Imisebenzi umbhali "Uthando Lokuqala". igama lombhali isebenza "Uthando Lokuqala"

Phakathi kwazo zonke ilifa elikhulu i "Golden Age" iincwadi Russian, ibali Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva, "Uthando Kuqala" kumi noko ngaphandle. Lo msebenzi iphawulwa-sikhokelo ibali nabalulamileyo egqibeleleyo. Akukho naziphi na iziganeko ezibalaseleyo akafumaneki kule ncwadi. Unga ndiyaqonda ukuba umbhali yomsebenzi "uthando lokuqala" apha zazibonisa iziganeko yobomi bakhe. Dyondzo ya le ngokuphila ngokupheleleyo.

Yintoni esiyaziyo umbhali

Kunzima ukucinga indoda Russian abafundileyo owayeza ungazazi igama lombhali isebenza "Uthando Lokuqala". Le sakudala odumileyo uncwadi Russian kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Imisebenzi ngu Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva i elementi imbopheleleko zekharityhulam yesikolo. igama ngumbhali waqhelana kwabo kakubi Uqhelene iincwadi zakhe. Kodwa ngobomi bakhe ayikho ilula kwaye artless njengoko ibali yakhe edumileyo ngothando lokuqala. Kubomi, oko imbambano ngokwaneleyo. Ecwebezelayo uninzi lwazo kukuba elula ukuba umbhali, kunye umthondo omkhulu zobugcisa ebonisa neengxaki zobomi Russian, ixesha elininzi lichithe kude kuye.

EYurophu,

Umbhali yomsebenzi "Uthando Kuqala" ukhetha siphile eRashiya. Yena a rhoqo zokuzilungisa zoncwadi ka Paris kunye yaseFransi wandivelisa ngomlinganiselo efanayo naleyo azenza amabali bakhe neenoveli. Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva kaninzi kubonwa zokulala ephawulekayo i-Cote d'Azure kunye yaku of Monte Carlo. Nazi nje kujikelezo rhoqo kwi izangqa bohemian izindawo kunye zokuzilungisa yeengcungcu zeengqukuva ezimbini yoBukhosi baseRashiya akuzange kumthintele ukuba enze ngoncwadi Russian. A yobume bemali kwenza Turgenev ukuba aqhube ubomi ezimeleyo enjalo.

Russian eyahamba

igama lombhali isebenza "Uthando Kuqala" yahlukile igama ophambili kweli bali. Kodwa oko kuphela kulo mzekelo, bonke kuboniswa kule ncwadi yinyani kunye ngqo olukhulu iphinde izivelise kwakhona bume bemihla ipomakazi lendlu entle, apho wachitha ubuntwana bakhe kulutsha nombhali. Kwaye oku yokuhlala kwaba nempembelelo ohlala kuyo yonke imisebenzi ezilandelayo zoncwadi of Turgenev. Xa ezininzi zeencwadi zakhe kwakhona iimpawu welifa usapho Turgenev lula - Spassky Lutovinovo. ubungayi kuba kukubaxwa ukuthi ivela kwezi ndawo kwenzeka ezininzi imixholo kunye nemifanekiso, leyo Turgenev nje hayi iincwadi Russian. Umbhali yomsebenzi "Uthando Kuqala" mhlawumbi kuphela kweli bali ngokuphila budlulile ngaphaya sekuba ye Manor. Kodwa kamva kule kumaphepha zeencwadi zakhe wazisa yonke igalari imifanekiso ezinjalo, ubukho apho ubunyani Russian, kwaye zingazange kwamkelwa nokuba ukukhumbula. Ngamakhoboka ukuba abafumanekayo iincwadi IsiRashiya ukuya Turgenev, oko kuphela indawo abalinganiswa kwisicwangciso wesibini nowesithathu. Kwaye ke ngamakhoboka yokuqala bytopisatelem Russian yaba lakomkhulu ilifa, umnini ngamakhoboka.

imizobo

Ukuqala bobuchule Turgenev i- akhawunti kwiminyaka yoqeqesho lwakhe phezu isebe ngomlomo University eMoscow. owokuqala wathi imifuniselo zesihobe iqula lakhe VG Belinsky. Kodwa udumo ebanzi zoncwadi weza Turgenev ngo-1847 emva kokupapashwa kulindixesha "Contemporary" amabali yokuqala babeza kuba incwadi odumileyo. umhleli II Panaev wasinikeza ncwadi ezansi "Ukususela amanqaku le umzingeli." Okunye ukutsalela ingqalelo kumabali ababhali, yaye ngokuyinxenye ukucacisa ngandlel ngokungaqheleki uluntu zokufunda kunye nemifanekiso ngazo kuya kufuneka ukuba nazo kula mabali. Le ncwadi zaqhutywa nabagxeki readers eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye ke umbhali yomsebenzi "uthando lokuqala" okwesihlandlo sokuqala bavakalelwa ukuba le udumo zoncwadi. Wamsa akamphendulanga inoveli encinane ngokuphila malunga iimvakalelo i Volodya oselula ukuba kummelwane, abo bahlala kufutshane imihlaba zabo.

Xa phambili mpikiswano yoluntu

Name Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva ukuba sele kudala ulibele, ingathi ixatyelwe kuphelela yeziKronike "iindlwane amanene". Ukuba oku kunjalo, wayeya kuba umbhali nje Russian bolwesibini udidi, owayehlala babhala ngenkulungwane ye-yeshumi elinesithoba. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye malunga Turgenev ukuba ukhumbule kuphela into quiz umabonakude kubafundi high school umbuzo: "Yintoni na imisebenzi umbhali" Uthando Kuqala "". Kodwa indida kukuba Ivan Turgenev, njengoko umnikazi bondage, wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuba utshintshe umyalelo ekhoyo ngokupheleleyo eRashiya. Ilifa uLord Turgenev wathetha ngokungafihlisiyo kumanqaku bakhe journalistic kunye lwemisebenzi yoncwadi nxamnye serfdom. Kwaye ke ilizwi edumileyo umbhali livakale enamandla kubonakala ebomini kawonke Russian. Yaba esinye sezizathu wamnyamezela ukuba aphile amazwe. Kuxhamle iinzuzo evela nempahla avunyelwe kuye into wayengayikhanyeli, bahamba eYurophu. Leyo ke loMbhiyozi isiphelo. Le ndoda, ngubani balwela inkululeko le ngamakhoboka, waphila kakuhle ngeendleko ngemigudu yabo.

izimvo ekhululekile eRussia

Akusoloko kulula ukuqonda oko kwenzekayo kweli lizwe isiqingatha senkulungwane eyadlulayo, ngexesha lika Turgenev. Abanye umfundi umfundi esikolweni, zooswingi ukusuka isincoko Internet kwi umbuzo wophendlo aliqulunqileyo engalunganga 'apho umbhali isebenza "Uthando Kuqala", iinkcukacha bakhetha ukuba ukuntywila. Xa ixesha izimvo lwentando yesininzi, enye yazo Turgenev amarhamente iphumelele. Ngo-1861 serfdom ilungelo sele irhoxisiwe. Phakathi onke amazwe aseYurophu, iRussia ilifa aphakathi yathatha ixesha elide. abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba iinguqulelo ka-Alexander II emva kwexesha. Kodwa ukuba kunjalo, iziphumo ISTO enzima ngolo hlobo lemveli -parameter, yintoni serfdom kwafikelelwa ngokupheleleyo eRashiya kule mini, nkqu 1861, ukukhululwa ebukhobokeni Ndiyavuya zonke ngamakhoboka abaninzi bacinga ukuba Barin baphila kakhulu bekhululekile ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba sizibuze umbuzo ... ngaphezulu: "phi bendaba lonyulo mihla eRashiya?" Yena ke apho.