Izixhobo imoto. Inkcazelo, isimiso ukusebenza

Injini ithandwayo abo efakwe ngalo mzuzu, le injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi. Uyilo kunye nokusebenza a injini yesithuthi kunokuba elula, nangona ezininzi iindawo apho iqulathe. Makhe sihlolisise le zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Total device DIC

Ngalinye iinjini unalo njengesilinda kunye piston. Xa amandla yokuqala wobushushu zibe ukuguqulwa ngoomatshini kwenzeka, nto leyo ibangele ukuba isithuthi ukuhambisa. Ngomzuzu nje omnye, le nkqubo iphindiwe ezingamakhulu amaxesha, ukuze crankshaft, edulusele ngaphandle kwe motor ujikeleza ngokuqhubekayo.

injini Machine ibandakanya iinkqubo izakhiwo eziliqela kunye zoqwalaselo ukuguqula namandla umsebenzi ngoomatshini.

inobutshijolo wayo;

• nokwabiwa gas;

• indlela igeza.

Ukongeza, kulandela umsebenzi nkqubo:

• amandla;

• ucinezelo;

• ukuqalisa-up;

• apholisayo;

• ukuthambisa ajikeleze.

yesingxobo mechanism

Enkosi kuye, lo Buyisela eshukumayo ibe crankshaft rotary amathuba. Le yokugqibela idluliselwa kuzo zonke iinkqubo lula nje elibujikele, ngokukodwa njengoko amavili lokugqibela zothumelo link. Kwaye asebenza ujikelezo.

Ukuba imoto akazange nabaya isithuthi, lo matshini ngenxa intshukumo, mhlawumbi kwakungayi kuba yimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko umatshini yomsebenzi igeza ukugwetyelwa ngokupheleleyo.

mechanism distribution igesi

Ngenxa ixesha umxube amafutha okanye umoya lungena ngokukhululekileyo lombhobho (ngokuxhomekeke iimpawu ukuyilwa ngomxube kwi injini), koko isuswe iigesi sele zeemoto kunye neemveliso komlilo.

Xa oku exchange igesi kwenzeka ngendlela imali ethile ngelo xesha zicwangciselwe ngokuququzelela imivumbo kunye usisiqinisekiso umgangatho nomxube zomsebenzi, kunye nokufumana isiphumo mkhulu ukukhululwa ubushushu.

inkqubo yonikezelo

Umxube womoya ukuba amafutha combusted kwi iziqulathi. Inkqubo phantsi ingqalelo olawula imali sonikezelo kunye isilinganiso elula. ukubunjwa umxube amaninzi bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle. Kwimeko yokuqala, umoya kunye nezibaso zixubene ngaphandle lombhobho kunye nezinye - ngaphakathi.

inkqubo Power kunye nomxube kumiswa ngaphandle isixhobo akhethekileyo ekuthiwa isiBeki. fuel Oku kutshizwa emoyeni, yaye emva koko lungena ngokukhululekileyo iziqulathi.

Izixhobo motor imoto ukusekwa nomxube lwangaphakathi kunye nenkqubo inaliti le diesel. Kubo izele isilinda umoya, apho zamafutha ungabutofela ngeendlela ezizodwa.

inkqubo ucinezelo

Kukho kwenzeka-ngokwayo enjinini. unit Diesel ayikho kuyimfuneko, njengoko uqalise ngokusebenzisa eliphezulu iqondo ucinezelo ye zezulu, nto leyo iba eneneni shushu.

I-injini zisetyenziswa ubukhulu becala ekubhobhozeni yintlantsi zombane. Noko ke, ukongezelela, ityhubhu ucinezelo ingasetyenziswa kuyo umxube yokusebenza ephakamayo iziyobisi ovuthayo.

Oku uyakwazi kuzitshisa ngomlilo nangezinye iindlela. Kodwa ke isidumbu asebenzisekayo yokuvuselela inkqubo namhlanje.

ekuqaleni

Le nkqubo kuphunyezwa ukujikeleza injini crankshaft kwisiqalo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqala umsebenzi kunye neendlela ngamanye injini xa iyonke.

Ukuqalisa zokuqalisa umsebenzi isetyenziswe ikakhulu. Enkosi kuye, le nkqubo yenziwa lula, ngokukhawuleza ngokuthembekileyo. Kodwa kukho uhlobo zeyunithi womoya, okusebenzayo kumhlaba komoya zixinaniswe kwi balwamkele isiguquli okanye ezikhuselwe nge-electric drive.

Inkqubo elula yesingxobo apho i crankshaft kwi injini cranked kwaye iqala umsebenzi zonke iindlela kunye neenkqubo. Kude kube kamva nje, bonke abaqhubi wamthabatha naye. Noko ke, apho lula kulo mzekelo akungekhe kubekho. Ngoko bonke wenze ngaphandle kwayo namhlanje.

Ukupholisa

Ingxaki yale nkqubo kukugcina kwiyunithi ethile yokusebenza lobushushu. Inyaniso yokuba ukutsha kwi iisilinda umxube kwenzeka kunye ukukhululwa ubushushu. Iiyunithi kunye neenkcukacha ubushushu injini, kwaye kufuneka usoloko ukuba zipholile ukuba zisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.

Avamise kakhulu ziinkqubo ulwelo kunye nomoya.

Ukuze injini rhoqo lupholile, a sokufudumeza efunekayo. Xa Motors omnye ulwelo ithatha radiator yayo indima, nto leyo iquka ezininzi iityhubhu ukuba ukubana kunye bahlehla neendonga zawo ubushushu. Ukususwa ngakumbi nge-fan, nto leyo imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ecaleni ukuya kwiradiyetha.

Kule imiphezulu air-zipholile kwezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa izinto fin lashushu, ngenxa apho ubushushu indawo Exchange ukunyuka kakhulu.

Le nkqubo okupholisa ukusebenza phantsi njalo iimoto mihla lunqabe lusekiwe. Ngokomthetho usetyenziswa izithuthuthu kunye iinjini ezincinane ukutshiswa lwangaphakathi musa kufuna ukusebenza nzima.

inkqubo ukuthambisa ajikeleze

Ukuthambisa ajikeleze kwamalungu kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ilahleko power mechanical okwenzeka indlela igeza kunye nexesha. Ukongeza, inkqubo inegalelo Ukwehla iinxalenye kukuwohloka ethile kobubi.

Ukuthambisa ajikeleze kwinjini yemoto ikakhulu akunakusetyenziswa phantsi koxinzelelo xa ioli inikezelwa ngemibhobho yi impompo.

Ezinye izinto lubricated yi ukutshiza okanye nkxu eolini.

iinjini stroke-ezimbini ze-stroke ezine

isixhobo isithuthi lohlobo yokuqala isicelo kuluhlu ngokwanelisayo elimxinwa: ezincane, izithuthuthu cheap, izikhephe kunye benzokosilkah. Ububi yaso ukulahleka umxube enokutsha ngexesha ukususwa iigesi zeemoto. Ukongeza, le kuhlambulula ngenkani kunye neemfuno kakhulu kwi qeda vana uzinzo thermal na isizathu sokuba amazinga ekukhuleni enjinini.

Xa injini-stroke ezine ezi ezingalunganga kubulelwe camshaft. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo iingxaki zalo. Indlela engcono nokusebenza imoto iyazalisekiswa kuluhlu elimxinwa kakhulu yeenguqu le crankshaft.

Inkqubela zobuchwepheshe kunye ukuvela electronic BU kunokwenzeka ukusombulula le ngxaki. Xa isixhobo motor engaphakathi ngoku iquka ulawulo magnetic, apho imo ixesha elilelona ikhethiwe.

isimiso ukusebenza

ICE isebenza ngolu hlobo. Emva kokuba lisebenze umxube egumbini yokutsha, ukuba zixinaniswe kwaye ibangelwa ube yintlantsi. Xa omlilo velisa uxinzelelo superstrong leyo ziliqhubela piston akwitankana lokugcina. Eqalisa bangqale kwindawo esezantsi kwabafileyo, oko kukuthi umjikelo clock lesithathu (emva zokungenisa ucinezelo), ubizwa ngokuba stroke. Ngeli xesha, ngenxa piston iqala ukuzitshintsha crankshaft. I-piston, nayo, sifudukele kwindawo ephezulu abafileyo, utyhala iigesi zeemoto, nto leyo yesine injini umjikelo iwotshi - ukukhululwa.

Zonke ukusebenza-stroke ezine nto ibonakala ngcono. Ukwenza kube lula ukuqonda indlela iyunithi injini yesithuthi jikelele kunye nomsebenzi wayo kakuhle bukela ividiyo ubonisa ukusebenza injini yokutsha yangaphakathi enjinini.

iswitch

Abanini abaninzi imoto owoyamaniswe ukuya emotweni, bafuna ukuba kude amathuba angaphezulu kunokuba unako. Kaninzi ukwenza oku wasele nenjini, ukwandisa umthamo wayo. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi.

Umzekelo, kuyaziwa chip iswitch xa ikhomputha reprogramming injini isetelwe ukuba umsebenzi onamandla ngakumbi. Le ndlela iye zombini abaxhasi kunye nokuphikisa.

Indlela eqhelekileyo okungakumbi silungisa injini, nto leyo elenza ezinye kokulungiswa yayo. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi endaweni crankshaft kunye efanelekileyo phantsi Pistons zakhe iintonga kokuxhuma; Ephendulwa ebekwe; ukwenza okubi ephucukileyo yokubhabha, njalo njalo.

isixhobo imoto ayikho nzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemiba, wawuquka, kunye nemfuneko ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwabo, ukuze naziphi na iinguqu waba isiphumo efunekayo kufuna wekhondo ngubani baya kwenziwa. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo ngalo, oko kuluncedo ukuthatha iinzame ukufumana ongumyeni ngayo ubugcisa bakhe.