Iimpawu isizalo kunye onefuthe yayo

Iimpawu matrices - umbuzo abaninzi kunokubangela nzima. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukunyamekele ngokweenkcukacha.

Matrix - uhlobo itafile eziziingxande, kuquka inombolo kunye nemozulu. Kwakhona, le hlobo iseti yamanani kunye iziqalelo ze nasiphi na isakhiwo apho makabhalwe itafile ebuxande eziquka inani elithile lwemiqolo nemihlathi. Le theyibhile kufuneka zifakwe kwindawo yegama. Kunokuba ngeenxa izibiyeli, parentheses, square uhlobo okanye ngqo-uhlobo kwizibiyeli kabini. Onke amanani isizalo zibizwa - matrix element, yaye zilungelelanise zabo endle itafile. Matrix compulsorily otyunjwe yi ngonobumba omkhulu lwe-alfabhethi Latin.

Iimpawu matrices okanye iitafile zemathematika ziquka imiba eziliqela. Ukudibanisa nokuthabatha matrices element ngu element oluya ngokungqongqo. Phinda nokwahlula-hlula ka ngaphandle kwenkululeko arithmetic zesiqhelo. Ukuze phinda omnye matrix komnye, kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ulwazi imveliso scalar ye eya kumda wesangqa ukuya kwenye.

C = (a, b) = a 1 b 1 + a 2 b 2 + ... + a N b N

Iimpawu ze matrix phindo ezinye bokuqonda. Imveliso omnye matrix ukuya kwenye: ama-, oko kukuthi, (a, b) akalingani (a, b).

Iimpawu ezisisiseko matrices ziquka into efana ngomlinganiselo ezibonisa. A umlinganiselo yokuziphatha amacwecwe ezinjalo kuthathwa ukuba onefuthe. Onefuthe - umsebenzi ethile lweziqalelo aliqela matrix sikwere order n the. Ngamanye amazwi, le onefuthe kuthiwa njengeyo-. A theyibhile umahluko yesibini-order lilingana onefuthe ngayo iimveliso amanani okanye iziqalelo ze idayagonali ezimbini isizalo A11A22-A12A21. Le onefuthe ngayo isizalo ukuya njengeyo- umyalelo eliphezulu wavakalisa iibhloko yayo.

Ukuze siqonde indlela matrix ngamasebe angcakacileyo, gama loo yaziswa njenge kwirenki (isikhundla) of matrix. Grade - inani lwemihlathi linearly elizimeleyo kunye noluhlu etafileni. I matrix unako wakhona kuphela xa isikhundla ngokupheleleyo, ngamanye irenki (A) ilingana N.

Iimpawu njengeyo- ngokwematrisi ziquka:

1. Kuba onefuthe ngayo matrix square ayitshintshi ngexesha transposition yayo. Leyo yeyona ye isizalo iya kulingana na onefuthe iitafile kwifomu transposed.

2. Ukuba nawuphi na umqolo, okanye naliphi na umtya iya kubandakanya abayi- kuphela, ngoko ke onefuthe ngayo matrix enjalo iya kulingana zero.

3, lo umqondiso onefuthe kwetafile kuya kuyitshintsha olungaphesheya Ukuba isizalo nayiphi na imihlathi emibini okanye naziphi imigca emibini interchanged.

4. Ukuba nawuphi na umqolo okanye nawuphi na umqolo we isizalo liphindaphindwe naliphi na inani, ngoko onefuthe wayo liphindaphindwe inani elifanayo.

5. Ukuba kukho elementi matrix ibhalwe njengoko mali inamacandelo amabini okanye nangaphezulu, le onefuthe ngayo kule theyibhile kubhalwe njengoko sum of njengeyo- eziliqela. onefuthe ngalinye esi sixa - oku ke onefuthe ngayo isizalo, apho endaweni element amelwe isixa, ebhalwe ngomnye imiqathango yaloo mali, ngokulandelelana, onefuthe ephambili.

6. Ukuba kukho matrix kukho imigca emibini ngezinto ezifanayo okanye amabini kumhlathi omnye, lo onefuthe ngayo le theyibhile ilingana zero.

7 Kwakhona, le onefuthe ilingana zero e matrix enjalo, apho izintlu ezimbini okanye imikrozo emibini kukho umlinganiselo omnye komnye.

8. Ukuba amasuntswana umqolo okanye umhlathi liphindaphindwe naliphi na inani uze wongeze kuwo kwezinye izinto emgceni okanye umhlathi we isizalo enye, ngokulandelelana, ngoko ke onefuthe kule theyibhile akayi kutshintsha.

Xa zizonke, singatsho ukuba iimpawu isizalo iseti entsokothileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ulwazi oluyimfuneko malunga nohlobo kweeyunithi zezibalo. Zonke iimpawu isizalo ixhomekeke kumacandelo zayo izinto.