Inkcubeko yakwaNtu waseMpuma yamandulo ngokuchaseneyo West

impucuko Eastern ebesoloko yayahluke ukusuka entshonalanga kulithatha. Namhlanje, kumazwe amaninzi empumalanga kucingwa ukuba lisasalele emva, nangona yokuba aphawula ekuqaleni East balandela uphuhliso eentlanga ezininzi. Yintoni siqonda namhlanje yi elithi "East Ancient"?

East wamandulo njengeqela elikhethekileyo lempucuko awayengabemi kummandla yasempuma kwiMeditera, ukusuka elunxwemeni loMlambo umNayile ukuya entshona kunye babeziindleko of kumzantsi-ntshona Asia (China, Egypt, India). Kwimbali nenkcubeko yaMandulo East kuqala Kwamandulo, phakathi zeminyaka yesithathu neyesine BC Kungelo xesha ndawa yokugqibela ye ubukhosi basePersi, eshiya indlela omncinane, iqala uphuhliso yayo yempucuko.

uluntu lwale mihla babeqhele ukuya-kuthiwa ulinde yesibini ukuya kumazwe osempuma ehlabathini, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba kude ngaphambi aseNtshona kude ngenkulungwane ye-15 yi inqanaba umbutho kunye nophuhliso lwenkcubeko. Zonke omkhulu ngelo xesha, ezifunyaniswe kwenziwa nje eMpuma: wayila mechanical clock, wompu, iphepha, ndingasathethi izinto ezinjalo kwabantu abangamaTshayina, njengokuba ikhampasi kunye seismograph.

kanye Ingcamango nenkcubeko amazwe East kunye West wayehluke kakhulu. EYurophu, igama elithi "isiko" lithetha "ukulinywa, inguqu." Umlinganiswa Chinese ezilinganayo "wen" liguqulelwe ngokuba 'uhombiso. " Ukuba ingqiqo ingcamango esempuma "nenkcubeko" - ubabalo, ubuhle kunye umhombiso. I yemveli inkcubeko uMdala East na ekuqhubekekeni mkhulu ngezizukulwana. izithethe ezininzi kumazwe aseMpuma mihla kufuneka iingcambu zabo elidlulileyo zikude, ngexesha lokungabikho ukubhala, xa zadluliselwa kwizizukulwana ezintsha ngomlomo.

Art of the East yaMandulo babesebenzela iinkalo ezininzi iinkqubo zenkcubeko jikelele olwenzeka eluntwini. kanye Indima mzobo lobugcisa kwi-East belusoloko wanobungangamsha. Ngokomzekelo, ekuqaleni waseYiputa umsebenzi impucuko artist ubukhulu becala ulinganiswa imisebenzi umbingeleli, Noko ke, nangoku kuthathwa ukuba abe nesidima kwanele. Art inkcubeko i-East yaMandulo kangangamawaka eminyaka ukuba ufunxe iimpawu iingcamango zonqulo nentanda-bulumko, izithethe zasekuhlaleni kunye nezithethe ubomi babantu. abantu Creative (amagcisa, abakroli kunye nababhali imizobo) esenzelwe ukuba kwenziwa umsebenzi yoyilo zengqondo yemveli yoluntu. iinzame zovavanyo ukuveza imisebenzi yakhe into entsha, ndingaziwa kuluntu, ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Oku kubangelwe ikakhulu ukuya traditionalism indlela yobomi yamandulo mpuma. E Egypt yamandulo, kwakukho inkqubo lonke izimiso amagcisa, equlethe imithetho ezichaza oko kufuneka ibe yintoni umbala ukusebenzisa yaye yintoni inani waphawula xa ubhala eni zabantu, umfanekiso izilwanyana. Ngabapeyinti kunye abakroli eYiputa yamandulo wenza njengoko abagcini izithethe kunye nemithetho ezingcwele. Baye baphathiswa ukuba amele kuphela ubukho umntu ehlabathini, kodwa nokuhlala kwakhe kwezinye kumazwe, apho, oko kwakucingwa ukuba uza kuhamba emva kokugqiba umsebenzi wakhe.

Inkcubeko yakwaNtu ye-East yaMandulo wadluliselwa ikakhulu ngenxa yeentsomi, kuqala ngomlomo, kunye nokufika yokubhala ngohlobo iitekisi ezimfutshane, sajika kumacwecwe odongwe. Amaqhawe wentsomi zingafunyanwa kuphela kwi zifundo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi, kodwa imikrolo, bokwakha kunye nokupeyinta. Art nesiko East yaMandulo kangangeenkulungwane zigcinwe kwindawo yayo imilingo. abantu bamandulo, umzekelo, wayekholelwa ukuba ikopi ngokutsha kaThixo kanye njengoko yena umoya onamandla, kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka ifundwe hayi ngaphantsi kwe kuyo.

amazwe Modern Eastern zahlukile langaphambili, izithethe namasiko, yahlala amawaka eminyaka, enye into ihlala: ukuzimisela ukuya ndlela yokuphila, ukutshintshwa amava ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.