Federal uMthetho "On Mortgage (mortgage)" N 102-FZ of 16.07.1998

Unelungelo lokushiya ndawo ukhuseleko baseRashiya abaninzi namhlanje oyithandayo. Noko ke, asingabo bonke wafunda uMthetho Federal "Kwi Mortgage", ngokuthe ngqo omnye kwimimandla yokubolekisa ngemali. Eli nqaku liza kunika inkcazelo emfutshane iingongoma eziphambili oyilwayo.

ku mortgage

Yintoni jikelele na isivumelwano sokubambisa? Umthetho yangoku "Kwi Mortgage" uthi elinye iqela ukuya intengiselwano kufuneka ibe ukuyithenga, oko kukuthi umbolekisi, kunye nezinye icala - le mortgagor, okanye nje unetyala. Pledger inikwa yi-mboleko, apho kungenxa yokuba kubonakala umsebenzi omnye ebalulekileyo: ukuhlangabezana neemfuno basis of the pledgee, onetyala ulungiselele ezithengiswayo.

Umthetho "Kwi Mortgage" utsho ukuba amashishini, izakhiwo, amagumbi, umhlaba kunye nezinye izinto, ukuze zibandakanywe izindlu. Ingeniso kwezi ntlobo propati ziya kulawulwa ngumthetho osebenzayo.

Iimfuno ukuba walungiselela mortgage, hayi bangaka: ibizwa ukuhlawula umbolekisi imali etyalwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngetyala. Njengoko umthetho, isivumelwano sokubambisa limisela sum obuphathekayo iimfuno ezisisiseko kunye eyongezelweleyo ukuyithenga. Nasiphi na isivumelwano eso kufuneka sibe iyavumelana olungqongqo umthetho "Kwi mortgage".

Ngomhla nomba mortgage

Yintoni impahla bangenza njengesifundo esemthethweni ye mboleko? Ngokutsho komthetho ekuthethwa apha kukubonelela:

• iziza, elisuke ngaphaya ubungakanani lincinane okanye ekwafanekisa;
• izakhiwo kunye namashishini, ezisetyenziselwa umsebenzi ezorhwebo;
• izindlu kunye namagumbi ezahlukeneyo;
• iigaraji, izindlu emyezweni kunye umyezo;
• emoyeni, elwandle okanye indawo ngeenqanawa;
• zokupaka.

Umthetho "Kwi Mortgage" uthi mxholo mortgage nazo izincedisi, ifakwe kunye into ephambili. Kule nxalenye lwepropati yezinto ayahlukahlukenanga akakwazi ukwenza njengesifundo yesivumelwano.

isiphelo of contract

Enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo yonke inkqubo mortgage lokubolekisa kukupheliswa abanobuchule yesivumelwano. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke ngokungqinelana nemimiselo ye-Russian Civil Code. Umxholo kwesivumelwano kufuneka zibonise oku kulandelayo:

• kwisifundo ngqo le mortgage, izidalwa zakhe, ubukhulu kunye iimpawu uvavanyo;
• igama ekuyo indawo yento (ukwenzela ukuqaphela ngqo mortgaged izinto);
• inkcazelo echanekileyo izibophelelo ukuba wenza isivumelwano sokubambisa, kwakunye nezizathu ukuvela ithuba yokusebenza yesivumelwano;
• inkqubo kunye iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze kufikelelwe kwisigqibo isixa, ukuba imali iza kumiselwa kwixesha elizayo;
• kumaxa iintlawulo kunye nobukhulu zabo, ukuba isifundo mortgage yokubolekisa ziya kuthengiswa inyama ngeenyama zayo;
• ebonisa amalungelo yesazisi mortgage ukuyithenga.

Kwaye yintoni kanye kuthiwa kwaba mortgage? Yintoni na le xwebhu, yaye oko kudibana njani na isivumelwano indlu? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo iqulethwe kwiSahluko III yomthetho "Kwi mortgage" (Federal Law №102).

malunga mortgage

Mortgage - eli gama uhlobo yokhuseleko. Ngalo eli xwebhu zixhomekeke kuqinisekiso banabo malungelo alandelayo:

• ilungelo akananto impahla, owona mxholo ikhontrakthi yemali;
• ilungelo yokwenza izibophelelo zemali phantsi kwe-mboleko.

Ezinye iintlobo lokuzazisa ngaphandle sokubambisa, kodwa umthetho akambeki. Kulo mzekelo, abantu ubophelelekile, ngokutsho mortgage, zombini ezo pledgor kunye unetyala. Uqulunqa mortgage lusoloko abakule pledgor.

Kwezinye iimeko, kunikezelo mortgage akunakuzalisekiswa? Umthetho ezifanelekileyo federal ibhekisa kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• umxholo mortgage imbaxa ipropati;
• isixa kwamatyala kwi mortgage abakacaci, yaye akukho imiqathango eza kunceda ukuqinisekisa le mali.

Ingongoma ingakumbi ibalulekileyo umxholo mortgage, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Umxholo mortgage

Phantsi kwala magama yangoku yomthetho "Kwi mortgage", ngexesha kunikezelo ukuyithenga yemali yokuqala kufuneka ibe:

• amagama kunye neenkcukacha ungubani pledgor kunye pledgee (iimfuno ingcaciso iya kwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke ukuba abantu ngokwendalo okanye ngokomthetho kukho amaqela kwisivumelwano);
• igama kwesivumelwano, ukuba mboleko;
• ukucacisa inani yemali efunekayo kunye nezinga lenzala;
• ebonisa ixesha ukuhlawula isixa;
• ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuchonga ipropati apho mortgage lusekiwe;
• utyikityo zamaqela lesivumelwano, kwakunye nengcaciso kwi ubhaliso karhulumente kwekhontrakthi yemali.

Iqulunqwe mortgage unoxanduva ngokupheleleyo ngazo naziphi na iilahleko ezenziweyo ngokunxulumene nokususwa mortgage okanye ngenxa ukungafani osebenzayo. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele kukuba ukuchitha kangangoko iimfuno ngamnye yoxwebhu, ukuba non-ukuhambisana zaye zachongwa phantse nangoko emva kwaleyo yokulungiselela.

ukubhaliswa State

Inqaku la-20 loMthetho Federal phezu mortgage njengesibambiso lokwenene ilifa ufunda umyalelo ubhaliso karhulumente yonke inkqubo. Njengoko usazi, mortgage unako ukuza ukusebenza kuphela emva kokuba ukungena karhulumente afanelekileyo. isivumelwano kubameli sityikitywe omabini amaqela intengiselwano, umthombo imisebenzi efanayo.

Kwimeko-mboleko, nto leyo Siyamazisa amalungelo pledgee, ugunyaziwe ubhaliso angafuna mboleko ngokwayo, kwakunye namaxwebhu ekubhekiswe kuwo. Emva iziphumo ingcaciso yobhaliso pledgee entsha ziya kufakwa kwi kwiRejista State emanyeneyo.

nokonwabela ummandla

Pledger, wafumana ilungelo lokusebenzisa enye okanye enye impahla uyakwazi zisuswe kwisifundo kwesivumelwano yonke ingeniso kunye neenzuzo, ukuba oku ukuwonakalisa ipropati kwaye akayi kuba nako ukunciphisa iindleko zalo. Le ububoleke agcine ilungelo lokusebenzisa ipropati le mortgagor. Yiyiphi enye into ekwaziyo ukwenza onetyala na?

Ngokutsho umthetho lwemali amazwe sokubambisa, lo mortgagor kufuneka agcine yepropati efunyenwe zikwimeko entle kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuzihlawula iindleko umxholo wayo - de ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi yemali. Enyanisweni, ezi zimbini uxanduva ezingundoqo onetyala. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuphunyezwa eyinkunzi kunye nokulungiswa ngoku, iinkqubo-inshorensi, amanyathelo okuthintela umonakalo mortgaged kwipropati okanye ilahleko, kwaye ngaphezulu. Umthetho uthi ukuba pledgor unyanzelekile ukuba ukukhusela ipropati yabo amabango zamaqela wesithathu, ngokunjalo kuzo zonke iindlela ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwayo.

lokuguqula impahla

Isahluko lesithandathu axoxe oyilwayo ithi malunga ithuba lokuguqula impahla bathembisa phantsi kwesivumelwano sokubambisa ngayo, kwabanye abemi. Kumalunga enika iinkqubo, sentengiso okanye sotshintshiso okwafikelelwa, kuthengiswe yi pledgor. Kodwa ngaba eso sicwangciso njani? Apha ke akukho nzima kangaka.

Ingongoma ephambili apho kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo - oku kubonisa ithuba lokuguqula impahla mortgage. Ukuba imeko loo nto abhalwe kweli xwebhu, ngoko ke pledger nje kuba nako ukusebenzisa onke amalungelo ngentla (ngaphandle welifa phantsi komyolelo).

Umntu abe nendawo pledgor lithi libe iqela imisebenzi. Ngoko ke, lo isibambiso kwempahla iya kuhlala isebenza de logama nje onetyala engazifezekisi yonke imisebenzi yayo.

Kufuneka kwakhona ukhankanye uxanduva obekwe kwi abagcinisa xa kuthe kwephulwa imigaqo. Wazibekela Code Civil Russian.

Imiqathango eseleyo yomthetho

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba balandele mortgage njengoko akananto ukuqinisekisa, mortgage obalaseleyo zangaphambili? Mthetho, ingakumbi yesixhenxe intloko yakhe, ulawula ithuba ngokuxhomekeke bokuqonda ezithile.

Isahluko Nine sicacisa ilungelo lo ukuyithenga ukuba luyakuvala kwipropati ukuze anelise ezi mfuno ezisemthethweni hayi abanamatyala babulawe. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke enkundleni. Isahluko X lilawula ukuphunyezwa ipropati ngokusebenzisa kwifandesi kawonke. Ukugqiba yophunyezo bobabo enkundleni. Ekugqibeleni, lo Isahluko seshumi elinanye mthetho uqulunqwayo "On mortgage" uhlolisisa ngokweenkcukacha izimvo ngamaqhinga ngamnye komhlaba, hayi ukuba bathobele-mboleko.

Mhlawumbi i efundeka kakhulu phakathi abagcinisa Russian na isahluko 13, ubalisa iimpawu yeeflethi mboleko kunye nezindlu. Ithi apha malunga neemfuno olu hlobo impahla. Oku, umzekelo, ubukho amagumbi ekwanti, imfuno yobhaliso imo izindlu kunye namanye amanqaku. Kulo mzekelo, intlawulo umthetho mortgage ubaphatha njenge ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo iimbopheleleko zabo pledgor.