MAZ-537: ifoto. MAZ-537 ( "Isichotho"): iinkcukacha

MAZ-537 "yenkanyamba" - iPIN enzima zindandela iilori ezifana, ukulungiselela iinjongo zomkhosi. Lakhutshwa e Minsk Automobile Plant ukususela 1959 ukuya 1965. Ukususela ngowe-1963 iyafumaneka kwi KZKT, Kurgan sisityalo iitrektara ezinamavili. Layisha phezulu ukuya kwiitoni 50 kuhlobo semitrailer ChMZAP-5247G.

Izixhobo MAZ 537

design itektala ilula, yaye ngoko ekhuselekileyo. Cab MAZ-537, ifoto apho ekuqaleni baba zingafumaneki ngenxa vu emkhosini, zine, umnyango-mbini, metal, nee-isifudumezi nkarhinyana. I-injini ibekwe emva elorini kwi injini-transmission gumbi ibekwe ngezantsi ityala wotshintsho ezithwala ukujikeleza ukuya axis ezisibhozo ezizimeleyo. Ngasemva komgca platform nokuhlangana ivili wesihlanu. iinguqulelo ezithile kumatshini zixhotyiswe nge sokutsala into ngentambo. oshukunyiswa itektala enamavili ezisibhozo, ezine phambi babuyelayo. amasondo Tubeless baxhotyiswa zokumpompa xa kwimeko okuhlatywa, imbuyekezo indlela ukulahleka xi. MAZ 537 "Isichotho" ogama iinkcukacha sithetha ngamandla nokuthembeka, ngumzekelo omhle impumelelo zobugcisa emkhosini.

isityalo amandla

A diesel-isantya-12A-525a, malilungiselelwe amafutha GOST 4749-73. Power 525 HP ngo 2100 Rev / min. Iisilinda - umthamo 38.880 cubic metres / cm, inombolo 12, amalungiselelo ezimile-V. Ubukhulu - 150 mm, lo umlinganiselo ucinezelo yi 14.5.

Le ngeemoto mayixhotyiswe preheater lokuqala.

Ukupholisa - ngenkani lokuhamba njengesipholisi.

Unikezelo - emithathu-eqongeni, kunye tshintshela amanzi-mechanical.

Ubukhulu

Ubude - 8960 mm, ukuphakama - 2880 mm, ububanzi 2885 mm. Wamavili - yokuqala neyesibini amazembe 1700 mm, phakathi yesibini neyesithathu 2650 mm, phakathi kwesesithathu nakwesesine 1700 mm.

Track - 2200 mm bonke kwo. ukucoca Ground (ukucoca) - 500 mm.

Weight - tons 21.6.

kokulungiswa

• MAZ 537A - macala iilori, ikwazi ukuthwala iitoni 15 emzimbeni, nobunzima iyonke iitoni ezingama-65 kunye trailer ye umendo okanye neetoni 30 kwindlela zomhlaba.
• MAZ 537D - mayixhotyiswe generator ebekwe AC.
• MAZ 537G - mayixhotyiswe sokutsala into ngentambo.
• MAZ 537K - truck, eyenzelwe zokuthuthwa izixhobo crane elide.
• MAZ 537L - ngenxa ethwele moya, mayixhotyiswe umzimba metal compact.

ukwenza iprojekthi itrekta enamandla entsha

Ekuqaleni-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane yama-20 eSoviet Union kwakukho imfuneko kwizithuthi ezintsha enamandla ukuba emkhosini. Imijukujelwa, izithuthi enzima vehicles qha ukumbiwa iinqaba kunye nezinye izixhobo ezifunekayo ukuze ukuthutha i distance kufutshane yaye elide. Ngakumbi kunzima yanikwa yokususwa kweeyunithi zomkhosi, zibanjwa rhoqo. iinyanga ezintandathu eyachithwa ukuhamba ngololiwe kunye neelori amancinci ubungakanani.

Eyila uvimba jikelele Luqale ekwindla ka-1954 kwaye ihlobo ka-1956 bekukho AMAGQABAZA ▸ ngomumo. Ixesha elide-wheel ezine-drive isisu semoto yaba sisiseko uguqulelo aliqela ilori ethwele yasemkhosini. Iimpawu kumatshini ziyilelwe yokuhamba-elide banga ngesantya we-40 - 50 km / h. ethwele amandla ngokwaneleyo ukuthutha aye kwiqonga enjalo imizili wokuhlolwa. Kodwa lori bakwazi ukulandela kuphela kwiindlela eligangathiweyo kuphela kwi flat sezwe. Yoyisa nkqu ukunyuka encinane ayizange, kuba itreyila akanayo inertia.

isicelo

Uvimba MAZ-537 "kweNkanyamba", iimpawu zobugcisa ababengqina ukuba ukuthembeka kwakhe, liye lasetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa imikhosi rhoqo ukuthutha ezahlukeneyo kweenkqubo yokulwa amanyathelo anokuthathwa. Noko ke, ethwele amaqonga ixesha elide iye lonakele ngenxa ukususwa ngokugqithisileyo nokuhlangana. Ezicace abanakwanela ujikeleziso, ukuhamba kakuhle.

transfer nganye kwenye indawo nokusasazwa empini amelwe umsebenzi onzima kakhulu, isikhoji babeye abafikayo zazo ezintsonkothileyo ukulungelelanisa izifundo ukuyilandela. Ubunzima kwavela ngenxa endleleni emxinwa. Kwi-post-imfazwe eSoviet Union, zonke iindlela zazitsobhi- kakhulu, izithuthi ezihamba emgceni, macala omabini. Ingozi ukuhamba phantsi emhadini kwaba engaphezi. ilori Heavy ke wathabatha band yakhe ngokupheleleyo kwaye wada waya ekhawuntarini. Ukususela umphakathi wawa izikhalazo, kodwa imeko ayikatshintshi.

Ekugqibeleni, umkhosi waqalisa ukulumkisa le imijukujelwa zothutho esondelayo kwangaphambili. Isaziso transfer esondelayo lifumene iinkonzo yendlela amapolisa endlela. ZamaPolisa esilala traffic emendweni, ngaphakathi 25-30 khilomitha, itrekta-trailer kuyo yonke ububanzi endleleni kwaye ngokukhuselekileyo abapasa inxalenye free phambi kokuba kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Emva koko, lo zinonxibelelwano elandelayo enkolo.

Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, i-ofisi ze-Minsk Automobile Plant sele uqalile ukuphuhlisa luguqulelo itrektara iinqwelo kunye index MAZ 535V. Lo mzimba liyavalwa kwaye endaweni nokuhlangana kwayo efakwe nge oluzenzekelayo lock-eligaqa nezifundo ezimbini ujikelezo iphiramidi. umthwalo nkqo kwi Ezomva etektala xa linyuke kakhulu, le abayili kwafuneka ukuba ngokutsha useto ukumiswa diff. Sahlala iibhulorho kunye gear langa kunye umehluko. Ngenxa yoko, i-asi ngasemva kucingelwa inkoliso umthwalo.

MAZ 537

Le ndlela yokugqibela yi itrektara ilori hlukile inkqubo amandla injini kunye lungapholi eziphuculweyo. flanges driveshafts transfer ityala kuye komelezwa. Imfuneko soku wabuza rhoqo breakdowns, xa ilori zilayishwe akakwazanga ukumelana imvula eluziziz wendlela kunye torque injini wazikrazula joint cardan.

Ukudala intsapho izigadla enzima vehicles MAZ 537, iimpawu leyo ephinda parameters ezisisiseko imifuziselo MAZ-535 kunye MAZ 536, oko aphawula ukuqala ixesha kwiklasi entsha iilori, kunye inani eliphezulu umthamo. Kwakukho esinamandla kuphuhliso ezirhuqwayo zokuwahlola enzima ezirhuqwayo eziphantse ukuthutha multi-ton imithwalo ebumbene.

Imfuneko ukuhambisa izakhiwo ezinkulu ebesoloko ekho. oololiwe International uvele ekuqaleni kakhulu kunokuba eSoviet Union, yaye oku yanda kuphuhliso kwezithuthi Soviet lwabasenzi abandisiweyo umthwalo, njengoko kungekho mntu wayefuna ukugcina up ngeteknoloji eliphezulu. Ukuqala eyila amashishini Ushishino lweemoto Bureau liphuhlise ZIS-10 ilori kunye nokuhlangana ivili yesihlanu kwi ngokususela ZIS-5 ngelori eyaziwa. Ethwele umthamo umatshini omtsha 6 kuphela neetoni. ethwele imali encinane ukuba wakhululwa ngokubanzi ZIS-10 akukho ifunyenwe.

nabalingani angaphandle

Ngasekupheleni 30-imi- Avtotransportnik wadibana koololiwe ezimbini enzima imveliso kumazwe angaphandle, iitrektara Daimond T-980 kunye thoáng 28XS, wegqitha eSoviet Union phantsi zengqeshiso Faka-. aze amtsalele kuye baphesheya ukusebenza ngokubambisana kunye ezintathu-asi semi-trailer Roden Trailer, ogama labasebenzi etoni 45. Oomatshini bebexhotyiswa winches naxa uthuthwa izithuthi vehicles.

Ngoxa le amatanki eSoviet Union kunye nezinye izithuthi wamajoni bafudukela kuphela phantsi amandla ayo okanye kuthuthwa kumaqonga kaloliwe. Zombini ezi ndlela nto ibubudenge, kodwa akukho ezinye wayengekho apho.

ngemva kwempi

Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwi-USSR phithi kunye nophuhliso iilori zasekhaya enzima umkhosi nophuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe. Ngowe-1951, isityalo Yaroslavl ubuchule ekuvelisweni yaphambana-asi yaz-210g ngeqonga kunye sokutsala into ngentambo enamandla. imveliso ezinkulu-isikali lezi zimoto akukwazekanga ukuseka, kwaye itrektara efanayo kudlula endleleni, ingakumbi ngexesha lemvula okanye nobudlelwane emthonjeni.

Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi wokudala izithuthi enzima abasafuna izisombululo, ingakumbi kweli lizwe zenzeka uphuhliso lwamashishini olukhawulezileyo, kunye neenkqubo enomjukujelwa zeqhinga wazalelwa emkhosini, owayefuna ukuhamba. amabutho vehicles kwakhona kwakufuneka iitrektara enzima-umsebenzi oluthembekileyo.

isebe design

IBhunga laBaphathiswa ye-USSR ngoJuni 1954, lithathe isigqibo malunga nokusekwa SKB (ofisi ezizodwa uyilo) ukwenzela uphuhliso iitrektara anamandla kakhulu ukuba iinjongo zomkhosi amathuba kuhlenga-hlengiswe uhlobo mveliso yoluntu. Ngoko nangoko ke kwacaca ukuba kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ezikhoyo ngexesha technology mveliso kunye nezixhobo kushishino ngomatshini.

Kwakufuneka ukuqala ngezixhobo oomatshini, ezithengwe kwamanye amazwe izixhobo phambili nokudala ubuchwepheshe obutsha. Kwindibano Minsk Automobile Plant ukuba yaququzelelwa leli SKB MAZ elikhulu, phantsi kwesikhokelo Borisa Lvovicha Shaposhnika. Iingcali inoxanduva ukuba bayile kwaye uqale ukuveliswa itrekta enzima ezinamavili. Ngoko kwakukho Ukruthakruthwano MAZ-535, nto leyo uza kujika zibe MAZ-537, umfuziselo kunye kokulungiswa ezimbalwa.

production

Ekuqaleni, imali eyabelwe kuphuhliso Supercar, baba zaneleyo kuba lo matshini kunokuba eqolo. Emva ngokulungisa umsebenzi uqalile inkxaso-mali yale projekthi. nosisombululo esiphezulu baye bamkelwa eziye akaze asetyenziswe Ushishino lweemoto yasekhaya. Kwafuneka ukuba athathe ingqalelo iimeko zokusebenza ngokukhethekileyo neelori ezinkulu, uvumelane iiyunithi ukuya uluhlu amaqondo ukusuka dibanisa 50 ukuya thabatha degrees 50, permeability oxwesileyo kunye nezinye iparameters ezininzi.

Heavy truck iteletele MAZ-537 baqalisa ngobuninzi imveliso ngo-1965. Isithuthi esibekelwe ukuba ezirhuqwayo ethwele kunye mkhumbi ngokobunzima ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-40. Ukusuka kuguqulelo esisiseko 537-I imodeli hlukile yasiwa umva mechanism ivili yesihlanu (345 mm) kwaye luqiniswe nokumiswa diff. MAZ 537 kwi restyling rhoqo. Kwinkqubo yemveliso benziwa umsebenzi ityala dluliselo zixhonywe umvelisi gear transmission ejikelezayo. umthamo Car Ukuphakamisa anda kakhulu yaye zaba ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-68.

Ngaxeshanye kunye iitrektara iilori enzima ziyaphuhliswa kwaye ziveliswa uthotho flatbed ngeelori kuphela ukuya umthwalo ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-22 kwi emendweni. Umzimba wenqwelo enjalo hhayi ifakwe izitulo, akabanga arc kunye ukuthambeka, isetyenziswa kuphela ezizukileyo kweempahla. Lubeke phantsi emzimbeni sokutsala into ngentambo for self, xa enqweleni lixinga.

kwempucuko

Emva kwexesha elithile, emkhosini yala maxesha MAZ-537, yaye imoto kwanikezwa index "P". Ukucacisa kuhlala injalo, kodwa into ngentambo wabhangiswa, kwaye umzimba aguqulwa ukuthutha amajoni. Ecaleni enezinto longitudinal izitulo ezifakwe kunye izinyeliso ngenxa intente, leyo ilawulwa ukuphakama - kwindawo ephantsi isisitho umthwalo igutyungelwe kwindawo ephezulu wakhonza ukukhuselwa imvula nekhephu abantu. Ngokuhambelana nenjongo itrekta eyakhelwe MAZ 537P akwazi bemlandela iqonga neenkqubo ngezikhali.

Operation iitrektara nabaya kufuna iingcali inkonzo, abaqhubi abafanelekayo noseko izinto ahambelanayo. Ngoko ke, xa imi--70 kwasekwa lweshishini ezikhethekileyo ukuthutha endaweni enye imithwalo oversized kwaye inzima. Association "Spetstyazhavtotrans" benza ukuthuthwa kweempahla non-esezantsi, lo gama ekuphuhliseni iindlela kangangoko. Neelori "MAZ-537" ziye abathuthwayo iibhloko emarmore emhlophe anobunzima 300, kulwakhiwo isikhumbuzo VI ULenin eLeningrad. Ngokuba lo izithuthi eyodwa imisebenzi kufuneka begubungele ilizwe lonke.

izigadla ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi "MAZ-537 'emantla, leyo kuthwalelwa phandle ngokubekwa oyile negesi imibhobho. imoto nabalulamileyo esebenza kakuhle ezibandayo. Ingakumbi kuthutho berhasi kudala ndiqhuba amalungu zadalwa trubopletevoz PV-481 ngokusekelwe Ukruthakruthwano "MAZ-537". Kwakhona ukuba isetyenziswe kwiimeko arctic wadala AMAGQABAZA ▸ lomlilo-ekulweni izithuthi, amanqaku zobugcisa mobile, ATVs inqwelo yezigulana. Noko ke, imveliso ngobuninzi leesampulu zovavanyo zamkelwe.

Ngowe-1991, i-Kurgan sisityalo iitrektara onamavili baqalisa imveliso lothotho inani semitrailer enzima KZKT-9101, umthamo umthwalo iitoni-54, kuba ethwele MAZ 537 neengcaciso ebekiweyo idibana ngokupheleleyo kunye data semitrailer. Ukudityaniswa kumacandelo yaba yimpumelelo, abathengi bakwazi ukuthenga ekunene umyalelo olunye, kunye itrektara inqwelo erhuqwayo.

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, imveliso MAZ-537 aze amtsalele kuye, iifoto ezo thaca kwiphepha, ngokuthe ngcembe lixesha zombini ngokuziphatha enyanisweni. Lo matshini uzigqibile ngokwayo, amathuba ophuhliso ngakumbi loma. Yaqala ukubonakala iziphako ngaphambili ezifihlakeleyo yabangela ezininzi izikhalazo ubomi inkonzo phantsi le mveliso. Ukusebenza itrektara iye yanxulunyaniswa breaks rhoqo ukuze ilungiswe, umkhosi MAZ-537 ngo amatanki zothutho kunye nezinye izithuthi vehicles akanakukwazi ukubaginya le nqanawa, ekwafuneka ukulandela ngokwahlukeneyo. Kuba oku kufuneka ukutsala iimoto ezongezelelweyo.

Ekugqibeleni, itektala entsha KZKT-7428, nto leyo idibana ngokupheleleyo iinjongo ze zothutho yokulwa umkhondo izithuthi yayisekelwe imodeli 537-th. Okwangoku, intsapho eliphezulu-amandla iitrektara ivili elisombulula ngempumelelo zonke iingxaki yokuthuthwa kwezixhobo wamajoni omkhulu, kwakunye nezakhiwo yoluntu-mveliso omkhulu-ubungakanani.