Neuropathy umhlaza wemiphunga: Okwangoku, unyango, imbali yezonyango. lung neuropathy umhlaza share

Isiqhelo yakutshanje ekukhuleni lomhlaza. It iphenjelelwa yimiba ezininzi. Esinye isifo eqhelekileyo umhlaza wemiphunga peripheral. izehlo yayo kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo kuye kwanda kakhulu, kwaye kuwo onke amazwe. Amaninzi amaxhoba akhe madoda, kodwa abafazi abawaphephi le ngxaki.

Yintoni umhlaza kwemiphunga?

Kumazwe amaninzi, Oncology uthathwa ityala inani omnye ukufa kwangoko. Phakathi zonke izifo yamathumba somhlaza emiphungeni kuvela kaninzi. Xa iiseli eziqhelekileyo ayeke ukusebenza ngaphambili kwaye uqale angalawuleki ukwabelana. Ngoko ke kukho ithumba ngumhlaza.

Ingaba isakhiwo ezahlukeneyo histological, kunye nophuhliso kwimeko ngenqanaba ngalinye ezahlukeneyo ekukhuleni. Ukuba kukho enomahluko cell carcinomas carcinoma, yenzeka kancinci, undifferentiated, phezu koko, esibonakala ukwanda kunye nokukwazi ukunika metastases kakhulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, nethumba iphuhlisa kwenye emiphungeni, amaxesha amaninzi kubonakala umhlaza lobe peripheral. Apho ngakumbi kusenokwenzeka nethumba yenzelwe esithinzini eliphezulu. Kukho breathability ngakumbi nesakhiwo lula ngakumbi bronchus. Oku phantse umgca othe ngqo liyaqhubeka uqhoqhoqho, ukuze zonke izinto eziyingozi zingene engalelwa bani.

Izinto ezibangela umhlaza wemiphunga

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kwasungulwa inkqubo yokukhula weeseli umhlaza kona ndoda ngokwayo. Ukungananzi empilweni yabo ekhokelela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ezinjalo. Amaninzi umhlaza wemiphunga peripheral uqala ukuphuhlisa ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

1. Smoking. Esi sesinye sezifo ezibaluleke kakhulu lusisisekelo izifo. icuba iqulethe isixa esikhulu izinto ezinobungozi kunye ityhefu, nayo umhlaza. Phantse 75-90% yazo zonke iimeko lomhlaza zinxulunyaniswa ukutshaya. Oku kuquka yemidiza etshaywa ngabanye abantu. Abanye oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba eyona kuyingozi ngaphezu nokutshaya ngqo ukutshaya.

2. izinto Occupational, phakathi apho indawo olulodwa awayephantsi zilandelayo izinto eziyingozi :

• Nickel kunye nemixube yayo;
• esiyityhefu;
• radon kunye neemveliso zayo ukubola;
• amalahle tar.

3. Ungcoliseko lomoya. Le nto ibonakala kuphela xa kokonakalisa nkampani, kodwa ecaleni zeendlela, kude ngaphaya imizi. Ingakumbi wathinta yabemi kwezo zithili zemfundo kunye nezixeko apho kukho izandyondyo kushishino, iikhemikhali kunye petrochemical.

4. umoya ezimdaka kwindawo zokuhlala. Ezi meko ke azibandakanyi nje kuphela indlu nomsi, kodwa kongcoliseko ezinxulumene radon kunye nezakhi zayo, apho afunyanwa rhoqo:

• ekwakheni izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha kunye umhombiso;
• ngamanzi okusela.

5. Ukwazi ezinye iintsholongwane kwi-DNA yeseli.

6. A yofuzo, kodwa sifo indima yayo encinane ngokwaneleyo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba zonke ezi zinto ke synergists ngokuphathelele omnye komnye ukuba peripheral ngakumbi kunokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga.

uhlobo

Xa amayeza, kukho ukuhlelwa eziliqela yamathumba zemiphunga. Xa siqwalasela indawo emzimbeni, ukukhululwa:

1. Le umhlaza engundoqo, yenzeka ngokwayo ngaphakathi kwimibhobho inyumoniya, yahlulelwe kwii:

• endobronchial;
• peribronchial;
• branched.

2. neuropathy umhlaza wemiphunga luphawulwa ithumba yenzelwe kwemiphunga. Kwakhona yahlulwe:

• Ukudumba setyhula;
  
• pnevmoniepodobnuyu;
• umhlaza wee.

umhlaza Central kwenzeka kabini rhoqo, naphakathi iintlobo peripheral kwi uninzi amatyala kwafunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza peripheral kwemiphunga ekunene.

Iintlobo ezahlukileyo izifo kwahluka phakathi kwabo nje kuphela nokwakheka kodwa ukuhamba, yaye, ngokunjalo, phezu unyango.

Abalinganiswa womhlaza peripheral

Ithumba, leyo iphuhlise ngqo esiqwini lung, uye iimpawu ezahlukileyo:

1. Round kule Ithumba ngokufuthi ngohlobo ukuyilwa ungqukuva, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, oko kufana nitywine ezime okudodobalisa. Yamathumba zingahlanganiswa okanye hayi ne sayo inyumoniya.
2. Pnevmoniepodobny umhlaza ufumana igama layo ukuba ukufana ne pneumonia kwi iimviwo X-ray.
3. Umhlaza wee ngokuqhelekileyo senzeka kwinxalenye apical kwaye iyakwazi ukukhula kwisibini 1 and 2 iimbambo, kwakunye neenkqubo ze amathambo wesibeleko. Ukuba kukho iintlobo enjalo neentlungu kwenzeka ingalo yengalo.

Ekubeni ngumhlaza ingaba amancinci-iseli kunye iseli non-amancinane, kufuneka uqinisekise ukufumana phandle ngoncedo a biopsy kuba nothomalaliso kula macala eyahlukileyo.

Iimpawu zomhlaza peripheral

Olu hlobo lwesifo xa nisaqala sophuhliso asifanelanga ukuzibonakalisa. Oku kungenxa yokuba emiphungeni akukho receptor intlungu. Njengoko Ithumba ikhula, le nkqubo sele inxaxheba bronchi, pleura kunye amalungu ezikufutshane.

Ngeli xesha uqale ukubonisa ngokucacileyo ngakumbi iimpawu ye:

• Ukhohlokhohlo ne isikhohlela kusenokuba amabala igazi.
• Ilizwi liba husky.
• Kubonakala syndrome ukucudisa le Vena cava awongamileyo.
• Njengoko umhlaza wemiphunga peripheral liphakama, kukho nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo.
• ubuthathaka jikelele.
• Ukunxila.
• umzimba.
• Ngaba kwandisa iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni.
• Xa kwafunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza engabalulekanga nomhlehlo ongentla kwemiphunga ngasekhohlo, kusenokubakho intlungu emagxeni, entanyeni, ingalo ubuthathaka zezihlunu, ukungaboni.

Kumanqanaba kamva uqala ukubonakalisa iingxaki amalungu metastases abachaphazelekayo. Ukufa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka metastases olubanzi, imihlaza yinyumoniya kwaye yababuhlungu nokudinwa.

Xa nibona ezi mpawu kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kakade ke, ukuba abayi-100% isiqinisekiso umhlaza wemiphunga, kodwa kungcono ukuba isiphoso. Ingakumbi kuba iimpawu kuvela kamva ngakumbi embindini kunye nomhlaza peripheral.

uphethwe sisifo

On uphawu enye kuphela nzima ukwenza ukuxilongwa, ingakumbi ekubeni enkulu kangaka, ngaphandle iimviwo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba izikhalazo zakho ugqirha iqala orhanela ukuba kukho ithumba, iya kunikwa zoviwo ezipheleleyo, olubandakanya iintlobo ezifana:

• Ray.
• Ukucacisa uxilongo - Itomography computer.
• Bronchoscopy.
• Biopsy - ukucacisa iintlobo ithumba.

Oku uphando nje ezingundoqo, ngaphandle apho akunakwenzeka ukuba wenze ukuxilongwa echanekileyo. Singasathethi oko qiniseka ukunikeza igazi, umchamo, ECG kunye nezinye iimvavanyo kuqhutywa.

Emva kokufumana iziphumo zophando ziya kumiselwa liSebe igqirha nokuya kunye neendlela unyango.

Isigaba umhlaza neuropathy

Nayiphi na umhlaza kuthatha kuqhubeka ngokwezigaba ezininzi zophuhliso. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuba babe nako ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba nethumba sinwenwile emzimbeni, kwakunye khetha iindlela zonyango.

Ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga peripheral, zigaba zezi zilandelayo:

1. Ukuba uhlobo non-amancinci iseli lomhlaza ezahlula zigaba 4:

• 1-I luphawulwa yamathumba ubukhulu encinane, nto leyo yenzelwe lung mnye.
• Isigaba 2 kuboniswa ithumba ezandisiweyo, iindawo nkovu eligcina imiphunga yesigulana.
• In inyathelo wesithathu nethumba mkhulu kwaye kwakhona kwi inwebu nkovu node phakathi emiphungeni.
• Inqanaba 4 ezimbi kakhulu - umhlaza kwanwenwa kwemiphunga esempilweni, kukho metastases kwamanye amalungu.

2. iseli umhlaza wemiphunga na izigaba ezibini kuphela:

• Ithumba yenzelwe kwelinye icala esifubeni.
• Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ithumba zombini kubini lo esifubeni, metastases zifumaneka nezibilini ezininzi.

unyango umhlaza wemiphunga peripheral

Le ngokwahlukana Inyathelo ukuya khona, ugqirha wakwazi ukufumanisa ngokukhethekileyo unyango. Kwinqanaba ngalinye iindlela zonyango isifo zinokwahluka kwaye abe neempawu zabo.

Kwakhona, ukhetho iindlela zonyango iza kuchaphazela ubudala yesigulane, ukuba uxilongo - peripheral umhlaza wemiphunga, imbali yezonyango nayo zithathelwe ingqalelo phambi kokuba emisela amayeza. Ezinye Ukuqapheliseka umhlaza nangoko aqale ukusebenzisa iindlela amayeza emveli, kodwa iye yaba impumelelo yabo, iindlela esiqinisekisiweyo of amayeza aqhelekileyo kunokunceda ukulwa nezifo kwaye ixesha elide kubomi isigulane.

Zibandakanye unyango kufuneka somdlavuza. Kuxhomekeka iindlela zonyango iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umhlaza, ethetha ngokubanzi, isetyenziswa:

1. Amachiza.
2. Beam radiation.
3. Surgery.

unyango lomhlaza cell non-amancinci

Ukuba une non-amancinci umhlaza iseli wemiphunga yasekhohlo peripheral, utyando umz, i zigaba yokuqala neyesibini kubonisiwe. Ugqirha lisusa inxalenye kwemiphunga okanye wonke ochaphazelekayo, ukuba Ithumba enkulu.

Ukuba umsebenzi oluqhutywa lesibini inqanaba lesi sifo, unyango eyabelwe ezongezelelweyo, iquka:

• Radiation therapy - le radiation, apho ibulala iiseli zomhlaza.
• Chemotherapy ngemithi, ukususela ezonakalisayo thumba.

Ukuba isifo sele inyathelo wesithathu, oko kudla lokuqala kokususa ilandelwe ichemotherapy kunye zokukhanya.

Emva kokuba unyango, kufuneka atyelele rhoqo ugqirha-somdlavuza, ngexesha orhanela likakade kwaye uqale unyango kwangoko. Kuye kwaqatshelwa ukuba isigulane ayikhange Sahlukana meko yakhe etshabalalisayo ukuba ukutshaya, le likakade zikude rhoqo.

Xa isifo ufikelela kwinqanaba 4, ephilisa yomguli akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele, bakwazi ukuphila kwakhe kancinane kuphela, besebenzisa unyango efanayo kwi zigaba zokuqala ezintathu sifo.

umhlaza cell wemiphunga ezincinane ngonyango

Le fomu luphawulwa kukukhula ngamandla kunye Ukudlulela ekuqaleni. Ngoko ke, nkqu kumanqanaba zokuqala esi sifo ibonisa ichemotherapy enyanzelekileyo.

kokususa ngokuqhelekileyo ziveliswa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kusekwangoko kwaye akukho metastases. Kodwa oogqirha waphawula ukuba nkqu ukususwa, uze exposure ayikho 100% isiqinisekiso gula ngokupheleleyo.

Yandisa ubude bobomi izigulane nokuphucula umgangatho yabo kunokwenzeka kuphela ukusetyenziswa nechemotherapy emva kotyando. Kufuneka ube izifundo ubuncinane 4.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba xa sidibanisa zonke zonyango, oko kunika kunempembelelo enkulu kakhulu kunokuba usebenzise nabo ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, emva ichemotherapy, likakade kwenzeka kwama-80% amatyala, emva zokukhanya - ngo-33%, kwaye ukuba ukuhlanganisa kubo,%-28 kuphela kwizigulane.

Chemotherapy - uhlale umthwalo omkhulu emzimbeni, asizizo zonke izigulane kukunyamezela le nkqubo yinto eqhelekileyo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba yibambe zokubhala. Kwimeko nganye, ugqirha ekunika kunye nendibaniselwano zayo, beesekethe isicelo kunye nobude unyango.

Outlook

Ukuba unesifo somhlaza peripheral wemiphunga, kaninzi a abane olihlwempu. Konke kuxhomekeke kwixesha efumanise esi sifo: i ngaphambili wabonakala, i olusebenzayo unyango.

Ekubeni umhlaza neuropathy ibonakele usaqala kunokuba ngenxa kunqabile ukuba yokungabikho koluvo iintlungu, nokuba nazo ukuhlanganiswa zonyango ezahlukeneyo ukusinda izigulane kwisithuba seminyaka emi-5 ngu-40% kuphela.

Ukuba unyango singàphunyezwa, 90% ezigulane kufa kwisithuba seminyaka emibini emva kokuba nokusindlekwa isifo ezifana nomhlaza engabalulekanga nomhlehlo ongentla kwemiphunga ekunene.

Ukuhlola isifo kusekwangoko, ungasebenzisa-X-reyi, ngoko musa lokukhathalela iimviwo zonyaka umbala, ingakumbi ngenxa yoko, ubomi bethu buxhomekeke. Cancer - isifo singanyangekiyo kakhulu, esemfuleni nisaqala akafuni ukuthetha, yaye kumaxesha kamva lidlulile ixesha ukwenza nantoni na.

ukuvimbela

amanyathelo azizithintelo ngoku kakhulu efanelekileyo, inikwe yokufa ngenxa umhlaza wemiphunga bekusenzeka rhoqo esi sifo. Amanyathelo ezinkulu lokunqanda ziquka:

1. Treatment kunye nokuthintela izifo zemiphunga arhabaxa.
2. Zalisa ukumisa ukutshaya.
3. Unyango lwe lung elihle.
4. Neutralization izinto eziyingozi kwi ngawo.
5. Ukuphepha sesichengeni ukuba umhlaza izinto kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
6. Indlela-x reyi ubuncinane 1 xesha kunyaka ngamnye.

Zonke ezi amanyathelo akuqinisekisi-100% ukuba esi sifo na zikufumane, kodwa umngcipheko bomhlaza uya kakhulu lincitshiswe. A ingqalelo ngenyameko bona impilo yabo iya kuvumela ukubona izifo ngokwamanqanaba yayo yokuqala, xa unyango kunganika nemiphumo emihle.