Iintlafuno yamandulo Cambodia: inkcazelo, imbali umdla facts

main Cambodia kukho iicawa zayo, kuloo mmandla welizwe eninzi. Namhlanje kukuxelela ntoni kakhulu umdla magingxigingxi ukuba mangaza imikrolo lee kunye izitena yokuqala.

Temple ezintsonkothileyo Cambodia usesikhundleni intsimi enkulu, yaye oko kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi lwazo nangoku kukwinqanam zophando.

iimpawu lizwe

Cambodia itsala abakhenkethi ngokuphuma - ayikho Thailand, uMdal kancinane kwaye likhululekile kubakhenkethi. On abahambi bakholisa ukwenza esachukumisa somhlaba zasendle, abantu encume neetempile angaqhelekanga Cambodia. Oku bands ezimangalisayo angakhange nayigatya nkqu Hollywood uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ikhetha njengoko intle ngenxa ngemizobo yakhe.

abahambi akwa bathi iimpawu ezinento ngqo indawo kweli lizwe, ukuze bazi abo izicwangciso kuphela uhambo ube:

1. Zonke neetempile kuhle ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini: amanye ngesifingo, abanye emini, abanye ngorhatya.
2. Ukuhlolwa kweenkqubo yamandulo kuthatha ixesha, ngoko ke isiganeko kufuneka anikwe ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuze abone iindawo ezininzi umdla. Ngeli xesha uyakwazi ukuhlala kwihotele kwidolophu ekufutshane Siem Reap.
3. A ngasezibukweni Angkor sinzima yenza ingqiqo ukucinga ukuqesha imoto, kuba izibonelelo ezininzi kumgama ukusuka kwenye.

iitempile Cambodia yamandulo: Angkor

Lo mmandla lizwe, nto leyo eyaba nelaye lasisiseko ubukhosi inkulu eMzantsi Asia - Khmer. ubukhulu Its nempumelelo woba IX-XV eminyaka. Ngelo xesha, Angkor wayengomnye wemizi enkulu ehlabathini, kunye iintlafuno zakhe sele kwaziwa kude ngaphaya kwemida bukhosi.

Ngowe-1431, amajoni Siam wazitshabalalisa dolophu kunye nabemi bayo kwanyanzeleka ukuba bahambe. Ukususela ngelo xesha, Angkor, kunye abangaphezu kwekhulu iitempile kunye amabhotwe ezo, enyanisweni, wabashiya phakathi kumahlathi ashinyeneyo emvula. Kwaye kuphela ekupheleni semvelo ngenkulungwane XIX Ann Muo evela eFransi wapapasha inani lemisebenzi ethe ziye zanikelwa ukuba Angkor.

Nkqu Rudyard Kipling wabhala umsebenzi wakhe odumileyo malunga Mowgli - "Jungle Book" - emva kokutyelela Angkor. Ukususela ngo-1992, le tempile uphantsi ukhuselo UNESCO. Eli phondo amandulo Khambodiya iye ekhaya nanto zesikhumbuzo bobugcisa uBukhosi Khmer.

Angkor - kwisixeko sakudala

iitempile Angkor ningamangqina ubukho iziko pre-mveliso ngobukhulu lwedolophu emhlabeni, othe kubungakanani bayo mkhulu yangoku New York namhlanje indawo enkulu imyuziyam open-air of km² 200. Oku kudala ecinga ukuba iitempile ilitye ezihonjiswe ngeendonga ngokungathi ekhula ngaphandle kwehlathi luluqilima.

Izazinzulu namhlanje ukuzama ukusombulula intsinda-badala iimfihlelo ukwakhiwa kwayo, kodwa Angkor ugcina ngenyameko imfihlelo zaso. Njengoko zebhola ye ubukhosi, Angkor namhlanje njengokuba umazibuthe ukuba abahambi abaphandi ehlabathini lonke. Ukuba ngemihla yakudala apha ehamba abarhwebi, utyelelo yanamhlanje belizwe - abakhenkethi.

Ngaphandle ubaxo, sinokuthi iintlafuno Cambodia kunye Angkor ingakumbi - ndawo onomtsalane kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Ookumkani bama-Khmer bukhosi bayisindisile akukho mali ukwakha itempile zinemali nganto kunokuba ngamalungu alo.

Angkor Wat

Itempile ebalaseleyo of Angkor Wat (Cambodia) yeyona ndawo ixabisekileyo ekuzibonakaliseni Angkor. iCathedral bayo baba luphawu kunye lwalawo Cambodia. Itempile iqulathe ezinde nooAshera ezintlanu, amaziko amathathu, leyo ukwandisa ukuphakama ukuya kumbindi engqongwe umsele ezele ngamanzi, ububanzi buziimitha 190. zokwakha yabucala kulingisa bengawatyi Lotus ibiselityatyambile.

Kwigalari lokuqala - nguwo udonga olungaphandle phezu emhadini. Kuye ende square evela ngaphandle. Isilingi therebetween ne ngathi Ingaphandle Chicken ahombise kwi ngendlela kwemitholo, kwaye kwicala elingaphakathi ubonisa abadanisi bana. Le bas-imikrolo phezu kweendonga zonke zontathu, neegalari ezo, ibonisa izicaphulo ngeentsomi kunye neziganeko ezininzi zembali.

avenue Long inxibelelanisa kwigalari yokuqala neyesibini. Kuyenzeka ukuba ekhwela kwizinyuko, apho amacala ezihonjiswe eqingqiweyo yeengonyama. Kule galari iindonga ngaphakathi ahonjiswe ngemifanekiso apsar- umthinjana izikhakhamela.

Le gallery wesithathu iqulathe ezinde ezintlanu, nto leyo ebekwa kunye ukuwasa phezulu. Kukho izinyuko enkulu kakhulu leyo babonakalise kunzima lisanyuka kummandla woothixo. Ngomhla iindonga gallery ungabona iinyoka ezininzi. imizimba yazo ziphelela imihlathi weengonyama.

anika umdla

Stones Angkor Wat, smooth naziiperile ezifana likhazimliswe, wabeka ngaphandle isisombululo nimanyane. Owona zokwakha ukwaziswa kwale ukwakhiwa lo ilitye enanikelwayo kwisiza sokwakha kunye Kulen Mountain, nto leyo km 40 kude.

Phantse yonke imigangatho, kuquka imihlathi kunye Jumpers uphahla zasikwa ngamatye. Phakathi 1986 no 1992, i-Indiya Archaeological Society olwenziwa umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa Angkor. Voshem indlu ibe UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Bayon

Le tempile yakhiwa imbeko Jayavarman VII. Kuye amanqanaba amathathu. Ingxenye esemqoka ye nohombisoa yetempile - imizobo ebonisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla ka Khmers. Bayon e Cambodia kwaye udonga eqinileyo, ukuphakama ka-4.5 yeemitha. Kuyo uyakwazi ukubona imeko imfazwe kwi Tonle Sap Lake, apho waphumelela uloyiso phezu chamami Jayavarman VII.

Ngowe-1925, Bayonne yathatyathwa engcwele dha. Ngowe-1933, xa itempile, okanye mandithi, xa kwiqula kwendlu yakhe, safumana oqingqiweyo Buddha, nto leyo ngokucacileyo zifana lubonakale Jayavarman VII. Ngexesha brahmanistkoy kubuyiselwa, ezenzeka ngoko nangoko emva kokufa yomphathi, yena kuye inqambi. Kamva, ke labuyiselwa zifakelwe phezu kwenye.

Baphuon

Iintlafuno Cambodia zahluke ngokupheleleyo yaye nabo ezichaphazela iindwendwe. Ukugcobela abalubona ezimangalisayo Baiona, hamba uye etempileni esikufutshane Baphuon. Kangangexesha elide kule ndawo iye esakhiweni apho restorers esebenza amashumi eminyaka. umsebenzi wakhe ngokuqhula ngokuba ukuhlanganiswa puzzle ezimbaxa ehlabathini. kwiminyaka emibini kuphela eyadlulayo, abakhenkethi bakwazi ukutyelela le yamandulo tempile Hindu. Sinikezelwa Lord Shiva.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iitempile yamandulo Cambodia uyingangamsha kakhulu. Ababhali-mbali bathi kumaxesha amandulo, Baphuon wayengomnye kakhulu ezintle Angkor. Kodwa ngamahlanu Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, waphants yayisecicini kukwaphulwa. abembi French kunye yeqela restorers baye bagqiba kwelokuba ekuphela kwendlela ukuyigcina - zezikhali ngokupheleleyo, ukomeleza lesiseko, kwaye kuphela koko ubuthe sakhiwo.

Ekuqaleni-imi- 60 Baphuon iye zezikhali. Ngexesha ukudilizwa iibhloko etempileni idluliselwa ehlathini, apho iqela ngalinye inombolo yayo. Ngeminyaka yee-70s ngokokwamandla kweli lizwe beza Khmer Rouge, nemisebenzi nokubuyiselwa samiswa. Kamva kwenzeka ukuba i-Khmer Rouge watshabalalisa amaxwebhu sichitha itempile, kwaye akukho inkcazelo engakumbi iza kuqokelelwa avulwe 300 000. Abakhi kwafuneka ukusebenzisa iifoto kunye ziinkumbulo balapho.

ta Prohm

Mhlawumbi ayiyeki mangaza abakhenkethi Cambodia. Tempile ehlathini, ungabona phantse kwilizwe lonke. Ke kaloku omnye wabo - Ta Prohm - ingena kanye ngokugqibeleleyo inkcazelo Kipling. Le enkulu itempile-eMonastri, ukufunxile ngokupheleleyo ehlathini.

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba yeyona echaza Angkor, oko bume emangalisayo, eyenziwe yi kwemithi emikhulu ukuba lwemigca iindonga. Baya eyavela ngenxa ematyeni usixhome phezu kweenqaba ezinde. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi ziye zakhula kunye neendonga ukuze imithi ayisuseki ngaphandle kokonakalisa izakhiwo.

Ta Prohm yakhiwa ebudeni bolawulo Jayavarman njengoko dha etempileni, emi intsimi enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, lo sesakhiwo kuyo akafani ezinye tempile Cambodia. It is a inxitywe izakhiwo ezinemigangatho mnye-, apho amaqhina oqhagamshelwano phakathi yi ngokusebenzisa amaziko kunye iindinyana. Uninzi lwazo ayifumaneki, njengoko yaphuphuma ngamatye.

Ukohluka le tempile kukuba iindonga ilitye eqingqiweyo isethi mibhalo yamandulo. Ngenye tshe ilitye, leyo kuyabonakala namhlanje Angkor Museum kaZwelonke, oqingqiweyo kwi zebhola yetempile behlelo kwiidolophana 3140, apho 79 365 abantu abaye baqeshwa, 18 ababekhonza ababingeleli abakhulu, 2800 oomabhalane. Ngaphakathi etempileni wahlala ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezu kwama-12 000 abantu.

Kwisiza yehlathi ojikeleze itempile namhlanje, kumaxesha amandulo ukuba isixeko esikhulu simaxhaphetshu kangaka, yaye sigcine izixa ezikhulu zingazizinto uvimba wakhe. Ngoku nzima ukukukholelwa, njengokuba izakhiwo ezininzi amanxuwa. Imithi iintlobo ezimbini: ngobukhulu - banyan umthi kunye neengcambu zamafu, ukukhanya omdaka, kwaye eyesibini - komkhiwane, i zalo. Lubonakala yi nobuninzi lweengcambu ezingcakacileyo, ngokugqibeleleyo agudileyo hina.

imbewu umthi kweyela sibange ekwakhiweni wamatye kunye iingcambu zikhula phantsi, yade emhlabeni. Sele wathi iintlafuno Cambodia bayakwazi sekufika nkqu kumaqhina zezazinzulu mihla. Omnye wabo - wazikrola eludongeni lwetempile ka Ta Prohm umfanekiso idayinaso, okhokela uthando ukuzisa amaqela abakhenkethi. Noko ke, kude kube ngoku akukho namnye unako ukuchaza apho Khmers wamandulo kubona idayinaso.