Intsimbi oksayidi ngombala: iimpawu, isicelo

Abavelisi kufuneka rhoqo ukuphucula ukhuphiswano iimveliso zabo ngenxa Ukwanda yangoku lwemarike kunye izinto kwamanye amazwe kunye Russian. Ngoko ke, ngaxeshanye iipropati ezisemgangathweni iimveliso kunye neemfuno zokuhombisa ebekiweyo.

definition

Iron oksayidi ngombala yinto uhlobo ezingaphiliyo ubunjwe oxides kunye carbohydrate oxide kwamanqanaba ezahlukeneyo valency. Ngu indlela yokufumana kubo yahlulwe zendalo kunye zokwenziwa. Xa kuthelekiswa ne yokugqibela zendalo zisetyenziswa qho. Kufanelekile le eninzi zee-arhente imibala in ngombala ezifana iindleko eyenziweyo nezisezantsi. Iron oxides baye abaninzi umbala ukusuka omnyama ukuya ngezandi eziluhlaza-eluhlaza kunye ebengezelayo.

Intsimbi oksayidi zombala: iimpawu

Phakathi iimpawu zombala kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku kulandelayo:

• rate Ukusasaza ibonisa izinga yokugubungela moya umanyano. Inowuthi mzobo, izinto ngaphantsi iza wachitha.
• Dispersity. Ngenxa ngokunciphisa fineness kwandenza ndakwazi imibala.
• Ngamandla - kukukwazi ukudlulisela umbala wawo xa zixutywe nezinye izinto a saturation ethile. Kubonisa ngobunzulu njengepesenti umgangatho ofakwe ngumvelisi.
• Lightfastness i amelane ukusebenza nomsi.
• Bonga. Kungakhathaliseki ithoni lepati Awunakutshintsha amandla.
• uzinzo thermal - ukukwazi ukulondoloza umbala ngendlela emiselweyo uluhlu lobushushu.
• Ubukho bamanzi-enyibilikayo kudla.
• Asidi nokunqunyanyiswa zolwelo. Kufuneka ngaphezulu ixabiso elilelona ye pH = 7. Ngenxa yokuba le isamente yohlukile obrak reaction medium, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa ngomxube iasidi ephantsi olumbhatshileyo ngokupheleleyo.

bala eziphathekayo

Kuba bokudaya iimveliso eziphathekayo ixesha elide usebenzisa zombala zentsimbi oxide ukuba amandla yokuzimela eliphantsi kunye umbala kuphawu olwahlukileyo. Bona azichatshazelwa alkalis, ezinye iindidi asidi, iityuwa, kwelanga. Ngenxa zombala ziye zanda kakhulu xa ukupeyinta izinto zesamente ukuxovwa.

Ivenkile yentsimbi oxide zombala wokwenziwa angaphandle kunye Russian. Ukwenza umbala eziphathekayo kuxhomekeke lemveliso kummandla kufuna alawula izinto nge-3 ukuya kwi-15% ngo ubunzima. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba zombala kuba dispersibility eliphezulu xa kuthelekiswa Portland isamente, nangona kunjalo ukuba zidlule boxinzelelo lusekiwe, ngeke ukwanda okukhulu ngumxube imfuno yamanzi, leyo ngaxesha olunabileyo ukwehlisa amandla xa ukugalelwa kunye nokwanda porosity.

Ngombala: ukusetyenziswa

data zobugcisa izixhobo kuchaphazela impumelelo yokusetyenziswa nedayi. Xa inani amancinci mbala kwi bulk ukufumana ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo izixhobo eziyimfuneko leyo lubafumana ukuxuba eliphezulu. Sombala itshintsha umbala kuphela Umatshini isamente ukusuka umxube eziphathekayo lonke, ngoko ke inani elifanayo kakhulu umxube ibala kombala ezinomthamo eliphezulu zesamente ngaphezu ubunzima eliphantsi.

ngombala ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu asetyenziswa ukwenza nombala zesamente, iithowuni ezahlukeneyo iidayi ngamnye. Isicelo ngeentlobo emanyeneyo umbala kufuna wokuxuba phambi kokuba yafakwa izinto de umthunzi oyifunayo. Kuya kuthatha ixesha ngaphezu kwesinye umbala ebala.

nongo esisiseko

Sombala Yellow oksayidi nsimbi ukumelana yemozulu, uzinzo ukukhanya, uzinzo thermal, emihle imibala isici. Lusetyenziswa ezivelisa imveliso ezinokwakheka iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, iithayile, ukutyabeka, iithayile zokwakha, iintlobo ezininzi kwenziwa. iidayi yabathengi Czech kwaye Chinese babe neempawu ezifanayo, le yokugqibela sele Amanzi ixabiso elisezantsi. ngombala ezinjalo zidalwe ngokusekelwe imbola, ubume ezahlukeneyo granular izinzile.

Black iron oxide ebala - yikhemikhali ezingisayo ukuba ifumene isicelo yalo ezivelisa imveliso zesamente anemibala, fillers, idayi. Lubonakala ukryvochnoy uhlobo idayi owomileyo kunye nobunzulu ithoni Uphawu, ukanti kubuna kwaye lakufumana lobushushu impembelelo, ukunyuka inqanaba kwealkali. iimveliso Kugqityiwe ke neerubhi, ngeempahla zakho tone njalo.

Ukuvelisa abenzi kombala obomvu kakhulu Czech kwaye Ukrainian njenge angumgubo compound ezingaphiliyo. isiseko elisetyenzisiwe inikezela iyahlala umbala kufumaneka bantu.

izinto White imibala ayikho enyibilikayo organic asidi kunye namanzi, kwakunye non-liseyityhefu abantu. Yaqaphela kwiimeko ezininzi iingxowa-25 kg.

The degree of bala kubangelwa

Kumanqaku ezigqityiweyo imibala kuchaphazela nombala lwesamente. ilizwi Gray uyakwazi dim ukugqama, ngoko xa usebenza ePortland isamente standard kunzima ukufumana imibala ecacileyo. Eyona ndlela iphumelelayo a isamente emhlophe, wayisebenzisa ukwenza mibala bhlowu noluhlaza.

uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto inombala ongwevu. izityalo yokuvelisa ezahlukeneyo kwakhona ukuvelisa isamente kweentlobo omnye, ayifani. Umahluko onjalo zibonwa eziphathekayo epeyintwe, apho izinto ukukhanya iphawulwa uvakalelo eliphezulu xa kuthelekiswa ngekhonkrithi, amnyama zombala yentsimbi oxide. Ngoko ke, ngokuba nebhetshi efanayo imveliso kulo mbandela kufuneka isicelo isamente enye evela kumenzi efanayo.

Kwi emthunzini sokugqibela yeemveliso ukukhanya kungahle kuchaphazele umoya okanye ubunzulu lokufaka. Kukho uqobo kuqamba efanayo ngokubanzi ekuvelisweni umthwalo omnye. Kukho ukuncitshiswa ebonakalayo isiphumo ngekhonkrithi abamnyama oluhlaza. Kwi umbala akukho kakhulu abachatshazelwa lexinene umbandela, kodwa uphawu ihlwempu ngekonkriti aneentunja yindlela isahlakalo efflorescence ngexesha ukugcinwa nokusetyenziswa. imbonakalo yazo yonakaliswa inkangeleko, bona zingakuchaphazeli zombala, kodwa efflorescence kakhulu ephawuleka kumphezulu elinombala kunokuba kuyazenzekela.

ratio ukuxuba

Xa ulungiselela le isamente umxube hueing arhente idosi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ngokobunzima, njengoko zombala intsimbi oxide ngaphakathi ngekhonkrithi kuba Uxinaniso ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba bahloniphe ixesha elilinganayo echukumisayo, oku kuya ukupeyinta umxube ngokulinganayo.

Kungakhokelela yokutshintsha umbala iimeko ezahlukeneyo ephilisa. Ngamana kuvela umthunzi eyahlukileyo komphunga ngokukhawuleza ukufuma kunye amafu phezu moya, kukho kwakhona ukuba umntu touch kancinane. Ukuze ufumane isiphumo efunekayo kufuna ibathwana kokulandelwa ukuxutywa amanzi eziphathekayo kunye lobushushu urhulumente. Kukho omnye oluthile: iinaliti baba kwindawo ephakamileyo ugalele. ziikristale Small ikhulise ukukhanya kwelifu, ngenxa apho umbala ejonge elula ngaphezu umoya okanye ubunzulu ngekhonkrithi efanayo eqina kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi.

iintlobo zombala

Iron ngombala oksayidi zingahlulwa zibe buthathaka, iyonke xi nedala yi-25%, kwaye imiqathango Bazomelezela ndzo ka-10%. Ukuba kuyimfuneko nokufumana nombala ethile ngaphezu kwe-10% ye-izinto colorant ukusuka volume, kungakuhle ukuba usebenzise inani elincinci enamandla uhlobo ebala. Oku kungenxa yokuba inxalenye enkulu kuguga iipropati amandla ngenxa yokwanda ukufunxeka kwamanzi.

Ukudala Shiny izinto eziphathekayo nzima ukuyifaka inani elincinane, ukuze lube kwande ukusebenzisa inxalenye ngokupheleleyo ngedayi ngoku buthathaka.

abenzi

Phakathi abenzi ezinkulu beyiqhuba mveliso German, Czech kunye Chinese. Ngokwemiqathango yexabiso lemali, ngoku ngombala nomtsalane e-China. Obanzi kakhulu phakathi Czech wavuka iithowuni ebomvu mdaka. Irenki umgangatho wokuqala colorants German, kodwa ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu izicelo zabo ukupheyiva nokwaleka azincedi lutho.

ngombala Iron oxide (eyenziwe eRashiya) abe ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye neempawu ezanelisayo, ngoko benza ukhuphiswano nikufanele ngaphandle.