya? Mhlawumbi isizathu - isibhambathiso emishini, kuba sidibanisa feat ekundwendweni abangamaKristu ubudenge.

Le elandelayo hero ibalulekileyo lo amaqhawe lwamaKristu Dobrynya Nikitich. Lo mfanekiso wabonakala irhuluneli ngenxa Dobrinja, uyisekazi ka-Prince Vladimir of Kiev. Inxulunyaniswa epics ezintandathu. Yena - servitor xa Vladimir i Red Sun nomkakhe - Vasilisa Mikulishna intombi Mikula Selyaninovich. Le feat kakhulu okuphawuleka win sakhe phezu inyoka umlilo-uphefumla-headed ezintathu Gorynych. Phakathi ezimnandi ngalo Iqhawe kwindawo kumlo Iley Muromtsem - ended kwezemidlalo, ukunyaniseka, fraternization, uze emva koko - iphulo ngokuhlangeneyo. Hi ndlela leyi, longquzulwano wabonisa "indawo ebuthathaka" kwi "ubudala" ngaphezulu kaEliya - "buthathaka ingalo yasekhohlo" (banokuchaphazeleka kuk umkhonto inxeba ekhoyo phezu izinto ze knight abangcwele), unyawo sprained. Esikhulu Dobrynia alisetyenziswa kulo mzekelo, ukuba nizuze uzuko uphumeleleyo.

Umjikelo yesithathu knight odumileyo - Alyosha Popovich. Le unobumba uboniswe ibali Kungquzulwano Tugarin Inyoka kunye tale "Zbrodovichey Dade." Tugarin - ngokubanzi umfanekiso loonothwal zemfazwe, rhoqo ahlasele, Ophanga ukubulala, umngeni amabanjwa. A Olena Petrovna Zbrodovichey umzalwana udade - Slavic legend uthando sublime yomfazi, ophela emtshatweni. Kwase le mbali hero tsalela Rostov boyar Alexander (Oleshi) Popovic, benze inkonzo omkhulu Vsevolod Nest Big, yaye kamva - unyana wakhe Constantine Vsevolodovich. Ukufa yobuqhawe uTshawe azuzwe ngexesha i-Battle of the Kalka.

Ukuhlaziya epics zamaKristu Russian ngamaqhawe, kufuneka sivume ukuba imifanekiso yabo negalelo ekwakhiweni kwabantu ngokubanzi kwabantu imvakalelo karhulumente Russian kunye nemfuneko kukhonza ekondleni lokhokho.