ESt UPetros Church (Riga, Latvia): inkcazelo, idilesi, iiyure lokuvula

Ukukholelwa ndawo aphezulu ahlala kuwo ubomi obunenjongo. Abantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo babanqula, oothixo, apho wakholwa, ukwakha iitempile nasezicaweni, funda imithandazo kunye nezipho ekhohlo. Nanamhla oku, kulo mhlaba siye sasinda amawaka izakhiwo apho abantu ngeenkolo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zakhiwo nje ngabathwali kuphela omoya, kodwa enye imisebenzi yokwakha. Ukuba ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu yobugcisa, abantu onke amathuba ukwenza mkhulu indalo, ngokumfaneleyo uThixo. Enye yezi ithathwa ukuba Church of St Peter. Riga Siyakumema yasingatha artists ixesha yakhe abanezakhono aneziphiwo ulwakhiwo yayo.

Indaba

Not awuwazi owona zolwakhiwo ecaweni, kodwa 1209, kubhekiswa kuyo ingalandwa encwadini yeembali okokuqala. Indawo Church ayizange itshintshe, usaqhubeka kuma kuloo ndawo apho kukho phantse iwaka leminyaka eyadlulayo, isixeko Riga, Latvia. Ngoko ke ukwakha wayebunjwa iholo encinane neenafu ezintathu ukuphakama efanayo. Akwaziwa kodwa kukholelwa ukuba nenqaba ibandla yakhiwa, lahluke. Ukwakha ibandla ukunceda baloo dolophu - abarhwebi, iingcibi kunye nabanye, babeka imali yabo ekwakhiweni. Oku kwakuthetha ukuba itempile kaThixo bekuya kuba ngakumbi sonke isixeko, ngoko indalo yayo imali eninzi umgudu, ekupheleni isakhiwo ukukhangela izityebi eqaqambileyo, ukugcina udumo. Church batyelela iiklasi ephezulu - kwabemi Riga. Kukho nto iphinda esikolweni, omnye omdala esixekweni. Ibandla wafumana itayitile Evangelical-yamaLuthere kwaye Unxiba kule mini.

Iinguqu yokuqala

Emva kwenkulungwane enesiqingatha, ibandla unenzondelelo utshintsho okokuqala - on wabonakala wotshi inqaba, waza waqalisa ukusebenza kufutshane wabasiki, ngubani na owanibonisayo abantu malunga imililo kunye nezinye iingozi. Xa kuqala kwinkulungwane ye-15 ibandla lagqiba ekubeni ukwakha, kuba le meko siye sakhetha inkosi uJohann Rummeshottelya. Wakha igumbi elitsha esibingelelweni, kodwa umsebenzi phambili phantse kude kuye ekupheleni kwenkulungwane, bonke e Riga, Latvia kunye abahlali balo ubunzima ngenxa yeemfazwe rhoqo nezifo, ngokutsha yalibaziseka kwaye ekugqibeleni kugqitywa ukwakhiwa spire. Ngoku, le zokwakha kwafuneka kwezitulo ezimbini kangangeemitha ezili-15 ize enye engundoqo -. 30 m iinqaba libe imitha-133 spire phezu esixekweni, yaye akukho sakhiwo e Riga ayikwazanga enokuthelekiswa nobukhulu ibandla.

rearrangements eqhubekayo

Matshi 11, 1666 lo spire, ngeenkani umi umoya kunye nemozulu iminyaka eli-175, wazidiliza waquleka izindlu ezikufuphi. Emva konyaka, nasenqabeni waqalisa kwakhona, kodwa iminyaka eli-10 kwabakho umlilo kwaye spire yatshatyalaliswa kwakhona, kunye ethile inxalenye ibandla. Ukuze yakhiwe lonke iingcibi kwakhona, siye sacelwa e Latvia. Intloko inkosi nabaninimzi Rupert Bindenshu spire yakhiwa kwakhona yobuciko, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo ngokuhambelana Gothic uhlobo ibandla jikelele. Ngoku, ukuphakama elipheleleyo ithawa a spire efikelela malunga 120 eemitha, ukwakhiwa kwayo kwagqitywa ngo-1697.

iminyaka 24 kule steeple ibandla St Peter ehlaselwa imibane, yena siyabutyaka kwakhona, kodwa musa hit nto. Ukuze kuvuselelwe inkosi I. Villeberny wasebenza iminyaka emi-3, spire wathweswa umqhagi apho ndakhwela inkosi ngokwayo emva kokwakhiwa, basela iglasi yewayini.

Yalila St. UPetros Church

Yonke into eyindoda phezu ubomi ibandla iziqwenga 6. Okokuqala wazibeka phezu steeple ngo-1491, ngo-1538-m ke labuyiselwa nebandla xa zalungisa ngeemakhishithi obhedu, kwaye kulo nyaka, lakhala wayaphula. Ukuze endaweni kwakhe kwafika sesibini m 1539, kodwa kwaqhubeka de ekwindla. Ukuba inkuku zokuqala ezimbini ulitshitshisile kunye spire yomoya onamandla, eyesithathu phezu nokukrola Mollino ngo-1612, wakhonza iminyaka 73. Zonke ngepaint eyahlukileyo, kodwa akazange ahlale ixesha elide. Kuba ixesha yesine eli nani sasimi ngo-1651, iye ihonjiswe. Ngelishwa, le inkuku kwakhona bakhwela 1569 Fifth ngomgca kwakhona nengubo, kodwa iminyaka 6 emva kokufakwa, waza wawa phantsi. cockerel lesithandathu yatshatyalaliswa ngumlilo nakuye 1941 an zokudubula iqokobhe. Ke ekugqibeleni, lo wesixhenxe phezu steeple kunye namhlanje, ngoku engama-46 ubudala, kukho ubunzima 158 kilograms, kukho ukuphakama kuyimitha 1.5 kunye nobubanzi-2.

IXesha ekuPhulukenwe nalo emva Second World War

I-Second World War kwasala amanxuwa kuphela ndawo, lowo ibandla St Peter. Riga waba ngokupheleleyo phantsi ngomlilo. Ngowe-1954 yena kwakhona zonke ngaphandle kwenqaba, kwagqitywa ngo-1966 ukubuyisela kwinqaba spire, wongeza kumgangatho mkhanya. Esi sisiphumo mpikiswano enkulu, iBhunga labaPhathiswa of the imthetho Latvian. Ngomhla ekubuyiselweni labazobi P. G. Zirnis Saulitis kwaye phantsi kolwalathiso E. Darbvarisa. Umsebenzi main wenziwa e Riga, ulwakhiwo macandelo kwinqaba zalungiselelwa e Minsk, umsebenzi wofakelo lwaqhutywa eLeningrad. Ngenxa yoko, le steeple yaba ukuphakama kuyimitha 124 kunye neesentimitha 25. Nomphakamo 57 no-72 eemitha zakhiwa namaqonga ukubukela. Ngowe-1973 wangena bekwilift inkonzo khon'ukuze kushenxiswe kwi sayithi kunye namandla ka 1000 kg. IiNdlela baye encotsheni lemizuzwana 63.

Ukuzaliswa umsebenzi yawa ngoJuni 29, 1973, olu suku luye izuze eSt uPetros Church. Riga waphinda wafumana umtsalane yayo engundoqo.

About St. Peter

Apostol Potr wayengomnye wabafundi abalishumi elinambini kukaYesu Kristu, unyana ka ngumlobi kunye ngumntakwab uMpostile Andreya Pervozvannogo. Ekuzalweni, yena ogama linguSimon. Igama uPetros, elithetha "ilitye", anikwe kuye uKristu, waba ngenxa nokuzimisela elomeleleyo kunye nomoya.

Lo mpostile umfundi othandwayo kaYesu Kristu, iyazeya wamlandela naphi na. Xa uYesu wabuza abapostile bakhe ukuba bacinge nto, uPetros wathi yena uKristu - uNyana kaThixo. Wathi ke uYesu kuye, "Wena - Petros, kwaye phezu kolu lwalwa ndiya kulakhela ibandla lam, namasango elabafileyo akayi kuloyisa, kwaye ndiya kukunika izitshixo zobukumkani bamazulu; nento yonke othe wakubopha emhlabeni iya kubotshwa emazulwini, kwaye nantoni na ukuba nilikhulule ku emhlabeni iya kukhululwa emazulwini. " (Mateyu 16: 18-19)

Kukho amavo, eli bali ichaza isizathu sokuba ibandla elakhiwa St. uPetros. Riga, Noko ke, ngokususela kwidatha zembali, hayi indawo, ukuba Apostol Potr watyelela, kodwa nguye ongcwele umxhasi umzi.

UPetros yaguquka kudala emva kukukhanyela kwakhe kaKristu, kodwa kanye emhlabeni Kwafika uMoya oyiNgcwele, wahlulela ubomi bakhe ukushumayela. Lo mpostile atshutshiswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yokholo lwabo umsebenzi, kodwa, zingalahlekanga. intshumayelo yakhe, wayefunda kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi; kunxweme yoLwandle iMeditera, eAsia Minor, Antiyokwe, iYiputa, Greece, Carthage neBritani.

Saint uPetros emnqamlezweni ngamahla-phantsi uyijongise ezantsi, ngoko akazange afune ukuba mawufe ukufa, ngathi ukufa nomcebisi kwakhe, eRoma, 67, emva kokuzalwa kukaKristu.

ESt Peter eseVan namhlanje

Kwaye kule mini nomthamo abathembekileyo badla kutyelela eSt uPetros Church (Riga). Iqonga ekubhekeni etempileni ziye isiza yeengozi ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kwi-90 nenqaba akhwela ofuna ukubalelana ubomi abenazo. Emva kwesi siganeko, ibandla igqunyiweyo igridi ukuthintela uphindaphindo enjalo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane engama yokuqala Latvia ngomhla kumgangatho kujongwa snuck iiBolsheviks yeSizwe, ngubani wathabatha nabazizibambiso e kubakhenkethi ngelo xesha phezu kwenqaba. Ke kwafuneka ukuba basebenze imikhosi ezizodwa, eyirhawula ibandla, ukuwexula abaphuli phandle.

main izinto

Ukususela ngoNovemba 1995, ibandla sifakelwe nelitye, nto leyo luzinikele zonke restorers le into. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukubona nomfanekiso kaYesu Kristu oqingqiweyo ka Roland, amangcwaba, A. I. Tsukerbekera epitaph ilitye iqhosha esingelwe F. Ringerbergu, IV ngelaphu, Brevern I. kunye B. Barclay de Tolly, engcwabeni ugqirha wamayeza B. T. Graf kunye nomfazi wakhe K. von isileyiti, "Guards Blue".

umsebenzi ibandla

City, leyo likwaneklinkhi i Church of St Peter - Riga. Idilesi: Street Skārņu, ndlu 19. Zonke ngokutsha labo kunye nembali wetempile ubunzima kwindawo ekuthiwa ngoku dolophu endala (kufuphi Town Hall Square kunye kweenxweme iDaugava, ukuba likhulu Latvia).

Xa lizwe watyelelwa abakhenkethi ezininzi, indawo yokuqala apho bacetyiswa ukuba, ilibandla iSt uPetros, Riga. Iiyure itempile - yonke imihla ukususela-10 kusasa ukuya kweyesi-6 emva kwemini, ngaphandle ngeMivulo. Ibandla lenza imisebenzi emininzi, umzekelo, oko imyuziyam, kwaye uyaqhuba ukubamba iinkonzo. inzuzo yayo elikhulu, ngenxa yokuba apho kukho sitsala nabahambi ezininzi ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kuba yeyona ndawo iphakamileyo esixekweni. Ukususela ukuphakama ithawa umbono omangalisayo yesixeko. Nantso ukugqithisela Church ezahlukeneyo St. uPetros, Riga. Iindleko kumgangatho phononongo lweNyanga abadala - 7 euro abafundi - 5 kubafundi - 3, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka esixhenxe ubudala simahla, Kakade ke, phantsi kweliso labazali.