Inkundla Tennis: parameters. Ukwakhiwa eenkundla intenetya

Yintoni na inkundla (tennis)? Kuyinto tyaba, indawo orthogonal, silungiselwe umdlalo endala IsiNgesi of intenetya.

Ubukhulu

Imigca kuboniswa ecaleni kumacala elide wenkundla, wathetha imigca njengoko osisi ecaleni amacala elifutshane - ngasemva. Ngaphaya kwemida lophawulo obekwe indawo ukususa kubadlali.

Ubude bentendelezo tennis beemitha 26 (23.78 m), ububanzi beemitha ezili-12 (10.97 m) ukhuphiswano iiyadi bafundelane ngezibini okanye 9 (8.23 m) - abangabodwa.

inkundla Tennis phakathi nengalo umnatha. Yena wahlula libe zizabelo amabini alinganayo imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ngapha Ububanzi bentendelezo, ome oku kwemigca yomhlaba angasemva. Ntsimbi zilapha phezulu mesh ibekwe phezu imigca yokwayama, kumgama iyadi elilodwa (914 mm). Grid y height 1 iyadi ntsimbi zilapha phezulu intshi 6 (1.07 m), kwi indawo ephakathi, apho iqhotyoshelwe apha ukuze igubungele ezintendelezweni, - 1 iyadi (914 mm). edge ayo aphezulu egxininiswa iribhoni emhlophe.

Mlenze (tennis) yahlulwe kwindawo yokutyela nge imigca unikezelo ezo ome oku kwemigca yomhlaba kwegridi nangasemva; xa zisendaweni umgama ukusuka igridi iiyadi-7 kwaye lwenziwa kuphela phakathi kwemigca osecaleni emiselwe ukuba game single. On site Eli ziko kwakhona unalo umgca unikezelo, nto leyo ebanjwe phakathi kwentendelezo phakathi kwemigca okugcinwa enxuseneyo imigca kwicala. supply line Main kwaye iboniswe igridi kunye wachuba iindawo ezimhlophe nkqo waneka phezu ibhodi umdlalo ukuya elunxwemeni aphezulu.

Xa imigca ngasemva ebaleni ubekwa uphawu elincinane yahlula nabo kwisiqingatha. Zonke ezotywe zephetshana abakuyo. Ukuba ibhola irhece umgca, ibalwe. Kubonakala ukuba kungqameko olungaphandle imigca ziinkundla yomda wayo.

anika umdla

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba 1873 nemigaqo lokudlala ingca tennis Major Wingfield awodwa. Ngaloo mihla, inkundla wadala ngohlobo iiyure: oko iingqameko embindini yobude igridi ezinyawo-5 ukusuka kwicala kwisiseko enemingxuma lihambe kunye namacala aso.

Court (tennis) satshintsha ukwakheka kwalo ngo-1877: waba buxande. ukuphakama kwawo yaye umgama ukusuka kumgca feed igridi ukuya igridi zaye ngendlela eyothusayo zamkelwa ngo-1882.

Ukuhlanganisa

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kukho iintlobo-ntlobo Ipeyinti iinkundla: emhlabeni, ingca, iikhaphethi, parquet, ikhonkrithi, nzima (inkundla eligangathiweyo), iinkuni, asphalt, irabha. Ukutyabeka enza ibhola Bouncing, ngoko ke lo mgaqo-nkqubo ukudlala iinkundla yentenetya Ipeyinti ezahlukeneyo ezingafaniyo ngokupheleleyo.

Namhlanje phakathi abadlali intenetya lobungcali kukho inani elikhulu abadlali, ebonisa umdlalo wazo wokuqala-class kuphela kwiindidi ezithile ukutyibilika. Kulo mzekelo, yanelani inkqubela ezincinane kakhulu kwabanye.

iinkundla eziluhlaza

inkundla ezesintu (intenetya) sasetyenziswa yentenetya kunye imbonakalo yakhe. Igama ingca tennis livela IsiNgesi ilizwi ingca, bona bubonakala "ingca, ingca." Site yale hlobo zisingathwa ukuba iinketho zabo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke imeko ingca. Kuzo zonke iintlobo eenkundla, phezu kwabo ibhola iphantsi yaye ngokukhawuleza shaya ukusuka kumphezulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo kukhuphiswano kwimihlaba ingca luthathwa kuba luncedo enamandla kwaneliswe umdlalo kwi umoya bakhonza kunye ivolibholi (innings, emva koko umdlali nangoko elithathwayo ukuze lombane).

Mtshengu kudla ngomhla iinkundla engceni. Abadlali kakhulu kwi sites hlobo abajongwa abadlali yentenetya evela UK ne Australia.

enkantolo ubumba

Ukudala iinkundla zodongwe nokwadala ukuba kusetyenziswa ngomxube wesanti, udongwe, ilitye nakhandiweyo okanye izitena, ngokufuthi kunye kongezwe mixture irabha okanye iplastiki. Ukungcola lokudlala isoloko umbala oluhlaza nokuba zifuna ukuba ngqombela-limnyama.

iinkundla ezinjalo basoloko ingqalelo kakhulu ezi Webhsayithi, ibhola phezulu nkobe. Kakade ke, nangokuhamba umdlalo kunye kubo irallie kakhulu kade, kunye elide. Kumgangatho ophantsi practice yentenetya isilayidi njengoko bedlula, kunye mzuzu mpembelelo.

Ngomhla iinkundla olu hlobo zisoloko ucwangcise lobuntshatsheli Vula French. Abadlali kakhulu yimpumelelo emasimini data idla ngokuba iimbaleki ukusuka eMzantsi Merika, France ne Spain.

Platform kwavula

Zeziphi iinkundla kunye nokwadala ukuba nzima? La fast kakhulu, kodwa ke sidlala ibhola ukululama phezu kwabo ngaphantsi kwe kwi phezulu ingca. Ukwakhiwa iinkundla yentenetya yale hlobo yohlukile Okukodwa esithile: ukuba isiseko zingenziwa asphalt okanye eziphathekayo, atyikitya umaleko phezulu umbala zokwenziwa, unika ezinye iimpawu nkobe ibhola.

Rebounding nga ilungiswe nesantya ubude kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo Ipeyinti nzima. Ezinye iintlobo ze Ipeyinti bafumana ngamagama abo: soccer Ace, Plexipave, TeraFlex, DecoTurf, AC Dlala (Russian).

Kwezi ziza kubanjwa US Open ubuntshatsheli (DecoTurf ukutyibilika) kunye kwitumente open source lwe Australia (Plexicushion nokwadala). Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, iziganeko ezimbini zokuqala egcinwe kwiinkundla ingca.

Ngokubanzi, aba Ipeyinti zibizwa ngokuba "kunzima". Ezi izinto abhalwa acrylic zolwelo. Decking kusenokuquka 3, 4, nkqu 12 ungqameko ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo: umbala kokugqiba umaleko, ulungelelaniso kunye nokuthomalalisa kwisiseko.

Sites ne nokwadala ayegcwele

Iinkundla nokwadala ayegcwele - luhlobo isiseko esiqinileyo, ligqunywe ikhaphethi zokwenziwa. Apha iipropati ibhola nkobe bendawo kuxhomekeka kubume, ubukhulu kunye nezinto apho kwikhaphethi.

Ekubeni ezi iindawo kumphezulu lithambile ngaphezu iinkundla kunye ukutyibilika nzima, kwaye nangokuhamba umdlalo kubo kancinane. Ezo amasimi bedlala ngokuqhelekileyo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo, kodwa kukwakho iinkundla ingca eyenziweyo, leyo zibekwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Kwi iinkundla kunye ekuqundanwa abadlali intenetya bekhuphisana, umzekelo, ngokuba KUBOK.

Ezinye iintlobo decking

Kukho ezinye iintlobo ze iinkundla intenetya iindawo ezifana iinkuni, asphalt okanye zerabha Coatings. Ngelishwa, olu khuphiswano awade wenziwe kwinqanaba elisemthethweni.

zokwakha

Ukwakhiwa eenkundla intenetya, iinkampani ezininzi ukuphumeza turnkey. Bathi zinika uluhlu olupheleleyo lweenkonzo, ukuphulaphula yonke iminqweno client, ukuphuhlisa iprojekthi yoyilo, faka izixhobo eziyimfuneko, ukukhanyisa imvelaphi inyuselwa khona.

Ezi zinkampani abanikela yingqokelela onomtsalane nangesigqubuthelo ezithile kumabala emidlalo: ingca eyenziweyo engafani imfumba ubude, lexinene umbala. Kungenxa yoko le nto nkqu umthengi eyona inzima uya kukwazi ukukhetha ukutyibilika ukuba uyahlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno.

Emva umthengi ukhetha ukutyabeka, inkampani uqala ukulungiselela isiseko ukunyusa inkqubo yemibhobho ehambisa, ukubaleka eziluncedo, walala phantsi nangezixhobo zemidlalo zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko. Yakha inkundla yentenetya akukho nzima, into engundoqo ukuzalisekisa ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

• I zeendawana kufuneka tyaba ngokupheleleyo yaye ukulungele.
• Phakathi ukutyabeka noseko mababe ukunika adhesion oluthembekileyo.
• Iingcali kufuneka ibe ngqongqo kuma umkhethe zokwakha.
• Olungisa kufuneka kuhlala yaye akukho neentanda.

Namhlanje kulula ukufumana inkampani eza kudala inkundla encinane kwiyadi ikhaya yokuhlala okanye vozvedot inkundla zobungcali intenetya endlwini.

iinkundla amanani gumbini

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba indawo kwinkundla intenetya, zonke imilinganiso yalo zejometri kulawulwa nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Kakade ke, iimfuno ngqongqo kakhulu zinxulumene kwiinkundla zobungcali, kodwa ke ngenxa yamasimi intenetya lobuqu, kungakuhle ukubambelela kwimigangatho efunekayo.

Ngokukodwa, iinkundla iparameters yemigangatho:

• phakathi iikona olungaphandle imigca osecaleni: 10,92 m;
• phakathi iikona olungaphandle imigca eziphambili: 23,75 m;
• runnings nangegxalaba ububanzi: 3.6 m (iinkundla amateurish le parameter kungancitshiswa ku-3 m);
• Ubunzulu mortgage zidalelwe kwezibonda intenetya: 0.9 m;
• ongasemva runnings ubude: 6.4 m (kuba iinkundla engahlawulwayo le parameter kungancitshiswa ukuya kwiimitha ezintlanu);
• kumgama imingxunya ephakathi intenetya kwezibonda, esenzelwe enemikhono eziqulethwe yi 12.8 m;
• kugqitywe ngeenxa phantsi ibhanti ankile ephambili na imida zilandelayo: ubukhulu - 0,45 mm, ubunzulu - 20.5 cm.

Imilinganiselo abese evenness

Kwizixeko ezininzi eRashiya zakhiwa iinkundla intenetya! Centre, iinkundla intenetya, elininzi labadlali endleleni yabo eya kuqeqesho - iimpawu wokwenyaniso ingumasipala zemidlalo! Kodwa siza kuqhubeka nokujonga iinketho kwiinkundla intenetya. evenness kunye ithambeka parameters nako kubalulekile. Ngenxa yoko, umphezulu kufuneka kwithambeka ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-0.6% ne hayi ngaphezulu kwe 1.2%. Ezi zikhombisi zinika icala yokukhupha amanzi saMandla, kufuneka kusekwa zonke iinkundla phandle. Ngendlela, ukuba nokumelana kwi flatness yi-3 mm ngokweemitha ubude ezintathu nganye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho enye ubukhulu - 4 mm kwimitha 4: amaxabiso ezo zinto zithathwa ukuba ube ngogqibeleleyo. Kwi inkundla tennis engahlawulwayo, esi salathisi nesele azinakwenzeka.

Namhlanje, iinkundla intenetya zigutyungelwe izakhiwo kunye namabala. Cover kunye nemimandla zabegovyh kunye namaqonga kufuneka ibe uhlobo olufanayo. ukulungiselela Surface kusoloko kuxhomekeke kudidi ukutyibilika. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ubumdaka kunye nengca iinkundla zifuna isixhobo yamanzi.

Ububanzi kwinkundla intenetya, kunye nabanye parameters zayo kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Kwaye ingaba kuyimfuneko ukuba baphumeze yokuqhelwaniswa isiza iincam? Ukuba ungakhetha indawo evulekileyo kufuneka ezijolise ukuya emzantsi-entla (kwicala elide). Ezinjalo uyibeka luqinisekisa ingcamango kuFeliks kwabadlali emdlalweni ngosuku ecacileyo enelanga.