I-biopsy ye-Lung: ukutyunjwa kwenkqubo, isiphumo kunye nemiphumo

Ukukhusela izifo kubalulekile ukugcina impilo. Izixhobo ezitsha zangekhulu lama-21 zivumela ukuxilonga nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzima. Phakathi kwezi ndlela zanamhlanje, i-lung biopsy ibonakalisa kakuhle, ejolise ekuhloleni izicubu zamaphaphu ngenxa yobukho bentlalo. Yiyiphi le ndlela, indlela efanelekileyo ngayo kwaye kufuneka ulungiselele njani lo cwaningo?

I-biopsy ye-Lung: injongo yenkqubo kunye nenjongo yalo

Izifo zemiphunga zingabonwa ngokulula usebenzisa i-computed tomography (CT) kunye ne-ultrasound. Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na i-diagnostic kufuneka iqinisekiswe, ngakumbi xa ifika kwizifo ezinzulu ezifana ne-pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis okanye umdlavuza.

I-biopsy yamapopu yindlela engayifumana okanye ayikhanye ukuxilongwa kwi-100% 100%. Isiseko salo sisekufundweni kwezicubu zeemiphunga zesigulane. Izinto zokuvavanya zingaba nawaphi na ubukhulu, kwaye iimpawu zokuqokelela kwazo zixhomekeke kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-pathology okanye izifo. Enyanisweni, kuxhomekeke kule miba, i-biopsy yemiphunga ingenziwa ngeendlela eziliqela.

Nini ukwenza i-biopsy yemiphunga

Okokuqala, olu phofu lujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa, kwaye kungekhona ekufumaneni i-pathology. Olu lugqithiso luyenziwa ngoncedo lwamanyathelo alula, phakathi kwabo - i-ultrasound kunye ne-tomography ekhompyutheni. Ziziphi izifo i-biopsy eyenziwa ngumphunga?

Ezi zifana nezifo:

1. I-pneumonia.

2. Isifo sofuba.

3. Ipulmonary fibrosis.

4. Isilwanyana samathambo angaphakathi.

5. Ukuhlanganiswa kwepus.

6. Izicubu ezinomhlaza, njl

Ezi zifo nezinye izifo ezininzi zinokusebenza njengesizathu sokwenza oko kuqhutywa, njengemiphunga yemiphunga. Uphando luqhutywa njani kwaye ziziphi iimpawu zokuziphatha kwazo?

Iintlobo ze-Lung Biopsy

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumana izinto zokuphanda. Ukukhethwa komnye wabo kuxhomekeke kwendawo yokugxilwa, indawo yokubonakala kwamathambo angaphandle, i-pus. Iyintoni i-biopsy yamapapu ?

1. Bronchoscopy.

Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-pathologies kwiphepha eliphezulu lokuphefumula, i-trachea kunye ne-bronchi. Kuqhutyelwa ngoncedo lwefowuni ekhethekileyo-ityhubhu ye-bronchoscopic, efakwe kwisigxina sempumlo okanye umlomo. Kuphela ekupheleni kwekhamera encinane, evumela ukuba ugqirha ukuba abone iindonga zangaphakathi zomoya. Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha ngaphantsi kweyure.

2. Ukuhamba ngexesha lokuhamba.

Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukukhipha izicubu zomzimba ezonakalisiweyo ezisondele kwisifuba. Esi sixhobo sinaliti ende, eqhutywe kwisixhobo esenziwe ngaphambili ngaphambi kwe-4 mm ubude. Ukugqithwa kwenziwa ngexesha elifanayo kunye ne-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan ukulandelela isikhundla senaliti ehambelana nesiza sampuli yesisampuli. Inqubo ithatha enye imizuzu engama-60.

3. Vula iipopu zepopu.

Ukuba kukho inxalenye enkulu yeetyhubhu zomzimba efunekayo ukuze kuhlolwe uviwo, i-incision isenziwe kwifuba kunye nezinto ezifunekayo zifunyenwe. Ukwahlukana phakathi kwendlela kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuthabatha inxalenye enkulu yamathambo emiphunga.

4. I-Thoracoscopy.

I-biopsy ye-Lung ingenziwa ngokuncediswa kwezixhobo zonyango zanamhlanje. I-Thoracoscopy ngumnye umzekelo onjalo xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezincinane kunye neekhamera zesayizi esincinci. Oku kwenza ukuba kusebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangaphandle kwemonakalo enkulu kwesikhumba (kuboniswa kuphela izinto ezimbini ezincinane). Kwakhona, ukuvuselelwa emva kwe-thoracoscopy iyakhawuleza kunokuba kwenziwe inkqubo enzulu yokucanda.

Ukuvalelwa emva kokuhlolwa

I-biopsy ye-Lung iquka ukunyanzelisa okanye ukuphathwa kwezitho zomntu. Ngokwemvelo, emva kokuhlinzwa, ukuvakalelwa okungathandekiyo kunokuvela: umqala womqala, i-pershenia, inyikima enkulu.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Anatomic kubandakanya umonakalo kwizicubu ze-integumentary. I-anesthetic isetyenziswe kulo msebenzi, ngoko loo mntu akave eve buhlungu kwithuba elithile. Ukuba kukho ukutshitshiswa, ngoko kungeniswa kwenaliti kunye nokuqhagamshelana nesipoti sayo kunye nemiphunga, ukuvakalelwa okuncinci kuvelelwa.

I-biopsy evulekile yenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia. Emva kokusebenza, isigulane siya kuziva ubuthakathaka nobuthathaka. Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuba i-thoracoscopy ihluke ngokupheleleyo: inkqubo inokungafihli, iyadlula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo, ukulungiswa komzimba akuthathi ixesha elide.

Ukungqinelana

Ngaba i-biopsy imphunga ikhuselekile? Imiphumo yale mviwo ingaba yinto eyahlukileyo, kuba ihambelana nokuphulwa kwentlalo yesikhumba okanye i-mucosa yephepha lokuphefumula. Ukuze ugweme iingxaki ezinokwenzeka, inkqubo ayiyenziwa ukuba kukho ukulandelelana kwesigulane:

1. Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kukhulu.

Indlala yesimo se-oksijeni.

3. Inemia.

4. Ukulahleka kwegazi okubi.

5. Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumula.

6. Uxinzelelo olwandisiweyo kwimiphunga.

7. Iimpawu kwiindlela zokuphefumula.

Naliphi na le miba inokubangela isizathu sokwala i-biopsy. Nangona kunjalo, kukufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukulungiswa kwimeko kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwesifo semiphunga ngokwayo, kwaye kungekhona kuphela kwiziphene zezempilo ezikhankanywe ngasentla.

Ukuthetha nogqirha phambi koviwo

Izigulane ezininzi zinomdla wendlela yokulungiselela ukusebenza kwangaphambili. Kukho iingongoma ezibalulekileyo apha:

1. Ungadli okanye ungaphuze kwiiyure ezingama-6 ukuya kutsho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

2. Ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-3 kufuneka ziyeke ukuthatha iipilisi ezichasayo.

3. Okufanayo kuya kumayeza athambisa igazi.

Into yokugqibela yiphumo lokungenelela ekutyunjweni kwesigulane. Ingxaki kukuba uvavanyo oluyingxaki luhlala luhamba kunye nesisu. Ubungqina balo buxhomekeke ikakhulu ekuqeqesheni ugqirha, kodwa ukuthatha imishanguzo ehlaziye igazi iyakwandisa imeko.

Ngaphambi kokusebenza, kufuneka uphinde ube ne-ultrasound, i-CT okanye i-X-ray esifubeni. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukunikela ngegazi ukuhlalutya.

Ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokusebenza, ugqirha kufuneka akhulume nawe. Kufuneka azi izi zinto ezilandelayo: nokuba ukhulelwe okanye awukho (ukuba isigulane ngumfazi), nokuba uguqulwa nawaphi na amayeza, nokuba uya kuthatha imithi ngexesha, nokuba kukho na iingxaki ngegazi coagulability.

Yintoni isigulane esivakalelwa ngayo ngexesha nangemva kwe-biopsy?

Kucacile ukuba indlela ethembekileyo yokumisela ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo yokuphefumula i-lung biopsy. Indlela yokwenza oku kuhlalutya, kwakhona, sele isele icacile, kodwa izigulane ezinenkqubo enjalo, kukho imibuzo efanelekileyo. Ingaba umntu unentlungu ngexesha lo msebenzi? Ziziphi iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zesifundo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lokuvuselela?

Umsebenzi ngokwawo uqhutyelwa phantsi kwefuthe le-anesthesia, elingafaki ngokupheleleyo iintlungu. Ngako oko, ungesabi i-biopsy, mamela nje ugqirha uze uzalise iimfuno zakhe.

Kwinkqubo yokuvuselela, umgangatho wumlomo owomileyo, ilizwi elikhukhulayo. Isigulana sinakho isikhalazo sokuphefumula okanye intlungu yesifuba. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iingxaki ezifana ne-pneumothorax okanye i-hemoptysis. Nangona kunjalo, zincabile kakhulu.

Uhlalutyo lweziphumo zophando

I-biopsy yamapulmoni yenziwa ukuze kusetyenziswe ukuxilongwa okuchanekileyo nokuchanekileyo kuhambelana nokukhubazeka kwenkqubo yokuphefumula. Emva kokuqhuba le sifundo, kuthatha iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuba iziphumo zilungele. Kukho uhlobo lohlalutyo, njenge-biopsy eyongezelelweyo. Kule meko, iziphumo ziya kuba zilungele kungekudala kwiiveki ezi-2.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-biopsy yenziwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okanye emva kwe-CT / ultrasound, eyabangela ukufunyanwa kwezilonda ezisolisayo kwimiphunga okanye kwi-airways.

Yiziphi iimpawu onokuzigweba ngazo ukuba imeko yesimo sokuphefumula iyinto eqhelekileyo? Okokuqala, ngokungabikho kweeseli ze-bhakteria kunye ne-viral, pus. Okwesibini, ngokwesiqhelo esifanelekileyo seeseli zesitho somzimba, esicacise ngokupheleleyo ukuba khona kwezinto ezihlaselayo okanye ezihlambalayo. Zonke iziphumo ze-biopsy zibhalwe kwaye zibhaliswe kwisigulana sesigulane.