Intanda-ixesha lokuvuselelwa okanye imbonakaliso wokuqala anthropocentrism ifilosofi

Ukususela ekuqaleni inguqu era ngenkulungwane XV iqala kwimbali Western eYurophu, nto leyo idala inkcubeko omhle. Ngeli xesha, iqala sokonakalisa Wamakhosi kunye nophuhliso inkqubo yobungxowankulu: ukuphuhlisa idolophu zodidi eItali, omnye emva kokuba abanye beze ezifunyaniswe zembali kakhulu - imipu, ekuqaleni bokushicilela, kukho cartography kunye nokwakheka kwaso njengendlela yokuziqeqesha yenzululwazi. Kwimathematika notation yokomfuziselo lokuQala, chemistry amayeza iyaqhubeka uphuhliso yalo ulwazi ngezenzeko chemical omzimba womntu kunye neziyobisi isifundo. yimpumelelo enkulu ngeli xesha ifikelela ngeenkwenkwezi, Vasco da Gama wavula indlela elwandle, ndiyise kuloo Indies, Columbus wafumana Melika, kwaye Magellan wazibonakalisa sphericity lomhlaba, behamba uhambo lokuqala ehlabathini jikelele.

Noko ke, Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngeli xesha na ukubhukuqwa ulawulo ngokozwi lakhe ibandla, ifilosofi entsha Renaissance, yaye oku kwaba negalelo ekhethekileyo kwabaxhamla inkcubeko. Wobukhosi ukuzila ghost lehlabathi wangcwatyelwa ngonaphakade phantsi omtsha ezithandwayo, ezaba sisiseko intanda-Renaissance anthropocentrism. Homo sapiens ngokungathi ngumntu ovuka ebuthongweni elide yaye ukulungele ukwenza okulungileyo yelizwe labo, nje kwenzeka ukuba ngeli xesha kukho yokudala abe iimbongi ezinkulu Italian ixesha: Petrarch, Erasmus, Rabelais, Boccaccio.

Intanda-Renaissance wayenempebelelo amadoda kakhulu ixesha, amagcisa abanetalente, bezakhiwo kunye abakroli ziye zenza igalelo labo kuphuhliso ubukhosi entsha. ULeonardo da Vinci wanikela umsebenzi wakhe ubalaseleyo bobukhulu bakhe - Homo sapiens. Njengoko umbhali nanto "Mona Lisa" yaye "isidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela" Yena inempembelelo enkulu kwimigaqo lobugcisa Renaissance. Akukho amandla enamandla kangako ke ngelo xesha Imizobo Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti, bona, ngathi ekroliweyo zakhe kuphakama ubuhle ngokomoya nangokwenyama yomntu, oko isakhono enkulu zasekhaya. Ngelo xesha, kukho izakhiwo entsha Renaissance, obabufikelela eziphakamileyo nanto, ngenxa ububanzi ngohambo ingqondo.

yonke intanda-Renaissance buzane ingqalelo yomntu njengomntu ngamnye kuchasa ilungelo lalo ukubonakalisa izakhono zabo kunye nokukhula buqu simahla. Isigaba sokuqala Renaissance kwenzeka njengendlela free-iingcinga, bekuchasa ukongamela yokomoya yeCawa kwaye scholasticism ephakathi. lemveli yentanda yamandulo lubekhona wambuyisela kwizikolo ngokupheleleyo, kwakhona open zokucinga, ngoko kakubi olityelweyo kumaXesha Aphakathi. Uxolelwa iqokobhe yesikolo kwakhona mbalwa imisebenzi emikhulu zobulumko bamandulo - Plato kunye noAristotle. Kwintanda-bulumko Renaissance akusekho ifuna angqongqo, inguquko, ukuthobela ukuthanda kukaThixo, kodwa ngokuchasene uyandizukisa naliphi na inyathelo endle bobuchule kunye nophuhliso lomntu. Umnqweno ukuze bafumane igunya phezu ikamva labo - oku akusekho izimvo feudal kwaye zamaKristu, buzenzela umyalelo omtsha yoohlohlesakhe.

Indawo okhethekileyo intanda-Renaissance kuthatha uNikolay Kuzansky, ngokungafaniyo nezinye nabantu, isixa esikhulu ixesha wayitshabalalisa imathematika nezenzululwazi, nkqu wadala kwicala ekhethekileyo intanda-xesha - le pantheism lamaKristu yendalo. Ingcamango le mfundiso kukuba kukho uThixo ihlabathi yaye ihlabathi kuThixo, yaye ekubeni uThixo ongenasiphelo ngokupheleleyo kwaye unlimited, ithetha ukuba ihlabathi engenasiphelo kwaye nayiphi na umda xi nga ngokukhululekileyo ukuhamba. Isiphumo soku mfundiso iba revolution olukhulu kwimbonakalo le baseYurophu, luyawohloka umfanekiso geocentric wendalo kunye isiqalo kwisigaba esitsha kuphuhliso -bulumko nenzululwazi le Renaissance.