Iqhawe likaGriboyedov lokuhlaziya "Yeha kwi-Wit" IPI Famusov: ukubonakaliswa komfanekiso

I-Comedy AS Griboyedov "Yeha eWeni" ibhekisela kule mi sebenzi engaphumeleli ubukhali kunye nokubaluleka kwexesha. Ngaphezu koko, ngaphezulu kweminyaka abahluke ngayo kwithuba lokudala, baluxabiseke ngakumbi. Oku kwenzeka ngewayini ezixabisekileyo, iiflethi ezibonakalayo, imifanekiso, izakhiwo, njl.

Iqhinga necebo

Masikhumbule ukuqala, yintoni icebo kunye nenjongo. Le ngongoma ebalulekileyo yombhalo, ngaphandle kolwazi apho akunakwenzeka ukuhlalutya nawuphi na umsebenzi wobugcisa. Kuqhelekileyo ukubiza ukulandelelana kweziganeko, ezithatha indawo enye enye kwixesha lemixholo. Kwi-comedy namhlanje ekuseni endlwini ka-Famusov, ukudibanisa ngengozi yakhe kunye nonobhala wakhe kwiindawo zokuhlala zikaSophia. Emva koko ukufika okungalindelekanga ukuya eMoscow Chatsky, ukutyelela kwakhe, ukuthetha no-Afanasy Pavlovich, umzamo wokufumanisa ukuba ngubani owaba ngumqhubi ophumelelayo. Ekugqibeleni, ibhola, ingqumbo yazo zonke iintlanzi kunye neentlanzi, amahlebezi okuthi uChatsky uyaphambuka. Ukukhungatheka uSophia, ukwethuka kwe-Famusov kunye nokuhamba kwe-"Carbonarius" encinane eMoscow. Ngokuphathelele isalathisi kunye nezobambano, zidibene, ngokwenene, abalinganiswa ababini: I-Chatsky no-Famusov. Iimpawu zabo kunye nokunceda ukugqiba iiparitha eziphambili zomsebenzi. Makhe sihlolisise ngokuchanekileyo oko kukugqibela.

Ukuzaliswa kweMoscow

Kwi-comedy intloko yokuqala yaseRashiya yindlela yokuphila yobomi endala, eyakhiwe ngamakhulu eminyaka. I-Glamour ne-luxury idibene ngokubanzi ngamaxesha adlulileyo kaCatherine II. Le nkulungwane kwaye ibona i-Famusov efanelekileyo. Iimpawu zeqhawe lihambelana kakuhle nencazelo yegama lakhe, oko uGriboyedov anyule kulo mlingane akukhawulezi. "Fama" ngesiLatini lithetha "iindlebe". Iimvumi, ukuvakaliswa, iintetho ezingaboniyo zabanye abantu kunye nePavel Afanasyevich. Unayo "amabali amabali" athi: "nantoni na eyenzekayo" kunye nento "eyona ntombi uMarya Alexeyevna." Nangona kunjalo, enye into ebalulekileyo yegama elithi "Famusov" ibalulekile. Iimpawu zobuntu njengomntu owaziwayo, ujongene nempembelelo, intlonipho kuluntu, naye uhambelana. Akusiyo into yokuba iqhawe liguqa phambi kwakhe, ukufunwa kwakhe kukufunwa, kwaye uphulaphule uluvo. Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso sikaGriboyedov, kwakuyi-Famusov (umlingiswa wakhe kwi-comedy iqinisekisa oku) ukuba umntu uqobo lwakhe waseMoscow uhloniphekile: ukuvakamkela, ukuthanda ukuhamba, ukuhleba, ukugcina umyalelo kunye nemithetho yangaphandle yokuziphatha, umgcini wendlu yokwakha, i-patriarchal, izithethe ze-serf.

Iimpawu eziphambili zobuntu

Iyiphi indima i-Famusov idlala ngayo "Yeha ku-Wit"? Ukubonakaliswa kwePavel Afanasievich akuyona nto ingabonakaliyo. Usele kwiminyaka yakhe, umhlolokazi, kodwa unempilo enempilo, eyamvumela ukuba ahambe emva kweLisa enhle, eyaziveza ngexesha elifanayo njengomntu onobuhle, othobekileyo, osondezayo kunye noyise ngaphambi kokuba uSofya. Ngenxa yefestile kunye namaxesha amatsha, unyanzelekile ukuba afundise intombi yakhe "ngesiFrentshi", ukuba adlale kunye "nazo zonke izazinzululwazi", ukuba agqoke kwiivenkile zangaphandle kwiBhulnetsk bridge, kwaye yena ngokwakhe unomsindo onobulungisa uphendula ngesayensi, ukhanyiso. Ngokwakhe uluvo, isifundo "sisisifo," umthombo wokuchasana, iingcamango zenguqulelo, yonke into esongelayo ukususa umgangatho wesintu oqhelekileyo kunye nokuzikhethela, inkqubo ye-autocracy, ukuphula indlela amandla aseFusov kunye nobutyebi asekelwe ngayo. Ubulumko, ubuqili kunye nokubala, le "ndoda yaseRashiya endala" ilangazelela amaxesha e "Maxim Petrovich," xa iindawo eziphezulu kunye nezihloko, amaxabiso kunye nemivuzo zahanjiswa kungekufanelekanga kwaye zifanelekile, kodwa ngenxa yesicatshulwa, i-sycophancy, i-servility ne-headphones. I-serf enzima-core kunye ne-retrograde, ekhangele phantsi kwabo bahluphekileyo, uyonwaba ngokuxhamla njengomxhamli, njengokuba kunjalo kuMolchalin. Ukholo lwakhe oluqinileyo, uthi uSophia: "Ngubani ohlwempuzekileyo, awunjalo isibini?" Oku kuphawuleka kakhulu lwe-Famusov. "Yeha ku-Wit", eqinisweni, yinto ebonisa ukuba iinguqu ezimbini: "inkulungwane eyedlulileyo" kwaye yajikeleza uSkalozub, iNkosana uMariya Alexeyevna, iinkosana uTugoukhovskih, i-Famusov ngokwakhe, kunye "neli xesha leminyaka", elenziwe ngumntu omnye uChatsky.

Ngokwegxeki, kwi-comedy ukunqoba kwasala kwiChatsky. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, ukukhumbuza ukunqotshwa. Kwaye i-resonances ye-Famusov, i-alas, yayiyiyo kwaye iyaqhubeka ikhona, ihlala yintloko, inxalenye yoluntu.