"Iliad" - umbongo azinikele kunyaka ophelileyo kaTrojan War

Phakathi ezikhumbuzo zindala uncwadi ithatha indawo kombongo imbeko azinikele kunyaka ophelileyo kaTrojan War. "Iliad", njengoko i "Odyssey", yabhalwa kaHomer - imvumi, ezo iinkcukacha ezimbalwa kakhulu. lowo ke waba yimbangi imisebenzi zobuqhawe isiGrike, kubalulekile ukuba beza kuthi, yaye siya kufumana ulwimi emnandi, imifanekiso emangalisayo kunye nothelekiso.

Wemali evela elidlulileyo

Mhlawumbi Bendingenakuze Ngeningalifumananga malunga iimfama iimvumi zesiGrike, ukuba kungabi ngenxa yomsebenzi yemidlalo le yokugqibela. imizi ezisixhenxe ephikisana imbeko lokuba wazalelwa khona kaHomer, oosonzululwazi besonwaya iintloko zabo, ukuba kwakunjalo eyimfama enyanisweni, nokuba inxaxheba emfazweni okanye hayi, nokuba ayibhala imibongo yakhe uzukisiwe okanye nje ingayalela kubo systematized. Yinto eyaziwayo omnye - mathamsanqa sele beyazi kakhulu le iziganeko azichazayo, Wayevelana onke amaqhawe zam wonder balihlutha intetho. Kangangokuba umbongo azinikele kunyaka ophelileyo kaTrojan War, kudala ingqalelo eleza de Genrih Shliman ogrunjiweyo iintsalela azikho mzi unamandla. Namhlanje umbongo wabetha wonke umfundi. Kodwa oko uthini lo amaqhawe, ababhali ibali waphefumlela enye kuphela kunye namagcisa, ababhali kunye iimbongi, ababhali-mbali kunye bamazwe.

KaTrojan: Uthini unobangela kwaye ekuqaleni

Njengoko usazi, kumbongo uHomer malunghana kaTrojan ngonyaka-elishumi Ukungqingwa uTroy ochazwe kuphela kunyaka ophelileyo. Yaye yintoni isizathu sokuba ixesha elide kangaka ngxabano? Nyana kaTrojan ukumkani Paris weba umfazi Menelaus kaThixo - i uHelen ezintle. Xa intombazana wooed iirula ehlabathini lonke, uyise wakhe wenza zonke amasoka afunge ukuba Impindezelo yeyam ngenxa ezikhethiweyo Helena, kodwa kunoko, ukunceda isithintelo yayo. Xa Paris uyathukwa Isikhulu Spartan, wawuqokelela umkhosi omkhulu, bonke abo uthembise ukunceda, waya uTroy. kweminyaka elishumi yathatha singqingiwe njalo ke isixeko esikhulu, kodwa ophumeleleyo ukuba uzimisele. Lo mbongo isixelela kaTrojan, ukuba bebonke isiphelo abantu uphazamisana oothixo-Olympians, naye bakhawuleza bangamaqela amabini alwayo. Ekugqibeleni, lo zifa waphoswa, kwaye Thunder wamnika uloyiso ukuya kumaGrike.

Ngomnyaka weshumi yemfazwe

Ngoko ke, kwaba ngumnyaka weshumi imfazwe. KaHomer imveliso luqala kuvele ingxabano ka Achilles kunye Agamemnon, Achilles uze ugqiba ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kule mpi. Umbongo lunikezelwa kunyaka wokugqibela kaTrojan, ukhumbula ukuba ngaphandle sinalento, ngokutsho iingqikelelo, kuba umkhosi ezidityanisiweyo Greek wayeza kukwazi wasithimba isixeko. Ukubona indlela xi amaGrike kunye Trojans nomxhelo owonwabileyo, Achilles kaPatroclus omnye Unxiba isikrweqe sayo. ingcinga yakhe ukukhuthaza amadoda otyhafileyo akuphumelelanga, kodwa uyafa. Achilles buhlungu kakhulu yaye enomsindo, igqiba kwelokuba ukuziphindezelela kwaye luya uhlaselo.

Ehlokomayo hero ubulala Trojans amaninzi, ebanyanzela ukuba siphumele. Emva koko, esihla ngendlela Kungquzulwano Hector, unyana omdala Priam nomntakwabo Paris, yena ombuleleyo. Ebusuku, ukumkani Troy uza Achilles kwaye ifuna ukunika umzimba amanene isikhupheli seTrojan. Ukuthatha nofefe umntu omdala, unyana ka uthixokazi Thetis, wathembisa ukuba amaGrike akayi kuhamba uhlaselo ide wangcwatyelwa Hector. Emva ochukumisa komngcwabo, esichazwa kaHomer ngokweenkcukacha enkulu, impi iyaqhubeka. Kodwa mbongo liphelile. Yaye kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

die iphoswe

Achilles ngokwakhe akazange umiselwe ukuba zifake i Ilion. Arrow Paris, ikhokelwa ngu-Apollo, kuba ukuya kwindawo kuphela ezibuthathaka hero - isithende. Uyafa. Isixelela umbongo azinikele kunyaka wokugqibela kaTrojan, ekugqibeleni oothixo wagqiba kwisiphumo amadabi. Bona imbasa uloyiso kwawesiGrike amaYuda, baxelele indlela bawuthimbe loo mzi banyebeleza. Kodwa eli hlabathi uya kufunda lukhulu kamva, ukususela imisebenzi Virgil kaThixo "Aeneid." Imbongi engumRoma isixelela ukuwa Troy kwi ezandleni amajoni obufihlwe ihashe yamaplanga, indlela linguEneya, ukubahlanganisela baloo dolophu abasindileyo wathumela ukuba enze umsebenzi koothixo kummandla eRoma yanamhlanje. KwanamaGrike, kokutshabalalisa isixeko kanye mkhulu, wabetha indlela. Hi ndlela leyi, malunga Amazing hero yale mfazwe - Odyssey, uHomer uxelela umbongo eyahlukileyo.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Malunga War seTrojan Homer waxelela kakhulu, nangona engazange ukuchaza lonke ikhondo kokuyaphula. Ukufunda umsebenzi buchopho, ungafunda okuninzi malunga ngobomi ZesiGrike elidluleyo, yesithethe, zenkohlakalo kunye wabanumzana, anobukroti kunye nothando olunyulu. "Iliad" - umthombo obungapheliyo olukwazi yokuzalisa iingqondo abalambileyo ulwazi.