Kobuchopho Japanese: iimpawu, carrier, ugonyo

kobuchopho Japanese - sisifo esosulelayo echaphazela nje kuphela abantu, kodwa kwakhona izilwanyana. Le ntsholongwane luhlasela ingqondo. uqhambuko ezisoloko zikho oluphumayo Agasti ukuya kuSeptemba, yaye kuthabatha iintsuku kungekho ngaphezulu kwama-50 ngonyaka. Ukuvela semvula kwisiqalo kushushu - ukuba bume iyingenelo isifo yomzobo lokuzala - iingcongconi.

A incinane

Nokuba ngo 1871, oogqirha Japanese wachaza sifo kunye esibulalayo 60% yamatyala. Sele 1933 Haiashi ikheswa intsholongwane kwaye ngqo indlela sifo sisasazwa. Ngomhla kummandla Russia, ukukhankanywa yokuqala intsholongwane kobuchopho yaseJapan wabonakala 1938, esi sifo lwafumaneka kwi kumazantsi Primorye.

Le ntsholongwane got igama layo ngenxa kuqhambuka izifo eJapan. Ngaloo maxesha ezoyikekayo, oko kukuthi ngowe-1924, intsholongwane abantu abangaphezulu kwama-7000 yachaphazeleka, i-80% ezigulane bafa.

Kwilizwe lethu, esi sifo ukwabizwa ngokuba B kobuchopho, yingcongconi okanye zasehlotyeni-ekwindla kobuchopho.

Umyalezo weimeyile eziphilayo kobuchopho Japanese

I-arhente causative le sifo sodidi yintsholongwane Flavivirus, lentsapho Togaviridae. Virus abulawe xa lashushu lobushushu degrees 56 banemizuzu engama-30 kuphela. Ukuba Yibilise, ngoko kufa emva kwemizuzu emi-2. Ukuba intsholongwane utshile kwaye emkhenkceni, akasayi kulahleka kwaye mazigcinwe phantse ngonaphakade. Bushushu, intsholongwane ongaba ukukwazi ukuhlala iintsuku malunga nama-45 yaye eliphakathi yobisi phambi kweentsuku ezingama-30.

zithwala kunokwenzeka

Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, lophethe omkhulu zasemanzini. Abanye virus besikrekrethi naye yedwa.

Kwifama kobuchopho lweenkobe Japanese abanokusebenza iihagu kunye namahashe. Iihagu athwale sifo ngaphandle iimpawu, kwaye okuthatha akuntsuku zingaphezu kwe-5. kunqabile kakhulu izigulane iihagu kunokuba izisu ezikhululekileyo.

Umntu onesifo kuyingozi kwabanye. Emzimbeni womntu intsholongwane engena amathe iingcongconi sifo. Kubantu, okuthatha isusela ukusuka iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya-21. Ukuqhubeka yosulelo lwenzeka kwi inyama luvo wamalungu awohlukeneyo obuchopho. izilonda nemithambo ukuba iqokobhe kunokwenzeka kunye isicwili sobuchopho. Kwangaxeshanye, ngezifo amaninzi nazimpawu. Abantu abaninzi abaye zange ubunzima ukusuka kobuchopho, kukho izilwa kwinkqubo yegazi. Nobudala, onke amajoni omzimba zabantu bayiqinisa.

Apho intsholongwane ixhaphakileyo?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le kobuchopho waseJapan yi aziqhelekanga kakhulu kwilizwe lethu. Le ntsholongwane ifumaneka emazantsi mpuma Asia, kwaye uyinxalenye esemantla Australia, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Japan kunye Indonesia. Kuluhlu lwamazwe 'esiyingozi "kuquka malunga nama-24 ithi. Ngokubanzi, phantsi ugrogriso kokuqala lwabemi abantu malunga 3 billion kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Kwilizwe lethu yeengcongconi ezinokubangela izifo zifumaneka kwiilali ishiywe ngaphandle iilali needolophu, kwiindawo apho ndandidla iyana nokufuma eliphezulu.

Pathogenesis

Character for Japanese kobuchopho kuxhomekeke nesimo sempilo. Abantu abanempilo aba, ubungozi ngaphantsi yokuba nesifo. Eyona rhoqo, intsholongwane wabulala sele inaliti.

Ukuba yonke intsholongwane efanayo "nqumama" emzimbeni, uphuhliso wayo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ubushushu bomzimba: ukuba ithe yenyuka, ngoko ke ntsholongwane 'esinxilisayo' kwaye olukhula ngokukhawuleza. Iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni ukwanda negalelo kwikhondo olunzulu kwesi sifo. Xa le ntsholongwane sele onokuwoyisa ngayo umqobo igazi-ingqondo, oko kuthunyelwa parenchyma ebuchotsheni. Oku kulapho intsholongwane kuqala uphuhliso esebenzayo. Kwiimeko kakhulu, andisa unakho ukuqala luvo.

kobuchopho Japanese: Iimpawu

Xa abantu, esi sifo kwenzeka ngamanqanaba amathathu:

1. Qala. Ixesha eliya kuthathwa malunga 3 iintsuku. Lubonakala ngokuba ubushushu ukunyuka yazenzekela ukuya ku-40 ° C, elikwaziyo ukubamba kweli nqanaba malunga 10 iintsuku. Man ndikhathazeke intloko ebuhlungu, kuthibaza, iintlungu apha emqolo empontshwa, iindawo emathunjini we imilenze. Ezinye izigulane zifumana isicaphucaphu, ukuya kufikelela agabhe. Ngamana umfutho kwaye ubadlisa ubomi ubume ukuba ibetha 140.

2. Ithuba oyingozi. Kwi-3 okanye ngomhla 4 iza exacerbation ngezifo, iimpawu zinokuvela ndidandathekile meningitis imeko uphawu isigulana ukuba khokhoma. izigulane abaninzi bagula ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, nemibono, iimfeketho zokufeketha.

kwezihlunu siyandiswa, kwaye isigulane kunokuba kuphela kwindawo lisalele kwicala okanye ngasemva. Izitho ngexesha elifanayo bakwimeko bent. aqaqambayo kwenzeka entanyeni kunye nezihlunu ukuhlafuna. ububomvu kangangoko luvo optic, kude kube ukudumba. Ezinye izigulane kufuneka semiphunga okanye yomoya.

3. Ixesha ukululama. kobuchopho Japanese kweli nyathelo singaqhubela ukuya kwiiveki-7. lobushushu emzimbeni idla izinzisiwe kwaye babuyela esiqhelweni. Kusenokubakho iziphumo ntsalela umonakalo bubuchopho, buthathaka kwezihlunu, ukungabi ulungelelwaniso, bedsores.

Kukho nezigulane ezehlelwa esi sifo sibi, kungekho zimpawu luvo.

izifo ezimandundu kungaba yingozi.

Ingakumbi lwezifo nabanye abantu abane

Activators of kobuchopho Japanese ifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo slaboobzhityh kufutshane amachibi kunye nezimbuku. Kumazwe yimvula, izifo zihlala ixesha elide ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-50. Iqela risk ibandakanya abantu abasebenza endlini okanye kufutshane amanzi. Amaninzi ubunzima ukusuka kobuchopho amadoda Japanese ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-40.

Olusemngciphekweni kwakhona abakhenkethi abaya eholideyini kweli lizwe kunye sezulu, apho kukho ukufuma eliphezulu elingenazo. Le iiPhilippines, Thailand, ingakumbi inxalenye esemntla karhulumente, India, Indonesia kunye namanye amazwe. Abahambi ke ngoko kucetyiswa ngamandla ukuba agonywe ngaphambi kokuya kumazwe afumileyo.

Sase- ukuchacha ezincinane kakhulu, amathuba abafayo 80%. Njengomgaqo, yingozi iintsuku ezisi-7, isigulane nagaxeleka ezilingweni isiqaqa, okanye ukugula yentuthumbo engenasiphelo.

Abantu abaye Balityhutyha ke lonke amanqanaba sifo, basoloko neziphumo intsalela:

• kwengqondo;
• hyperkinesis;
• ukuncipha bekuliphi inqanaba lengqiqo;
• ukukhubazeka;
• imeko asthenic.

amanyathelo zokuxilonga

Lokufunyaniswa kwesifo - yiseti yophando kwezonyango kunye elabhoratri. Xa ukhetha indlela oogqirha utsaleleka kakhulu kwi imeko yesigulane. Sifo ibandakanya:

1. Iimvavanyo Laboratory. Kwiveki yokuqala emva kokuba usulelo ukujonga ngezifo oko kungenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi. Kule Kwiiveki ezimbini ezilandelayo, ungenza ukuhlola isifo olusekelwe kwiziphumo zophando kolwelo fluid.

2. zululwazi. Uxilongo kubandakanya ukusebenzisa enzyme immunoassay, okanye iimvavanyo YE, RNGA-, RTGA- kunye DGC.

Imithi

Unyango kwizigulane "ukudibana" kumda wesangqa ye kobuchopho Japanese ayikwazi kuqhutywa ngugqirha enye kuphela. Uthomalaliso kwakukho izifo ezosulelayo, yeenkqubo zengqondo kunye resuscitators. Phantsi kweemeko umile isigulane ilawulwa a immunoglobulin ethile okanye serum, malunga ka-3 ngosuku ngeveki enye unyango. Kunye nale nokuba unyango kwangumqondiso kunye pathogenetic. Le misebenzi ijoliswe kuthintelo nokudumba yobuchopho, detoxification, kuqheleke onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo.

Ingxaki ephambili yeyokuba impiliso akwenzeki kobuchopho Japanese. Therapy uyakwazi ukususa kuphela iimpawu. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba agonywe ngendlela ngexesha.

Prevention of izifo

Ukuthintela izifo kubaluleke kakhulu ekugonyweni esebenzayo yabemi. Ugonyo nxamnye kobuchopho Japanese unegama "formolvaktsina". Umsi likaxakeka prophylaxis kuthetha ulawulo ml-6 no-10 ml immunoglobulin hyperimmune serum equine.

Ukongeza, nokuthintela izifo - yinto uthotho lwamanyathelo ezibanzi ukukhusela ekuhlaselweni iingcongconi. Ezi nkalo zibe zezinowona mngcipheko epidemiological ukuba ekucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa iimpahla zokuzikhusela. ukusetyenziswa olusisinyanzelo Izigxothi, namafutha ukuya isipreyi, ukusetyenziswa onke amanyathelo okuthintela iingcongconi kwigumbi lokuphumla.

Thuma ukugonyelwa kobuchopho Japanese eMoscow ube kumaziko zonyango kamasipala kunye nawabucala.

Amaninzi, umntu ugonyiwe, "wabulawa" sokugonya, ngoko akukho zingxaki emva kogonyo. Kwangaxeshanye, kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nogqirha xa bekukho negazi lakho. Mhlawumbi imbonakalo ububomvu kunye ukudumba kuyo inaliti. Kubonakale intloko ebuhlungu, urhudo, iintlungu izihlunu. Ezinye izigulane ezikhala isiyezi kunye isicaphucaphu, kuthibaza, krwada.

Ugonyo singàphunyezwa phambi inani kwezifo ezosulelayo nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba yokumitha lokwaphusa, Ukuba kwakusazeka ukuba hypersensitivity lomguli kwiiproteni heterologous, ukusabela namachiza okanye nezidlo.

Namhlanje, kukho 4 iintlobo ezisisiseko imithi kobuchopho Japanese:

• inactivated;
• ngokusekelwe obuchopho mouse;
• inactivated ngokusekelwe iiseli Vero;
• amayeza live aphile okugonya okuncitshiswe.

Isitofu sokugonya kakhulu ethandwa SA14-14-2 wegqitha WHO ngokutsha ziveliswa China.

Kuba abakhenkethi, ugonyo ikhutshwa phandle, ngokuxhomekeke kuyo ilizwe baza ukuya, baya kuhlala apho, malunga ngaphandle edolophini okanye esixekweni, kuba, kwiveki 1, ngenyanga okanye ngonyaka elide kangakanani.

Izitofu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amacebo ezimbini:

Njengabemi kwifama part-time, kufuneka uqinisekise ugonyo izilwanyana, apho bazibonise. Iihagu ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa sokugonya "live". Kwiindawo ezithathwa nje kwiindawo ezisemngciphekweni, uyacebiswa ukuba aphumeze unyango rhoqo zinambuzane.