Iindidi zentlalo yabemi; ingcaciso, inkcazo kunye namalungelo

Siyazi ukuba kukho uncedo lwentlalo. Amaqela abantu ukuba unokufaka ibango kuyo, lukhulu, kodwa inkoliso ukuba awaziwa okanye yokuzenzisa kuphela. Ngenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo. Kuyinto kunokwenzeka ukuba urhulumente akwazi ukubala kwi abanye bethu.

Izinto zoncedo loluntu

Ngoko ke, ngubani na inkxaso evela kurhulumente? Lo mthetho umisela iintlobo ezinjalo zentlalo abemi:

1. Abantu Lonely yobudala phambili.
2. Abantu abakhubazekileyo.
3. Abemi abaye ubunzima ngenxa yengozi eChernobyl.
4. Abangasebenziyo.
5. Abantwana abaye deviativnoe yokuziphatha.
6. Ngaphakathi zashiya abantu kunye nabaziimbacu.
7. Iinkedama.
8. Elisezantsi imali-okanye iintsapho ezinkulu.
9. abangatshatanga.
10. Abantu ngaphandle yokuhlala ethile.
11. Abemi, abantu abane-AIDS okanye abosuleleke yi-HIV.

Yintoni ibango? inkxaso Social iindidi ezithile kwabemi ubonelela ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo aqinisekiswe kwimo ixesha elide okanye amanyathelo esisigxina ezinika iimeko ekoyiseni iimeko ubomi nzima. Le misebenzi yenzelwe ukuba abantu bazive belingana kunye nabanye abahlali kuluntu lwethu. Phantsi amanyathelo yenzelwe ukunika uncedo lwezentlalo kunye nenkxaso.

imvelaphi zomthetho

Ngokutsho inqaku wesixhenxe-siseko, i-Russian Federation i imeko yoluntu. Ngoko ke, lo mgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ezimise imidla yabantu. mthetho njengoko urhulumente kunye noxanduva ukudala ezinjalo iimeko eziya ukukhusela impilo kunye nomsebenzi yabantu. Ukongeza, ibe iqhutywa ngokumisela wemivuzo, inkxaso yosapho, ngutata, ngumama kunye ebuntwaneni. The State uye kwakhona kukuwaxhalela abemi abakhubazekileyo nabantu abaselebekhulile. imiba zabo neengxaki inxaxheba kwiinkonzo zentlalo. Ngabo ukubeka yomhlalaphantsi karhulumente, isixa izibonelelo kunye nezinye iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko loluntu. Ngabo aba imisebenzi ukuthotyelwa ukuze wonk 'ubani ukuba afumane inkxaso. Siye kwakhona izigaba zentlalo. Ukuba bangamalungu omnye wabo - musa emsebenzini kunye yemalimboleko iingenelo ezibalaseleyo.

isisekelo

Njengesiqalo ngenjongo iinzuzo imigangatho emincinane kwezentlalo. Oku elisekwe kwemithetho liqinisekisa Russian Federation ukuba kubhalwe izithethe kunye nemigangatho. Zibonisa iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zabantu ngezinto eziphathekayo, kunye neenkonzo mahala zoluntu, nokuqinisekisa umgangatho eziyimfuneko umbane zabemi. Konke oku kubonakala kwinkqubo yokhuseleko loluntu. Isebenzisa ubudlelwane lonikezelo ukuze akhonze abantu ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo baphulukana nako ukusebenza ukuba inzuzo yabo. uncedo olunjalo uhambe ngendlela kwezibonelelo eziphathekayo kunye neenkonzo. Uluhlu lwabo luxhomekeke yintoni udidi lwentlalo bathi.

Ngenxa yoko, iintsapho ezinkulu kunika iinzuzo kuthelekiswa intlawulo yezinkonzo. Ngoxa umhlala inika umdla simahla kwizithuthi zikawonke. Njengoko ubona, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zentlalo zabantu bafumana unyango ezahlukeneyo.

ukudala iinkqubo

On inkxaso kwezentlalo iindidi ezahlukeneyo kuthiwe ukuba lusoloko icwangciswe kwangaphambili. Kodwa ke kuyafuneka ukuba ukusombulula umba ophambili. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba kuyimfuneko kukuchaza ukuba imisebenzi, ngesisombululo leyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwaye ezingxamisekileyo. Kwaye zinceda ukumelana inkqubo izisombululo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba ukugcina nokuphuhlisa ubudlelwane ekhoyo kwezentlalo, lo gama i-mingeni ibalulekileyo. A phawu yale nkqubo kukuba ukubetha idibanisa umdla wamaqela awohlukeneyo. Ukongeza apho, ingqwalasela ihlawulwe NGOs kunye namaqela.

Njani ukuba yenzeke?

Thina sele uyazi iindidi zentlalo noqoqosho abemi, ngoku, makhe sihlolisise kwimbali uphuhliso le nqubo. Ifom mihla le khuselo yokuqala ukuvela 30 eUnited States. Emva koko, iseti amanyathelo ejolise ekunciphiseni iziphumo yentswelangqesho, ukulahlekelwa okanye nokwehla kwengeniso ngenxa kwesi sifo, izifo emsebenzini okanye ukwenzakala ezinxulumene nomsebenzi, kwakunye ebudaleni. Xa inguqulelo elifuna etshintshiweyo loo nkqubo isasetyenziswa nangoku njengesiseko nkqubo loluntu naliphi na ilizwe. Le nkqubo isekelwe phezu lukhusela zomthetho amanyathelo anokuthi ukukhusela amalungu nemibutho ukumoshwa, ezentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho.

Iimfaniso of Protection Social

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yaphakanyiswa inani elivayo iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Kuba irekhodi iya kwenziwa ezinye iimodeli ezininzi ezithandwayo kunye neempawu zazo emfutshane. Iinkcukacha ziya kunikwa ngokwale uV yokuhlela:. Antropov

1. model Continental. Ubonelela yokusekwa uxhulumaniso engqongqo phakathi ixesha lomsebenzi zobungcali kunye neqondo ukhuseleko loluntu. Isiseko yemodeli lizwekazi wabeka-inshorensi yoluntu, nto leyo ngemali, ngokuqhelekileyo ngeendleko yomqeshi. Isiseko imisebenzi yayo neTumim siseko solidarity yobungcali.
2. I-Anglo-Saxon model. Oku kusekelwe nokunikezelwa kwengeniso ukuze kuxhamle kwamaqela asekuhlaleni abafumana ingeniso ngaphantsi kunabanye. Isiseko kwale modeli, imigaqo jikelele kunye nomanyano. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu isicelo iinzuzo zomhlala efanayo kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo. Kule meko akuthethi yamanyama zobungcali, kunye nakuzwelonke.
3. model laseScandinavia. yokhuseleko loluntu kule meko ibonwa amalungelo asemthethweni ngummi. Ngaphezu koko, kukho inkxaso xa loluhlu olubanzi iingozi kunye neemeko ezifuna inkxaso yoluntu. Kwiinkonzo zentlalo kunye neentlawulo bangafaneleka ukuba bonke abemi beli lizwe, yaye akuyomfuneko ukuba basebenze umsebenzi okanye ukuhlawula izavenge.
4. imodeli Southern yaseYurophu. osemqoka yaso kukunqongophala lombutho ecacileyo ubukho iimpawu kweli thuba lokulungiselela utshintsho.

isiphelo

Ezahlukeneyo iindidi yezentlalo kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemizekelo. karhulumente nganye usebenzisa indlela esisesayo zokusombulula iingxaki zentlalo, ngokusekelwe amava abo, impumelelo kunye nemeko yoqoqosho. Ngoko ke ukuba une imeko apho imfuneko baguqule karhulumente yezentlalo (njengoko ilungele kwilizwe lethu), oko akumele simane ukulandela amava amazwe, kodwa kwakhona ukuba enze izilungiso izinto ezikhoyo.

Ukuba wenza ngaphandle nqanaba yokulungiselela, ngoko ekugqibeleni kuya kuba lula kuthi ukuba ezintsha ziye akuphumelelanga. Akumangalisi oku - kumazwe amaninzi kukho kwinqanaba eyahlukileyo yobomi, kwaye ayikwazi ukuba izigqibo abanye abantu, ngaphandle ecinga, ukuba isicelo lethu.