Isihlabo werhafu - kungasisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokuba imeko yezoqoqosho karhulumente

Isihlabo irhafu - ilahleko yinxalenye iingenelo net kwibutho ngenxa ekuweni kwemveliso mveliso, ngenxa yoko, ukusetyenziswa kwempahla ngaphantsi ivale ngokwemigaqo kwintshayelelo iirhafu ezintsha okanye olongeziweyo iirhafu ezikhoyo.

Le mbono "umthwalo werhafu" ngelo xesha kwakukho ulawulo lwerhafu. Ngenkulungwane ye-18 uAdam Smith waqhuba isifundo ngolwalamano kwezoqoqosho phakathi ukufunyanwa kwemali mali karhulumente kunye neqondo umthwalo werhafu. Isiphumo endibufumeneyo i saziwe, nto leyo ithi ngokunciphisa umthwalo werhafu wayeza kuhlala karhulumente amanqaku, njengoko kukho bekhululwe mali evela kutyalo-mali nto leyo bafumane ingeniso kunye, ngokufanelekileyo, irhafu eyongezelelweyo.

Uqikelelo ubuninzi zesi salathisi izazinzulu, abezoqoqosho baye bazama ukunika ixesha elide. Oku kuqala ngezoqoqosho waseJamani F. Justi, zona zashunyayelwayo kwindalo kwenkcazo gama kwinqanaba macro kwaye ibonisa ukuzalana phakathi mali karhulumente kwaye ingeniso yesizwe karhulumente efanayo.

Umthwalo werhafu kubaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho yaye imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- Esi salathisi lisetyenziswa xa kuthelekiswa nabo kwamanye amazwe, ngokusekelwe apho isigqibo sokuba aqhube iinguqu ezithile elubalweni.

- Isihlabo yerhafu ngokubanzi ezisetyenziswa ngurhulumente kuphuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo. Yokusungulwa kweerhafu ezintsha, ukutshintsha zabo irhafu, izilungiso inkuthazo yerhafu urhulumente yenziwa esweni rhoqo kweziphumo utshintsho kuqaliswa xa kuthe kwakho ifuthe elingancomekiyo kuqoqosho, urhulumente kufuneka aphendule ngokufanelekileyo.

- Le rate ingasetyenziswa nje olubonisa ukuziphatha lwamaqumrhu. Kwaba phezu yobukhulu yayo ixhomekeke ukukwazi kwamashishini ukwandisa imveliso yabo okanye ukutyala.

- Kwinqanaba likazwelonke, umthwalo irhafu sisetyenziselwa nkqubo lwentlalo. Oku kukujolisa ngokubaluleka kwalo, urhulumente endinokumthumela phakathi kwamaqela ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo.

Xa kubalwa umthwalo yerhafu ekhoyo kwezoqoqosho, ngaphandle kokuba isixa irhafu kuhlawulwa, uthabathe ingqalelo ezo ndleko, nto leyo echaphazela ubonelelo ezi irhafu. Zibandakanya:

- ixabisa kubasebenzi imivuzo umbutho;

- iintlawulo inzala yemalimboleko;

- iindleko zemveliso;

- iindleko inshorensi kwempahla, njl

Ngenxa yokuba umthwalo werhafu luchaphazela ngokupheleleyo zonke iinkqubo kwezoqoqosho kweli lizwe, nto iliso kwinqanaba micro macro.

Kwinqanaba micro, esi salathisi ibalwa ukuba werhafu ngamnye ngamnye (oku kunokuba abe ekhoyo yoshishino - inkampani okanye ummi yabucala). I-Enterprise umthwalo werhafu kungabalelwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Omnye wabo - umlinganiselo wamcacisela inani irhafu ehlawulwa kwi lilonke umthamo yokuthengisa. Igalelo elibi eli algorithm kukusilela ukuthatha ingqalelo iindleko. Le ndlela yokubala yesibini, nto leyo iyasetyenziswa endaweni yentengiso umthamo ngeniso net ngqo ngakumbi kwaye ithatha ingqalelo yonke imibandela ezinefuthe ingeniso elula.

Ekumiseleni umthwalo werhafu abemi abaqhelekileyo wasebenzisa umlinganiselo irhafu yengeniso (NGOBUCHULE) e yayo iyonke ingeniso.

Kwinqanaba macro, esi salathisi ibalwa ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo irhafu engenayo GDP.

Eshwankathela lo kubhalwe ngasentla, sinako ukuzoba kwisigqibo ilandelayo: umthwalo werhafu kakhulu - ilahleko yezibonelelo zentlalo evela ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo werhafu kukhokelela ekuncipheni nezalathisi ezininzi zoqoqosho kweli lizwe.