Nephrostomy: oko kukuthi, utyando, unyango, uthintelo kunye neziphumo

Izintso kufuneka ukunika ngomnye weyona misebenzi ibaluleke gqitha - Ukukhethwa kwemveliso lotshintshiselwano emzimbeni. Ukuba oku akwenziwa, umntu uyafa ngenxa ukunxila metabolites yakhe.

Kwezinye iimeko, kwezintso umsebenzi kuqhokrwa ezahlukeneyo lwezidumbu States. Phakathi kwabo - ukuyilwa somhlaza, urolithiasis. Kulo mzekelo, i ukuhluza igazi kunye nokufunxwa lweziqalelo kwezimbiwa kuthatha indawo, kodwa imveliso yokugqibela yi hayi kwimveliso. Nokuseka inkqubo, eyasekwa nephrostomy.

Yintoni na xa luyimfuneko? Nephrostomy yi umbhobho (idreyini) uqhagamshele isinqe wezintso kwaye kwakuthe ngaphandle. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba umchamo kunye ukunxila ekunqandeni.

Nephrostomy - ntoni na? imisebenzi

Njengoko waziwa, kwimeko somhlaza, umsebenzi ezinkulu yaye alondoloze umsebenzi omzimba alusoloko lusebenza. Maxa wambi inyama ochaphazelekayo phezu indawo enkulu kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo ukwenzela ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe somhlaza. Kwezinye iimeko, phezu koko, lo msebenzi olukhulu akwenzeki ngenxa ukuphazamiseka abuthethileyo lomzimba. Ukulungiselela le njongo, oko yasungulwa uqhaqho lokudambisa. Abazi enokukhokelela ekubeni unyango, kodwa negalelo ukubuyiselwa imisebenzi nokomzimba. imisebenzi lokudambisa kwenziwa onke amasimi Oncology, akukho ngaphandle kunye nokhathalelo yomchamo.

Ngoko ukuba basungule umsebenzi excretory lomzimba ukusindisa umntu ukunxila zemveli, aqhube nephrostomy. Oku uhlatyelwe ityhubhu yokukhupha amanzi kwinkqubo kidney pyelocaliceal. Isiphelo mahala nephrostomy akhutshelwe ngaphandle, oko kukuthi, lo ngaphezulu elufeleni. Ukuze oku oludityaniswe isikhongozeli eyodwa iimveliso ekupheleni nencindi yokucolwa wenza indiva esinyini, urethra kunye imibhobho.

Lo msebenzi usebenza uhlobo unonophelo lokudambisa, ngoko ugqirha kufuneka ucinge kakuhle ukuba isigulana ethile kufuneka nephrostomy. Yintoni na nendlela yokunyamekela oko, yena, uya kusityela kwisigulana phambi uqhaqho. Kunye nokufakelwa kidney sesixokelelwano lwenziwa kuphela ngemvume ebhaliweyo kumguli okanye izalamane zakhe. Kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya iyonke imeko yomguli kunye kugqiba ukuba benze kanjalo ukusebenza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba nephrostomy ukunikezelwa

Njengaso nasiphi na eyenziwe ngumntu imisele, nephrostomy kwi izintso enze a ebalulekileyo umsebenzi. Amaninzi, ukuba imiswe umhlaza nkqubo genitourinary. Ubuncinane - ngamanye ezimbi ezinkulu yomchamo. Kukho izikhokelo ezithile ekuthe kusekwa nephrostomy. Olu tyando lwenziwa, ukuba nephrostomy unawo okukhomba zilandelayo:

1. Umhlaza kwezintso okanye kweminye imibutho kwinkqubo womchamo.
2. Hydronephrosis.
3. Urolithiasis ngakumbi ubukho ngamatye amakhulu.
4. Ukudlulela ithumba nawuphi na emzimbeni, abenze amalungu zangasese.
5. Ureteral kokuphazamiseka ngenxa ucinezelo of ngaphandle kwayo okanye zingaxhomekekanga.

Nephrostomy hayi kunceda nje ukubuyisela yayikukuphuphuma ulwelo ivela emzimbeni, kodwa kwakhona ukuthintela okuvela komtshiso oko. Ngenxa yoko, wakuphepha ukusilela kwezintso ezingapheliyo kunye bukhali.

Lo msebenzi ayikho asisoloko sithetha ukuba isixokelelwano semibhobho yokufakelwa iya kuba emzimbeni ngokusisigxina. Kwezinye iimeko, emva kokuba unyango ekhethekileyo (utyando, ichemotherapy) nephrostomy isusiwe. Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukubuyisela ukuqukuqela umchamo ngexesha ukwenza iinkqubo zokuxilonga (stenting).

Izimo ukuba nephrostomy

Nangona imfuno engxamisekileyo uqhaqho nephrostomy akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba enze. Izimo ziquka ezinjalo ithi:

• ukopha yokudla;
• BP eyenzeke;
• anticoagulation.

Kuba izifo apho coagulation igazi aphazanyiswa unxulumene kubazali bakhe, ukopha vasculitis, purpura thrombocytopenic kunye ezifana. D. Kwezi ezimbi naluphi na ungenelelo zokusebenza eziyingozi ebomini. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo le anticoagulants ukwamkelwa - amayeza, ithinasi igazi. Nephrostomy ukumisa kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu nto leyo efanele ulungiso iziyobisi. Ukuqhutywa utyando kule meko contraindicated ngenxa amathuba okuba nestroke nokothuka cardiogenic.

Amalungiselelo yokulungiselela nephrostomy

Kwiimeko kwephulwa nencindi umchamo, ongayi kuba nako alunakupheliswa ngoncedo amayeza, kufuneka nephrostomy kwi kwizintso. Umsebenzi ukuba yifake, njengokuba umthetho, oku kuthatha ixesha elide, noko kunjalo, lifuna ukuhlala esibhedlele.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka uye etyandwa, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iimvavanyo diagnostic. Phakathi kwabo - iimvavanyo zegazi jikelele kunye kwemichiza, urinalysis, coagulation. Ukuba unobangela anuria (ukutyeshelwa nencindi umchamo) akucacanga, iimviwo nezixhobo ezifunekayo. Ezi ziquka urography excretory, ultrasonography ezintso, CT.

Su nephrostomy

Izigulana, kakade, ufuna ukwazi oko kufunekayo nephrostomy into obuyiyo nendlela lona ke. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukugqiba idreyini mcinga ukusuka kidney nolusu ebusweni for ezinamava oogqirha njengento elula msebenzi. Enza umsebenzi zombini phantsi zomzimba jikelele kwaye ngoncedo Ukubulawa yasekuhlaleni. Nephrostomy eyenziwa ngokukhawuleza, ngaphakathi imizuzu eli-15-20. Noko ke, emva kokuba umsebenzi isigulane kufuneka zibekwe esweni. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlola nokufunyanwa umchamo lokuphuma. Kukho 3 iintlobo nephrostomy. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Ukwenziwa zotyando evulekileyo.
2. ufakelo yamanzi laparoscopy.
3. nephrostomy Percutaneous.

Kaninzi lwenziwa ukhetho lokugqibela. Ifakela nephrostomy okuhlatywa ngesikhumba kwaye ezenza izihlunu ke zivunwe ngcono zizigulane. Ukongeza, utyando percutaneous kugqalwa ngaphantsi kubuhlungu ngaphezu utyando evulekileyo. Yena wenziwa phantsi ultrasound okanye X-ray.

Technique of operation iquka okuhlatywa ulusu, nenqatha, izihlunu kunye kidney parenchyma usebenzisa inaliti okuhlatywa. Ngexesha ukubulawa ugqirha nephrostomy ebukela esweni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko kufuneka avuke inkqubo pyelocaliceal ngaphandle kokonakalisa esikule ezingqongileyo. Emva ukufakelwa inaliti ukucwangcisa semibhobho tube, kwicala mahala yayo iqhotyoshelwe ukuba isikhwama ingqokelela umchamo.

Xa ukususa ukwenza nephrostomy?

Ukuba umsebenzi lwenziwa ukuphumeza unyango zonyango (ichemotherapy, stenting sezintso nemithambo), emva kokuba ukuncipha nephrostomy isusiwe umchamo nokomzimba lokuphuma.

Ngamanye amaxesha ityhubhu idreyini ezimiselwe kangangexesha elingenammiselo. Amaninzi kunye nomhlaza ne kakhulu. Ngelo xesha ke kufuneka ukuba indawo umane nephrostomy. Oku kufanele kwenziwe kwi yokusebenza egumbini. Ngokungafaniyo kotyando sokuqala, izicwili okuhlatywa ayifuneki, ekubeni fistula lokuvula kwakhiwa.

Lokubuyisa emva kotyando

IXesha ekuPhulukenwe nalo emva nephrostomy fast. Kakade ngolokuqala usuku umguli Ungasa ehlabathini ward umsele tube. Thatha antibiotics emva kotyando kufuneka iintsuku 5-7 kuthintelo losuleleko. Kwiintsuku nje 2-3 igazi unako ukungena ebhegini. Oku kungenxa izitya okubuhlungu sezintso. Emva kweentsuku 3, wopha oyekayo. Ukuze ulawule ukuhamba umchamo wavelisa ultrasound.

Nephrostomy: ukunakekelwa ekhaya kuphela

Ekubeni semibhobho umzimba bezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni, nangaliphi na ixesha oko kunokwenzeka kusuleleko. Oku ulumkisa isigulane ngasinye, Nokubekwa nephrostomy. ukhathalelo Catheter kufuneka wenziwe rhoqo. Ngu iindlela zothintelo losulelo ziquka:

1. Ukuhlamba kunye tube yokukhupha amanzi saline kunye ebulala. Ukulungiselela le njongo ukulungiselela "Chlorhexidine" okanye "Furatsilinom".
2. Kokubeka ngebhandishi engenazintsholongwane kwindawo lenxeba yotyando.
3. yokulahla ngexesha le yokuchamela.
4. Ukubeka iliso ngugqirha rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2.

Izigulane babe nephrostomy, awukwazi imithambo, phakamisa iintsimbi. Le inflection tube yokukhupha amanzi kungabangela iingxaki, ngoko ke catheter kufuneka endaweni enye.

Doctors malunga nephrostomy

Ngokutsho urologists, nephrostomy - ngumlinganiselo kuyimfuneko, ngaphandle apho akunakwenzeka ukuyenza. Naphezu kobunzima evela ukusebenza, kunye nemfuneko ukunyanyekelwa amanzi, nokufakelwa catheter izigulane kufuneka ulugcine ebulalayo ukunxila nosuleleko.