Ivelufa pneumothorax: Oonobangela, Iimpawu, diagnosis and Treatment

Xa sifo, njengokuba pneumothorax vana, ummandla pleural uhuhamba ioksijini, imali leyo ngokwenyusa kancinane. Ngokubonakala ngezifo ezifana ezinxulumene inkalo yokusebenza nesivalo. Ukusebenza ngayo yaphukile ngokunxulumene ukungena komoya evela imiphunga le pleura kunye ukungakwazi ukuhamba kwayo umva. Ngenxa yale nto ke, kummandla esifubeni ebangela iintlungu eziqatha, ngenxa yokuba kukho ukuhla kakhulu umthamo wemiphunga inkqubo inhalation enzima.

Loo imeko zophendlo lwezifo sele lwaziwa ixesha elide kakhulu, yaye enxulumene inkangeleko yayo kunye neziphumo zesifo sephepha miphungeni. Kodwa kakhulu kutshanje, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo livela ngesiquphe. le ngezifo unesifo rhoqo xa iingxaki yokuphefumla ezinxulumene komsipha bulla.

iintlobo

Pneumothorax ayizosebenza zangaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye oko kuxhomekeke indlela yokwakhiwa kwe-. Lwangaphakathi Ngenxa pneumothorax kwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo bronchi enkulu kunye nobukho amanxeba Ukuxokonyezelelwa ukukhanya. kwisisu Pleural lizele nomoya kukho isiphako kwi pleura visceral. Kule meko isebenza isivingco caba inyama lung leyo umoya inspiratory udlula, abe engalubambi niwukhuphe irhasi ngomnyango wasemva kwemiphunga.

Imbonakalo ongaphandle pneumothorax luphawulwa kukuba indima ivalve kulo mzekelo kukho ukwenzakala zeethishu elithambileyo esifubeni. Inhalation edge nxeba aqale ukwandisa, umoya ungenza ngokukhululekileyo ukungena kulo kwisisu pleural ngexesha ngumphunga kunye nokwehla kwenzeka imingxuma inxeba ngaphandle kokuba usivumele umva.

Ezibangela isifo

Le pneumothorax vana unezizathu ezahlukeneyo zisenzeka. Kaninzi iba uhlobo buhlungu kwaye ezizenzekelayo esi sifo.

Unobangela isilonda (traumatic) evaliwe pneumothorax esifubeni kwentlungu, ekhatshwa komsipha esiqwini kwemiphunga okanye isifuba inxeba wajula. Ngoko ke kukho i "nisondelelane 'bababeka okukhawulezayo phezu kwesifuba eludongeni uvula amanxeba, ngoxa inxeba bronchus iyaqhubeka Bandakhamele. Ngokuba lo hlobo yokwenzakala ziquka:

• waphuka ubambo;
• efile kunye imela amanxeba esifubeni;
• umonakalo bronchus okanye iqumrhu umphimbo amazwe;
• awe ephakamileyo;
• discontinuities bronchi kunye t. d.

pneumothorax okuzenzekelayo luphawulwa uqhekeko lwenxalenye basis of ijwabu semiphunga. Ukwenza igalelo kuphuhliso le ngezifo kwezi zifo zilandelayo:

• tuberculosis;
• emphysema bullous, kwemiphunga;
• abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo;
• ithumba lung ;
• pneumoconiosis et al.

Ekwakhiwe kuphuhliso pneumothorax ezizenzekelayo sifo kukukhohlela, ukuntywila, uxinzelelo emzimbeni, njalo-njalo. D.

iimpawu

Ngesiqhelo, xa isigulane vana pneumothorax zikwimeko kakhulu. Yena ichwa- yitile, kukho intlungu ngokukhawuleza kwi esifubeni, uqhebeke igxalaba blade, igxalaba nesisu. Uqalisa inkqubela ngokukhawuleza ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuthathaka, cyanosis, kukho ilahleko osezingqondweni, kwandiswe izithuba intercostal, yandise icala uchaphazelekayo womGaqo esifubeni. Iyangongoza ukuphelelwa umoya, hypotension, tachycardia - kwakhona iimpawu valvular pneumothorax.

Umoya olwenzeka ngokukhawuleza em- pleural kunokubangela senhliziyo okanye insufficiency yemiphunga, zize ukufa kwenzeka. Yi iingxaki kade sifo zibandakanya empyema effusion pleural kunye izidubuli.

ekuxilongweni

Doctor neemviwo isigulane utyhila emphysema ongama, ukusilela ngexesha uphefumla kwicala abachaphazelekayo esifubeni sakho, flattening izithuba intercostal. Ukusebenzisa X-ray ukukhanya uchonge atelectasis offset ecaleni enempilo besithunzi mediastinum.

zokuhlatywa Pleural ne manometer likuvumela ukwahlula kwezinye open nganye, ivaliwe nesivalo pneumothorax. Ukuba ilulwelo langoku, wolangazelelo yenziwa olunye uphando effusion pleural kulwakhiwo kumaza microflora. Ukuchonga indawo kunye nobungakanani fistula pleural, aqhube thoracoscopy diagnostic kunye plevroskopiyu.

unyango

Unyango lokuqala pneumothorax valvular kufuneka kujoliswe decompression le mediastinum zamaphaphu, kwaye ukwenza oko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukwenza oku obhobhozayo transthoracic okuhlatywa okanye thoracostomy kunye nokubekwa imbopheleleko yenu umsele Byulau kwisixando sokwenziwa. Kuphela emva kokuba isigulane zazo kwezo ukuya esibhedlele unyango olungaphezulu.

Ukuzinzisa imeko yomguli, oko ilungiselelwayo analgesics non-ezidakumbisayo kunye ezidakumbisayo, amayeza sentliziyo, imithi, antitussives.

Kubalulekile ukuba yisa vana ukuya pneumothorax closed. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka rhoqo amanzi kwisisu pleural. Ukuba ukungena komoya zokumisa ngenxa yokuhambisa amanzi, oku kubonisa umngxuma ngetywina. Esidi ususa iintsuku ezimbini emva ngokupheleleyo woko kwemiphunga, xa kuqinisekiswa radiographically.

Ukuba ukukhanya lingenako ekusasazeni, unyango zoqhaqho pneumothorax. Ukonakala Isifuba kufuna suturing amanxeba kunye thoracotomy. Xa kukho ingozi yokuba imfundo kwakhona kwawo pneumothorax vana zidityaniswe, ngoko ukusebenzisa unyango zoqhaqho sifo ngxabano. Kuxhomekeka ngezifo enze segmentectomy, bilobektomiyu, eziseludinini resection lung, lobectomy, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, kunye nezinye izinto.

uncedo okungxamisekileyo isifo

Kukho iimeko ukuba isigulana linokufuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo valve pneumothorax. Ukuze asindise ubomi bakhe, kufuneka:

• ukunqanda umntu;
• ukuba ukunika kuye ukufikelela umoya;
• Funa iingcebiso zobugqirha ngoko nangoko.

uncedo lokuqala kukuba kwenzakalani udonga ngenaliti esifubeni zamafu. Ngenxa oku kunokwenzeka ukuba ngokukhawuleza ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo ophezulu pleura.

Prevention and abane

Kama of valvular pneumothorax yi Njengokungeniswa lung syndrome pneumoempyema, Cardio-pulmonary insufficiency. Ixesha ukunika uncedo lwezonyango ukunceda abantu ukuphumeza ukuphucuka.

zokuthintela izifo ijolise ekuthinteleni neengozi. Ukongeza, ngexesha pulmonologist kuhlolwa, isifo sephepha kunye ugqirha thoracic ukuchonga izigulane ngezifo miphungeni.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, lo pneumothorax ivelufa ingqalelo izifo eziyingozi kakhulu apho emva kwexesha olu ncedo ekhokelela ekufeni. Ngenxa yoko, izigulane kunye nale ngezifo kusoloko kufuneka udibane nogqirha, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.