Genre umbhalo. Indlela ukuchaza uhlobo lwetekisi? Imizekelo ngeentlobo in Russian text

Sijongene iintlobo zezicatshulwa yonke imihla: ezinye i "ukubiza 'ukuba bathenge into (iintengiso logungi), wayixelelwa ngabanye ngam, ibali exhasayo (fiction), lesithathu sisebenzisa ukugqithisa ulwazi interlocutor yethu (incoko).

Siza kubona, ukuva okanye athi zizifundo ezithile iileta, yaye ngamanye amaxesha musa nokuba ucinga ntoni isimbo ayisa, yintoni iintlobo yokubhaliweyo esizisebenzisayo. Senza oku ungaziva - ukuthetha ngamafuphi namaqabane ezoshishino, sivumele slang kwincoko kamnandi, elinde iinkcazelo kamnandi uncwadi kunye ntetho ecacileyo ulwazi lobunzululwazi.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukhetho kwesimbo inokuba eziphosakeleyo, oko kukuthi, abufani kwimeko yokukhuluma. oku ukuthintelwa njani? Kubonakala ukuba kukho inzululwazi - isimbo, nto leyo ukufunda isimbo, uhlobo, jenri netekisi kunceda ukuqonda ukuhlelwa kwazo.

Makhe zama ukuqonda amathuba ezibonisa isicatshulwa, ukuze bafunde ukuhlelwa iindlela kunye neentlobo, uze ubone oko iimeko kufuneka azisebenzise.

nebuncoko

Le style afanelekile kakhulu kunxibelelwano kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye umlinganiswa yonxibelelwano live phakathi kwabantu bezikhundla ezahlukeneyo zentlalo kunye nomgangatho wemfundo. It lungabonakaliswa njengendlela kwengxoxo kunye ebhalelwa (imiyalezo imeyili, ingxoxo, email).

Ngezimbo neentlobo lombhalo ziyafumaneka kunxibelelwano kubomi bemihla ngemihla, akukho imida engqongqo, ukumelana iimpazamo, ukuvumela ukuba ukuqaliswa ulwimi lwasemzini, amagama slang, izifinyezo, nkqu engcolileyo. Ukongeza, ukuba nebuncoko, usebenzisa umyalelo igama free.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

A: Ewe, druzhban, ukulungele ukuba ahambe?
B: Ewe, mna sele uphahla uya kulo ukubamba ...

Ngokuba lo style luphawulwa imibala ngokweemvakalelo, nto leyo kufikelelwe kuyo ubaxo, ukuphathwa isilwanyana, ubhavumo okanye nguwo.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

A: oo!
B: Kwenzeka ntoni, ntombi yam?
A: Mama, ndathatha indima ephambili weqonga esikolweni.
B: Kaloku, yintoni na kum umnichka!

Ukongeza, xa kukho nebuncoko kukho Ukusebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo, ezele izinqumamisi, izikhewu, nelizwi-gazi, ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha kwintetho phinda.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

A: Ngamafutshane, ndafika kulo ... Savumelana. Ngokufutshane, uyayiqonda?!
B: Well ..?
A: Kwathi, ngamafutshane, wayengekho ekhaya.

Zonke ukunikela a nebuncoko ilula kwaye icacile. Benza uthelekiso imazwi maninzi kunye nentetho nzima.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

- Coffee iya kuba?
- Yizani!
- Nge iswekile?
- No.

style zesayensi

Le style isetyenziselwa ntetho ezicacileyo bubungqina benzululwazi kwaye akhanyisele umlinganiswa.

Mu kuya kwa nshita Indies, indlela yenzululwazi umgcineleyo kwindawo ngokweemvakalelo lwembono, oko ulandelelwano ngokucacileyo ntetho. Akatsho ukuba akubanyamezeli iimpazamo kunye namazwi Indies.

Zonke iinkcukacha-ntetho lwezenzululwazi phantsi kwesiseko lweempikiswano ezingqina ukufaneleka.

style lwenzululwazi isakhiwo esibalisayo ecacileyo:

- intshayelelo, nto leyo ibonisa umbono othile;
- isixa esininzi iingxoxo kunye yakuziphendulela;
- Okokugqibela, zishwankathela zonke izibakala.

Le isimbo linikwa kwi uhlobo omnye kakuhle olunentsingiselo kunye nengxoxo uthabathe uhlobo neengxoxo. Ukusingatha yonke nxaxheba kwingxoxo zithiwe thaca omnye komnye ngendlela ngentlonelo.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

A: Le theorem akuthethi ukuba ubungqina.
B: Uxolo, uGqr Fedorov, kufuneka ukungavumelani nawe.

Indlela yenzululwazi luphawulwa ukusetyenziswa kwesigama ezizodwa amagama alisetyenziswa kulwimi oluthethwayo. Ukongeza, njengoko ezingeniswe amagama asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo enjongo ukugxininisa ulandelelwano zeengxelo; ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, ngasendleleni, njl

umzekelo:

ngendlela etenxileyo kwabanye abantu unxulunyaniswa wamonayo ezibalulekileyo zokwakha chain.

Le isimbo ukuxuma iintlobo itekisi njengeengxelo, izincoko, amanqaku, kweshumi.

isimbo-business esemthethweni

Le ndlela thethwano zoshishino. ulwazi ntetho indlela kule isimbo kulawulwa kwaye acwangciswa ngokufanayo, njengoko oko kungqinwa ubukho kwiimo ezikhethekileyo kunye izitampu. Uye lo ngqo, conciseness, cala kwebali.

Uyawubona lo isimbo unokuba, kwaye ubukho amagama akhetekileyo; ngokuba, ngenxa yokuba, umyalelo, uyavuma, umbangi, umqeshi, umntu ophetheyo, thabatha inyathelo, njl

umzekelo:

Ngokunxulumene ukuhlukunyezwa eyondeleleneyo ingqeqesho umyalelo ukususa ngummi ivanova AE ukusuka imisebenzi ezisemthethweni phambili izizathu zabo.

Ingxoxo phakathi kwamaqela ngokusesikweni-ushishino incoko yenziwa ngendlela ngentlonelo, nokuba isiqinisekiso kunye nshila ahlala kwi sabaphathi ishishini.

Umzekelo Ingxoxo:

A: Marina Petrovna, nceda, zisenza ikofu.
B: nje umzuzu, Sergey Viktorovich.

uhlobo Official lwesicatshulwa kunye neentlobo ziquka izivumelwano, izindululo zoshishino, imimiselo, imithetho, izicelo, imimiselo, imbalelwano ishishini, kwaye, kakade, incoko ishishini.

style journalistic

Ukusebenza kwale style ukunikezela ulwazi kwinginginya, iziganeko livakale ukukhanya, sesichengeni, ebiza amanyathelo.

Le style isetyenziswa ikakhulu eendaba kwaye yeyona isiqu. Kusenokuba ningayisondezi ecacileyo, consistency cala, nangokweemvakalelo, evakalisa izimvo. izivakalisi ezilula nga alternate kunye ezintsonkothileyo. esibalisayo ngokwabo izele izafobe, epithets, uthelekiso, ngamaxesha amaninzi ukufumana amagama abolekiweyo, lakhiwa kwikhonkco engaqhelekanga. Kwakhona isigqebelo efanelekileyo nokubhuqa.

Nayiphi na imithetho ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ulwazi ntetho yaphulwe injongo enye ephambili - ukutsala ingqalelo abafundi okanye abaphulaphuli.

umzekelo:

Yintoni ebangela ukuba abantu abaselula ukuba izenzo eziphikisanayo ezinjalo? kabi? yingcinezelo yoontanga? Ecology? Ndicinga ingxaki kwi idreyini ebuchotsheni.

Genre iitekisi journalistic ziquka amanqaku amaphephandaba, iimagazini, iinkqubo ubuxoki, iintetho zezopolitiko kunye neengxoxo.

style art

Wonke umntu incwadi oyithandayo. It luphawu abalinganiswa kunye nenkcazelo yehlabathi jikelele, ecacisa zigcawu, ethelekisa iimeko, inkcazelo yokuziphatha, iingcinga kunye ingxoxo yezwi.

Oku a itekisi yoncwadi.

umzekelo:

Yena Wayevuya kangangokuba bendingenakuthetha. Yena, kakhulu, wathula.

Fiction ayinazo imida ecacileyo kwaye waboleka iimpawu kwezinye iindlela. Le ncoko yababini lomntu, nebuncoko lungasetyenziswa, yaye ezinye monologues zichazwe style zenzululwazi. Kodwa iindlela ezinjalo ngokweemvakalelo-ezichazayo, njengoko walithiywa, nje lo kunye isikweko - yinto isicatshulwa yokubhala kuphela.

umzekelo:

Amagqabi zidangazela imibala bargovo-yegolide evuthiweyo phantsi imisebe ekupasiseni kwelanga.

Izindululo ngale ndlela ezele ntonye nezichasi. Ukufumana fiction popular isicelo khosi izivakalisi ezilula kunye nezintsonkothileyo.

umzekelo:

A iikhilomitha ezimbalwa ndaba lisehla kwisitrato esikhulu, yasuka yajika yaba ipaki kunye senzeni wajonga macala. Sula.

Typology of ntlobo zoncwadi kwifomu

Ukuhlelwa lohlobo itekisi wenziwe kwiinkalo ezintathu: ifomu, umxholo kunye nobudala.

Ngokuba nobudlelwane lwenzelwe uhlobo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi kunye iipropati afanayo esesikweni.

Kukho ezi ndidi zilandelayo kwi ifomu:

1. I-umdlalo - uyindalo yoncwadi, yenzelwe ukusebenza oxwlwa kwindawo yokubonela.

2. Ibali - esibalisayo iprowuzi zabalinganiswa omnye okanye ngaphezulu apha ngaphakathi iphepha mahlanu.

3. I inoveli - umsebenzi isikali yeqhawe, emxelela malunga notshintsho kwimbonakalo hero, soyise ixesha ntlekele kunye ukuvuselelwa ngokomoya. Kufuneka kubekho enye langoku okanye ngaphezulu abo baphambili (umlinganiswa ophambili, ukulwela injongo ethile) kunye ochasene (nesimilo, kunokuthintela ekuphumeleleni injongo engundoqo ophambili). Umthamo imveliso ziyahluka ukusuka kwiphepha 200 ukuya imiqulu emininzi.

4. Tale - umnqamlezo phakathi ibali kunye inoveli. Oku kusekelwe phezu ibali lezo iziganeko kunye nezehlo kubomi ophambili.

5. Isincoko - umsebenzi wobugcisa ukuba awuqulathanga i ungquzulwano.
Kukwakho nezinye iintlobo ngeentlobo zetekisi kweli nqanaba (ibali enkulukazi, i ode), kodwa ngeli nqanaba kuphuhliso loncwadi, ayikho othandwayo neendidi ngentla.

genre Umxholo Feature

Iintlobo zeetekisi umbhalo ngolwimi Russian kwaye zihlelwa Umxholo:

1. Comedy - imveliso kunye ukuncwasa eyomeleleyo ezihlekisayo okanye satirical.

Imizekelo: "Yeha evela Wit", "Ukudambisa of the Shrew," "uMhloli," "An Ideal Ndingumyeni".

2. Le ntlekele - ibali olu hlobo mveliso yakhelwe phezu kuthotho lweziganeko eziya ekugqibeleni kukhokelela esibuhlungu.

Imizekelo: "Hamlet," "Romeo and Juliet", "Mu-mu".

3. Drama - iimveliso ezisekelwe kolu hlobo yentsebenziswano lomntu ingxaki kuluntu, kunye nendalo kunye ngokunokwayo.

Imizekelo "Green Mile", "waboleka Life", "Wuthering".

Iintlobo zeetekisi umbhalo ngolwimi Russian: ukuhlelwa sodidi

Kolu luhlu kukho ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zezicatshulwa:

1. Epic - imisebenzi Wasolula ekuhambeni kwexesha, nobuninzi ifumile ngabalinganiswa abaphambili ngokwemfundo kwanancedisayo, iziganeko kunye neemvakalelo. Ibali libaliswa ngokukodwa phambi njengombukeli buso, kwaye thaca ngohlobo iinkumbulo isiganeko senzeke.

2. ezipheleleyo - itekisi yoncwadi, amava atyebileyo ngokoluvo kunye neengcamango umbhali ngokwakhe.

3. Epos lyric - uhlobo edityanisiwe, wendele iimpawu Epic kunye neentlobo lyric.

4. Drama yakhiwe kwi ubudlelwane phakathi abalinganiswa ngokwabo. Ichazwe ikakhulu ngokohlobo kwiincoko amanqaku achazayo lombhali.

Indlela ukuchaza uhlobo zetekisi: amanye amacebiso

Ukunika uhlobo imveliso ethile, kuyimfuneko nje kuphela wayandlala ezishelfini, ukubala inani lamaphepha nokuvavanya zemizwa, kodwa ukuqonda izimvo yombhali, ukuqonda ukuziphatha yabalinganiswa, ehlobene yokuziphatha ebhaliweyo.

Ziziphi iimvakalelo uye abalifumene ngokufunda indalo zoncwadi? Wena akwazi ukunceda, kodwa sihleke? Kungenzeka, funda imveliso waye umlinganiswa comedic. Awukwazi ukuzibamba iinyembezi ngenxa yokuba ukufa ngesiquphe hero intanda? Ngaba ukhe ufunde le ntlekele. Ubudlelwane phakathi abalinganiswa kuqhubeka kuwe iinzwane zakho? Ngoku, ukuba uqhelene ne uhlobo - umdlalo.

Mkhulu kangakanani na umsebenzi wenu? Mhlawumbi ezimbalwa amaphepha itekisi, ibali malunga isiganeko esithile ebomini umlinganiswa. Eli bali. Okanye ngaba kukudala multi-volume a lot of abalinganiswa nesakhiwo sebali kokunzima. Kule meko sithetha ngayo kwinoveli.

Njengoko kuphuma itekisi: owomileyo komkhethe, okanye ngokuchasene noko, ngokucacileyo nasemphefumlweni? Kwimeko yokuqala, imveliso ingachazwa luzayo, elinesibini - njengoko amazwi.

Bathi imibhalo lweendidi ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo Akukho nzima kangaka, kwanele ukuba ukuqonda intsingiselo yawo.