Lake Chebarkul - eliganukejako eChelyabinsk Region

Lake Chebarkul (kwimephu eboniswe kwifoto ngezantsi) ifumaneka kwi Urals Southern, empuma ye phambene Mountains, i yolawulo - kummandla eChelyabinsk.

igama

igama chibi uvela baxube kweelwimi ezimbini - Bashkir kunye Tatar.

• Ngokutsho Bashkir "Sibur" lithetha "entle", "opholileyo" - "ichibi".
• Kwi-Tatar ulwimi "chybar" - "eqaqambileyo", "engxoweni", kwakunye njengakwimeko yokuqala, i "ichibi".

Ngoko kwathi "ichibi motley elihle". Eneneni, ichibi Chebarkul (eChelyabinsk Region) - enye amanzi eliligugu i phambene Switzerland. Diversity umnike izityalo amanzi, ezikhulayo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunxweme zakhe jiko. Kwanika igama layo elwandle, uphose umlobothi, nomzi, ibekwe esikunxweme lwempuma.

indaba

abantu bokuqala belimiwe endhawini kwedike kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 000 eyadlulayo. Kwi kuloo mida southern nomzantsi-ntshona angaphezu kwamashumi amane iziza zakudala ukusuka Neolithic ukuya ekuqaleni Iron Age.

KumaXesha Aphakathi hambe echibini kwakuhlala izizwe kunye AmaTatar ihlanganiswe kunye Bashkirs. Kwinkulungwane XVII waqalisa uphuhliso kule ndawo enesihlwitha Cossack, "zemisebenzi lyudom 'kunye nabalimi simahla. Ngowe-1736 Chebarkul inqaba yayakhiwe esikunxweme lwempuma kwedike. Iqhuba umsebenzi nokudlalisa ekupheleni unikezelo lokutya ukuya elikomkhulu yephondo - Orenburg. Kodwa nangona ukubonakala njengenqaba, Chebarkul Lake kunye eyingqongileyo ixesha elide kwahlala ngasezibukweni ukuba amasela kunye nezinye "Abantu owenkawu." Ukukhunjulwa elo xesha, omnye kwiziqithi kuthiwa "Bandit".

Angawaconganga le ndawo kunye Pugachev qhankqalazo. Ngowe-1774, le nqaba wathathwa bavukeli endaweni yayo naphezu kunxweme wawubizwa kweminquba yabo. Ebaleka emva kokuba oyisiwe umkhosi karhulumente, "Pugachev" bazitshisa sakhiwo. Kamva, ukubuyiselwa enqabeni wathabatha iminyaka emibini. Kamva baba kwesinye sezixeko omkhulu Urals Southern - kwisixeko Chebarkul (kummandla eChelyabinsk).

Imvelaphi yokwakheka komhlaba

Chebarkul - edikeni imvelaphi ziitectonic plates. yobudala bakhe, izazinzulu sizimisele malunga-10 iminyaka eliwaka. ichibi kunxweme lingama elulwalwa, kodwa kukho asezantsi-ukuxoka, iindawo mgxobhozo. Rocks - gneiss, quartzite kunye pyroxenite. Unxweme qho, ngokufuthi elide.

Chebarkul Lake na iziqithi ezininzi. Kwinxalenye osemantla - idenariyo, abazalwana ababini, Timeshare, Raider, unxweme wasempumalanga isiqithi Char kunye nasezantsi - ngobukhulu - Grachev. Amaxwebhu unxweme sisiya kude edikeni, wazigquma emaweni usingasiqithi Krutik, Nazarysh, Kos, Linden, Cow cape kunye nabanye. angalinganiyo lwayo negalelo ukuvela kwiindawo ezininzi ezinkulu nezincinane kunye chweba, ebizwa ngokuthi abahlali "kuryami".

Inkcazelo kunye Hydrology

Kwendawo, olulichibi Tchebarkul yi 320 m kwindawo yayo -. 19.8 macala onke. km. Ubunzulu liphezulu echibini yi-12 m, avareji -. 6 m In Chebarkul eziqulethwe - million 154 cubic metres. m yamanzi. Eguquguqukayo kwinqanaba layo okungenamsebenzi - 1,25 m nqanaba liphezulu amanzi -. NgoJuni. Lake ukuqanda kwenzeka ngoNovemba, kwaye ice ukunyibilika lugqitywe ekuqaleni May. amanzi, isiqulatho izimbiwa kuwo 0,3679 g ilitha nganye.

Lake ukudla ngendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ubonelelo lwamanzi esilawulwa imvula. Kodwa badlala indima ebalulekileyo kunye nemilambo ezincinane. Echibini Elovka, lusuka echibini. Nespruce, iiwaterways Kudryashevka Kundurusha. Chebarkul uqamba p. Koelga, inxalenye isitya. Obi. Kwakhona ichibi imithombo emthonjeni.

Umgangatho wamanzi dami phantsi kweempembelelo izinto zendalo (imbalela, okanye, phezu koko, iminyaka nekhephu) lehla kancinane. Kodwa 1970 waba ukuwa kakhulu. Ngo-1990, lwaze 318 neemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ngeqondo-320 m. Oku kwabangelwa hayi kangako yi ngokulandelelana iminyaka ezomileyo kakhulu, kungakanani ukuphuza kakhulu kakhulu amanzi echibini eemfuno kummandla Chebarkul (kummandla eChelyabinsk). Elucingweni wayengekho singadluli million 3.6 cubic metres ngonyaka ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo, lo mzi ngoko walidla malunga nezigidi ezisi-8 cubic metres. m amanzi echibini. Amanyathelo athathiweyo Ukwanda ichibi - eyandisiweyo imilambo ebhedini elibaleka kuwo, wakha umbhobho amanzi Kambulatovskogo ichibi, wenza kwesimo imithombo nokususa kufuphi nesixeko. Konke oku kunomvuzo - ngo-2000 amanzi echibini baqalisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukuba baninzi, yaye ngowama-2007 umgangatho yayo bounced umva.

Nature zasendle

Elunxwemeni yasentshona Chebarkul esixineneyo zehlathi coniferous. Kukhona kunqabile ukuba phambene izityalo eMzantsi imithi fake. Bekhula nazo phantse zonke iziqithi kwedike. Kunxweme olusempuma esilawulwa utyani ehlathini - kwintsimi ezinde inqabe kunye iintshinyela asendle lesi yolwandle. Kufutshane elunxwemeni lwamanzi emininzi ikhula kumahlahla willow, alder.

Lake Chebarkul zizityebi sedges, ndinalo, neengcongolo, cattails kunye pondweed. Ingakumbi eninzi utyani kumanxweme ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe of zokupaka kunye chweba. Jer zezi zityalo i indawo owuthandayo ubusika kwaye kwanda intlanzi. Xa esezansi amanzi yee-ehlotyeni rhoqo, ngakumbi kule kuryah efanayo.

Izilwanyana chibi zemveli zilungele amachibi phambene. Oku ikakhulu intlanzi - zeCARP, zeCARP crucian, rudd, bream, Pike, zakhele, nguyá kunye nabanye. Loo iintlobo isekela Chebarkulsky lokuloba. Yena uthwala kwakhona phandle lokuloba. Eli chibi luvuleleke kubo bonke abalandeli okuloba, ngubani na ilobe kulo nyaka-ngeenxa zonke.
Xa angayi, ekukhethwa ukuba ngecala lasentshonalanga, zifumaneka amaxhama, imivundla, iimpungutye, maxa wambi kuvela elk. Xa kuryah Amathafa bazive ngokukhululekileyo malovane ndyoka. irhamba elinobuhlungu - iindwendwe rhoqo phezu kolwandle Chebarkul. Ukuphumla ungenza amalungiselelo unyaka wonke, kodwa kufuneka silumke kwaye siphephe imigxobhozo.

Interesting neqiniso - zimpahla

Namhlanje, idike Chebarkul eyaziwa ehlabathini lonke. Kwaba ukuthandwa ngesiganeko esibalulekileyo. Februwari 15, 2013 ngomhla ummandla kummandla eChelyabinsk kwintaba ephakame malunga-50 km bekukho ukwanda a zimpahla. Lake Chebarkul yaba yindawo amaqhekeza aseleyo ukuwa nezinobunzima 600 kg. NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka, inxalenye yayo (4.8 kg), wavuswa ukusuka ezantsi. Ngoku ke yaseChelyabinsk myuziyam.