Museum of Tula gingerbread. Tula: iindawo ezinika umdla

samovars City, gunsmiths, imvisiswano gingerbread, indawo awazalelwa-zasekhohlo - iinkosi Russian zomhlaba. Konke oku Tula, iimyuziyam kunye ezinika ukuba ibekwe kwiziko zembali. Le dolophu elula kakhulu ukuba abahambi: oko kumgama weeyure ezintathu ukusuka eyinkunzi esimiyo phezu kaloliwe zendlela iindlela kwicala olusemazantsi Russian.

Apho ukuqala ukufunda

Ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje, Tula enkulu ngokwaneleyo. Kunjalo, ezinika yayo engundoqo ungabona ngosuku nje olunye. Ukuqala ukuhlola umzi kweyona ndawo intle Tula yesicelo. Emva koko, ungenza chu ezitratweni yamandulo ukuba amagama isixhobo. Kwaye ke, kuyafuneka ukuba ukujonga ezintathu ezinika elifana kakhulu: Museum of Tula gingerbread, samovars nemipu.

Kubathandi imbali kunye noluncwadi mzi kukho iindawo ezininzi umdla. Imbali House Museum Veresaeva kunye nezinye iimyuziyam imo Tula, kwaye nje izakhiwo ezindala XVIII-XIX eminyaka - abarhwebi izindlu yokuhlala, izakhiwo ezisemthethweni magnificent basebukhosini 'ukutsala ingqalelo abatyeleli.

Abakhenkethi kufuneka ibanjwe kwi "ngamaplanga" Tula, izitalato endala, babehlala imihla yabo yokugqibela. Nangona uninzi izindlu Bagciniwe akulunganga kakhulu, phakathi kwabo ungabona obukhulu bemifanekiso wokwenene.

Tula yesicelo

Yena yahlukile kwezinye izakhiwo ezifanayo Russian. I yesicelo angafanele umlambo, yaye phambi kwakhe. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba nakubugcisa iyamangalisa. Kodwa yena, ukuba ube yinxalenye yenkqubo zokuzifaka apha esixekweni, yenye ezinqabeni zinamandla Russian. Phezu kwimbali yayo, i- Tula yesicelo ayithathanga iintshaba naphakade. Nokuba ngexesha lemvukelo Bolotnikov, kuphela ukutshona oko, wakwazi ukuba kkuba abo bavukeli kweso sixeko.

Imilo ye-yesicelo ilula. Oku kwakhiwa elimile quadrangle. LeZiseko zokuFunda kunye inxalenye esezantsi ezenziwe ilitye elimhlophe, kunye top - eyenziwe ngezitena. Ubude eludongeni - kancinane ngaphezu nekhilomitha enye, ukuphakama - leemitha ezilishumi. I yesicelo imi phezu kumhlaba zitsho oki ndawonye. Bahlela isiseko ngokwandisa nzulu iziimitha ezisibhozo. Namhlanje walondoloza zonke iinqaba abasithoba inqaba, ezine emjikelezileyo, kwaye abanye isikwere.

Museum izixhobo

Ngowe-1989 kwenziwa isigqibo ngayo ukubeka ukuqokelelwa, avuleke apho iminyaka emininzi ukuqokelela Tula ezingalweni mveliso kwindawo eyayisakuba nendlu yengingqi. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba umthetho uPetros, akhuphe lo myalelo nokuba. Namhlanje, ngenxa kwesi sigqibo osisilumko, abakhenkethi bafumana ithuba lokubona iipateni ezininzi umdla ngu iinkosi isixhobo, ukususela kwixesha uPetros namhlanje.

Kukholelwa ukuba iThule baboniswa ukuba wonke umntu ukubona ingqokelela olugqityiweyo kwilizwe lethu. Xa museum unako ukulandela le ngendaleko kwezixhobo Russian.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho imizekelo kuphela Tula seengcibi. Kule myuziyam kukho umpu, leyo wadalwa eNgilani, eJapan, France, Iran, Turkey, Belgium, Germany kunye namanye amazwe. Boyolo ethile ukuba avuleke ukusuka ukuqokelelwa 'umpu kaKumkani. "

A impumelelo enkulu phakathi iindwendwe zanandipha ngemicroscope. Nabani na ukukhangela kuwo ukubona iintakumba ukuba banxibe Tula inkosi odumileyo. Itikiti Museum kubiza engange-80 abantu abadala, 100 engange - ukuthatha imifanekiso isisombululo.

Inkolelo Cathedral

It elimiswe embindini ilitye yesicelo. isiseko sayo lalisele likho kwiminyaka 1628-1629. Ekuqaleni, Ingqikelelo Cathedral yakhiwa njenge itempile zasehlotyeni. Okwangoku le sakhiwo umdla hayi kuphela ngokwemigaqo lwezakhiwo, kodwa ke ixabiso layo yokuluka. Phakathi mizobo uyakwazi ukubona Imizobo ezinqabileyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kumaBhunga zeformula. Ngo-2012, nenqaba inkenteza kwingcinga Cathedral zaqalwa umsebenzi wokulungisa. It isigqibo ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo nenqaba intsimbi, apho kanye, baphahlwe ukuya kwiimitha asixhenxe. A Zazihonjiswe neentsimbi ezimashumi mabini anababini.

Epiphany Cathedral

Ukuba kuphela ehlotyeni abalungiselelayo Cathedral ye kwingcinga, kule ndlu aba ngeenxa zonke. Ku yakhiwa kamva - ngo-1865 kwinkumbulo labo babulawa amajoni IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Ngowe-1892 waba ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, kuba kwaqhutywa ukufudumeza amanzi eRussia lwepaki ngaloo mihla. Kodwa ke, ebudeni beminyaka Soviet, i Epiphany Cathedral ukuba bazitshisa kwiklabhu eziphaphazelayo, yaye emva - kwabadlali.

Tula gingerbread

E Tula, le uju uthandwa kakhulu. Ngubani asingethandi ikomityi yeti kunye gingerbread yobusi? Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi Tula gingerbread emehlweni ngomculo wayo emangalisayo kunye nomgangatho. Kutshanje, oko nawo museum yayo, apho wonke undwendwe ungabona iindidi imiboniso "okunencasa". Yonke le nto yaqala kudala ...

Indlela ukupheka i Tula gingerbread

Xela ukuba ngubani na okokuqala oko kwenze xa, akuthathi mntu. Sisihlandlo sokuqala Tula gingerbread zigcinwe lolondolozo lwembali kuShafan umbhali, 1685. Ukuze amaxesha zethu nangoku walondoloza ibhodi ekhethekileyo apho ababephila ngayo kuligweba Diversity gingerbread. Bona wagawulwa ezinde okanye emibhaka. Age of umthi kufuneka ube neminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Kuba ngamaplanga gingerbread esetyenziswa kuphela inxalenye esezantsi buti, oko kwenziwa iziqwenga malunga ezintlanu iisentimitha lalingqingqwa kwaye woma iminyaka phantse mabini. Kungqameko inkosi iibhodi amandla lubricated ngewaxa okanye resin. Emva umthi ulungele, umkroli, igcisa waqalisa ukwenza umzobo. Ezi iibhodi, eneneni, le fomu apho ukubhaka Tula gingerbread.

incazelo

I gingerbread yokuqala eRashiya ebizwa ngokuba 'isonka ubusi ". Engeniswe emhlabeni Russian Vikings. Kwathi kwinkulungwane IX. Kwaba lelo xesha ke eRashiya baye bafunda ukuba enekuku igwele kunye broths ngeziqhamo eyomileyo. Ngoxa izonkana eziyolisa intliziyo yaba intlama eyenziwe rye yomgubo, ugalelwe incindi berry nobusi, le nto yokugqibela ibalwe kuba phantse isiqingatha lilonke.

Kamva ebusini isonka baqalisa ukudibanisa iingcambu kunye imifuno yasendle. Yaye XII-XIII iinkulungwane, xa umhlaba intsimbi Russian elizweni isuka eMiddle East India, iintlobo esiqholiweyo nezingaqhelekanga, iminqathe, wafumana igama layo ngoku, ukuba phantse ngokupheleleyo kwenziwa uju emangalisayo, nto leyo ngoku eyaziwa kubo bonke.

Ngcamla iintlobo kwakuxhomekeke uvavanyo, ukwakhiwa kwayo, indlela yokulungisa baking. A indima ebalulekileyo ebidlalwe yi iziqholo kunye nezongezelelo, nto leyo kumaxesha amandulo wabizwa ngokuba "imimoya owomileyo." Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu zaba ilamuni, ipepile emnyama, zetyeleba fennel Italian, Vanilla, Chuba orange Wild kunye ijinja, ikumin, anise, nutmeg kunye cloves.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII ka Tula gingerbread eyaziwa kakade Perm kunye Arkhangelsk, Kursk kunye eKharkov, ukulungela ukusebenza, Novgorod njalo njalo. D. Ngokuthe ngcembe, baza baqalisa ukwakha imveliso yalo gingerbread emnandi. YaseTver Pryanichnikov waba iivenkile e Paris, eBerlin kunye London.

museum indalo

Le mbono ukuvula lo mboniso, wazalwa ngo-1994. Kunye neminyaka emibini kamva, ngosuku lweshumi enyangeni-Oktobha 1996, lo imyuziyam "Tula gingerbread" (Idilesi :. Oktyabrskaya, ndlu 45A) sivulwe. Le ise kwisithili, kakhulu kude ukusuka kwiziko yimbali. I-museum Tula gingerbread eyedwa entsonkothileyo kwinkulungwane XIX. Yaba yangaphambili izakhiwo ezingaphandle abazalwana Lalin, gunsmiths kunye samovarschika. Kufutshane kwaye evenkileni apho Bosa amaqebengwana, kwakunye ivenkile inkampani, apho abakhenkethi ukuthenga njengezikhumbuzo fresh-ethe, kwaye ezahlukeneyo.

Tour le lolondolozo lwembali

Iindwendwe uyakwazi ukubona Amazing iimilo gingerbread kunye nobukhulu, ukusuka encinane, ukuba ixabiso idenariyo, kwaye pounder. Bonke bephela eyenziwe ngokunxulumene nayo nayiphi na imeko ethile. Ukuqokelelwa kwe-museum kukho gingerbread cookies zembali, iziqinisekiso, ebulisa, lobuqu, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Abo unethamsanqa inxaxheba kwimisebenzi fun, ukusela iti kunye gingerbread, leyo acwangcise "Tula gingerbread" imyuziyam. Amaxabiso uqale khenketho kunye engange kwikhulu imizuzu elishumi, kwaye ephatha nandi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo kuya ikushiye iindwendwe. Kodwa ukwenza iikeyiki, nowezonkana ezisicaba ezingenagwele kwivenkile ekufutshane, wakhonza kunye ubushushu-ubushushu kwaye abe livumba emangalisayo unique zobusi namasi. Inkqubo yonke ifana kakhulu iindwendwe. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto imyuziyam Tula gingerbread ngexesha ngokungalindelekanga elifutshane ixesha athandwa kakhulu. Kubonakala ukuba bangene kulo, ndihambe nge kwiiholo kunye njengesikhokelo, kubalulekile ukuba kurekhodwe phantse inyanga.

nemiboniso

"Imbali karhulumente Russian" - phantsi eli gama kukho Ndinibonisile ingcaciso, ephethwe yi-mveliso ilekese lobulali "Endala Tula". Le nkampani unembali ende kunye namava ekwenziweni kweyakwantu gingerbread eprintiweyo indlela endala-lixesha, ngesandla usebenzisa iintlobo kuphela ngamaplanga.

Lo mboniso kakhulu umdla imyuziyam, yaye lo mboniso yi ubukhulu gingerbread imitha olukhulu semitha. Oku fiso impilo, impumelelo nolonwabo i CF "Endala Tula" ebhaliweyo. Kwaye nje abeke up iikherothi kufutshane yaye incinane, nokuba ubunzima grams amahlanu kuphela.

Museum of Tula gingerbread yenye mncinane kwisixeko Tula. Kuba phantse amabini eminyaka amava iye yafumana udumo kuphela e Tokyo, kodwa ukulungela ukusebenza, yaseChekhov, nkqu eMoscow. Nantsi libali lokwenyaniso i uju Russian yakudala, leyo eye bahlile beza kuthi, ukususela kwixesha lakudala. imveliso somnqatha siqalise zafumana amahla nezimbi: kwakukho ilahleko, kunye nokuzalwa.

Iindwendwe ziya uthethe ngazo zonke izithethe zamandulo nezithethe ezinxulumene gingerbread ezizodwa. Bayakwazi ukubona uze uthelekise kwathiwa yenzelwe ngayo kwiimeko mihla, kwaye jonga abo iisampuli, leyo zaveliswa kwiifom endala.

Kukho kwakhona thaca njengoko incinane, ubukhulu ngaphezulu kunesiqhelo amahlanu eerandi kancinane, gingerbread, kwaye inkulu - pood, nto leyo ke omnye kuphela kulo lonke ilizwe lethu.