Inyaniso yonke malunga nokugonywa, okungesiyo isiko lokuthetha ngayo

Kubazali, akukho ninzi yesihloko esibonakala siphikisana nokugonywa. Yenza okanye ungagonanga? Akukho nto engathandekiyo kunokuba uqhelane nomama onomdla kwindawo yokudlala, uze ufumanise ukuba iimbono zakhe kule ngxaki azivumelani nawe.

Ngaphambi kokuba izitofu zinike isimo sokulondoloza, kodwa kungekudala abasenakuthemba. Indlela yokuhlukanisa iinkcukacha ezivela kwiingcamango? Funda idatha ekhethekileyo eya kukukunceda uqonde oko kuyinyani, kwaye wenze isinqumo esicacisiweyo.

Iigonya zigcina ubomi

Iigonti ziyinxalenye eqhelekileyo yokunakekelwa kwempilo, abantu sele belibale ukuba beyakuba yinguqulelo lwangempela ekusindiseni ubomi. Ngomnyaka we-1900 ngamnye umntwana weshumi wafa ngonyaka wokuqala wobomi ngenxa yezifo ezithathelwanayo. Siyabulela ukugonywa, sakwazi ukulahla i-smallpox. Umngcipheko we-poliomyelitis wancipha. Ingxaki kukuba ngoku abantu bayayithatha lo khuselo. Awazi mntu oye wafa nge poliomyelitis okanye imaselisi, ngoko awucinganga nokuba ziyingozi kangakanani ezi zifo kwaye ziza kubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba izitofu zinyamalale.

Kwamazwe amaninzi, ezi ntsho zikhoyo. Ukuba abantu bayeka ukugoma, izifo zesifo esidala ziya kuphinda zibe yingxaki. Ngenxa yokuba le nto ayifumanwanga ngumntu wonke, uluvo lwenziwa ukuba umntu angathatha ithuba kwaye anqande ukugonywa. Iingamashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini zabazali bakholelwa ukuba izitofu zinganciphisa intsholongwane yomntwana. Akukho bungqina bobunzululwazi kule ndawo - luyinto nje.

Isiphumo sesitofu sokugonya singasigxina

Ukuba uthe wagonywa ebuntwaneni, kunokwenzeka ukuba awukhathazeki kakhulu malunga nokuba unokufumana i-poliomyelitis. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba akuzona zonke izitofu eziqinisekisa umphumo wobomi.

Ukuba usebenza kwindawo ekukhuselweyo ngayo kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kubalulekile, kuya kufuneka ukuba uphinde ukhuphe izitofu ukuze uzikhusele ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-2006 iUnited States yayineengqungqungquthela zesifo-ininzi yamaxhoba afumana ama-injections ebuntwaneni, kodwa i-immunity yabo yabuthathaka.

Iigonya zikhululekile

Xa ugonyayo umntwana wakho, awukhuseli nje kuphela. Unceda ukunqanda ukuqhuma kwezikolo. Kubalulekile ukugoma abantu abaninzi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwempilo kunye neenkampani zomshuwalense zenza inxalenye yazo kwaye izitofu zikhululekile. Ungaqwalasela ulwazi kule akhawunti kumgqirha wakho, ngubani oza kukuxelela ukuba yiziphi iinkqubo ongenakuzihlawula.

Izitofu azibanga i-autism

Abantu abaninzi banesifo sokugonywa, kuba abanye abantu bathi bangela i-autism. Enyanisweni, yinto nje umbono, kungekhona into. Kufanelekile ukuphinda kwakhona: awukwazi ukubeka umngcipheko kwimpilo yomntwana ngenxa yesimo sengqondo. Phawula i zifundo: akukho kholo oluqinisekileyo lokuba izitofu zenza i-autism.

Le ngcaciso yaqala ukusasazeka ngo-2000, xa abazali beqala ukubika ukuba abantwana babo bafumanisa ukuba kungekudala emva kokufumana isitofu. Oogqirha babika ukuba akukho nxu lumano ngqo, kodwa ingqungquthela isele idalwe. Konke oku - ukuhleka nje, okungenakho ukuqinisekiswa.

Jonga izigonyana ngakumbi xa ukhulelwe

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa unemibuzo neengcamango ezininzi. Uyabona ngesondo? Nini ukubuyela emsebenzini? Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufuneka uhlale ukhumbule ngezigulane. Kubalulekile ukuba bobabini nomntwana bagonywe. Iintlobo zokugonya abafazi abakhulelweyo zigqithise kakhulu ingozi.

Ukuba isitofu sokugonywa sinikwa ngexesha le-diphtheria kwi-diphtheria, umntwana uya kukhuselwa kwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izitofu ezimele ziphetshwe. Qiniseka ukuxoxa ngale ngogqirha wakho.

Ezinye iziphumo zecala ziqhelekile

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezinye zeempembelelo emva kokugonya ziqhelekileyo kwaye zilindeleke. Kuya kuba yinto emangalisayo ukuba, emva kokuphosa isikhumba ngedaliti kwaye ufumana umthamo kwisisipha, umzimba wakho awuyi kuphendula. Phakathi kwemiphumo eqhelekileyo intlungu kunye nobomvu kwisayithi ye-inoculation. Kuyafaneleka ukubonisa ukuvuvukala okuncinci kunye nokubonakala kwento engummangaliso, njengomthetho, kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuba unomntwana, unokuqaphela ukuba emva kokugonya, ukushisa kuphakama ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo.

Izifo ezinobungozi zikhoyo ngoku

Iigcino zanamhlanje zisebenza kakuhle, ngoko abantu abaqondi kakuhle ukuba ingozi esondele kangakanani. Ukuba inani elaneleyo labantu banqabile ukuthatha izitofu, izifo apho uluntu luye lwakwazi ukujamelana nalo luya kubuya. Abantwana abangenayo i-immunity banamathuba angamashumi amabini anesihlandlo ngaphezulu sokwenza imimpi. Ngelishwa, abantwana abachitshiweyo basengozini, kuba akukho khuselo lwekhulu-cent.

Iintsholongwane ziyakwazi ukubulala

Ingqwalasela epheleleyo ishintshelwe kwiigcino kunye nokukhusela kwabo, kwaye kutheni kubalulekile ukuba bayayikhohlwa. Iigonti zinceda ukukhusela izifo ezingambulala umntu. Ngoku kuya kuthatyathwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokugonywa ihlabathi liyakubonakala lihlukile. Kwamazwe apho kungekho zitofu, abantu abaliliweyo kumazwe athuthukile bayafa, kwaye inani labaxhoba lilinganiswa ngamakhulu amawaka. Ukusuka kwi-hepatitis B, abantu abayizigidi bafa ngamnye ngonyaka. Abaninzi abakhathazeki malunga ne-poliomyelitis, nangona kunjalo, ekungabikho kwesigontsho, umphumo wemiphumo emibi kakhulu-ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kungabangela ukukhubazeka.

Iigonti zisuswe kwi-thimerosal

Abanye abachasene nezitofu bathi banobungozi ngenxa yezinye izithako. Isitofu sokugonya sineengqungquthela ezinobuthakathaka okanye ezifile, ukuze umzimba uqaphele kwaye uvelise iintsholongwane. Emva koko la manqindi avikela umntu kumagciwane afanayo. Ukongezelela, izitofu ziqulethe izigulane. I-Thimerosal yenye yazo, iqukethe i-mercury kwaye isetyenziselwa ukugcina amagonti. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba xa ufumana izitofu ezininzi kumqolo, umthamo we-mercury udlulile. Ngoko ke isithwathwa singasetyenziswanga. Nangona kunjalo, ubungqina benzululwazi abuqinisekisi ukuba oku kuyingozi. Ukubunjwa kwezigulane kuyatshintshwa kuphela xa kwenzeka.

Iimpawu ezivela kwiigcini zichaphazela yonke imihla

Iigonti nazo ziqulethe izigulane - ezi zizinto ezincedisayo ezikhuthaza isistim somzimba. Batshengisa umzimba ukuba sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuvelisa izikhusela ezikhusela umntu xa zityhila kwiintsholongwane. Iimvumi zivumela ukusetyenziswa kwamanani amancinci amachiza. Abachasene nezigulane banenkxalabo yokuba phakathi kwezi zinto - aluminium. Kakade, i-aluminium inokuba yinto enobuthi, kodwa kungekhona kwisixa esinikwe ngayo kwiigonti. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba sijamelana ne-aluminium imihla ngemihla, nangona singagonyanga. Le nkunkuma ikhona ekudleni, emoyeni, emhlabathini nasemanzini. Akuyingozi kwi-vaccination, kuba umxholo wayo uncinci.

Siphezu kwinqanaba lokunqoba i-AIDS

Zininzi izitofu ziye zadlulayo iminyaka emashumi, kodwa ezitsha zibonakala. Umzekelo, ukugonya okuncinci kwaye okukhuselekileyo okuvimbela uGawulayo kungabonakala kungekudala. Ngoku kuhlolwe eMzantsi Afrika.

Kukho isitofu esivela ku-Ebola

Kungekudala, ugonywa lwe-Ebola luqulunqwe, okuyi-100% esebenzayo. Emva kweentsholongwane ezibuhlungu zango-2014, izazinzulu zenze uvavanyo ngokukhawuleza. Ngokusemthethweni, isitofu sokugonywa asikabivunywa, kodwa kungekudala kuya kusinokwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa.

Akuyena wonke umntu ofuna iigciwane

Iigonti zingasindisa ubomi, kodwa azidingeki ngamnye. Ukuba unempembelelo enamandla kubo, kufuneka ulahle ii-injections. Abantu abane-immunity ebuthakathaka akufanele bagonywe.

Kuthekani ukuba unempendulo?

Ukuphendula okunamandla kwisitofu sokugonya kunqabile kakhulu. Ukuba unenkxalabo, xubusha nodokotela wakho. Ukuba uqaphela imiphumo engaqhelekanga, qhagamshelana ne-ambulensi.