Aphilisayo Lake Ladoga (emlonyeni Shlisselburgskaya) Neva River linobude abangama-74 km (32 kuzo phakathi kwisixeko St Petersburg). River kwemali kwi-Gulf of Finland kwi koLwandle iBaltic (phambi emasangweni uyezibuko kolwandle St. Petersburg kufuphi i Neva Bay).
Neva iqala enemikhono ezimbini, iimvulophu ezincinane siqithi nut evuthelweyo, edume yokuba ukuba Shlisselburg Fortress. Ngaphandle kwakhe, emlanjeni kukho iziqithi ezimbini (kungabandakanywa Delta): Factory - in Shlisselburg kunye Glavryba - kufuphi Ivanovsky enemisinga (phakathi angena Neva kunye Mgoy Tosna). Ria, ukuba Island 101, yaye ezininzi izinto zakhona imibhobho yakha Delta, ukuba indawo lilonke malunga 50 km square Umlambo iqhuba imilambo 26 ezincinane, ezona zinabantu - Iiklip, Izhora, Tosna, Ohta. Banks ye Neva, ingakumbi ekhohlo, enabantu abaninzi. Kuyo komlambo kukho imizi emine (St. Petersburg, Shlisselburg, Kirovsk, Otradnoe) kunye malunga namashumi amathathu zokuhlala ezincinci.
Neva - umlambo uzele-ukugeleza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, efanelekileyo yolawulo kunye ubude balo lonke. Ububanzi avareji umlambo uvela iimitha ezingama-400 ukuya-600. Ekupheleni kwaso, kwaza (ekuqaleni ezi enemisinga Ivanovsky, malunga Cape Svyatka), ububanzi bayo ngu-210 kuphela mitha, kwaye ogudle - ngaphezu kokuba sekhilomitha. Kuyo ubude balo umlambo Neva kukho nobunzulu 8-10 leemitha ngaphantsi emhlabeni. Ingongoma sinzulu (24 m) - eSt Petersburg, kufuphi ibhanki ekunene, malunga esitratweni. Emthethweni. Uninzi ezincinane (4 m.) - kule ngingqi ikuyo le ohamba Ivanovo. Nangona umahluko omncinane malunga amahlanu eemitha, ukuqukuqela komlambo kakhulu fast (5-8 km / h). Neva ngumkhenkce phakathi kuDisemba kwaye simahla komkhenkce malunga phakathi ku-Apreli. Ngaphezu koko, emva kokuba lokuqala lwenzeka kwi ice umlambo bangashenxi yesibini - ukuhanjiswa ngumkhenkce ukusuka Lake Ladoga, ngokuqhelekileyo ukwakha amadama ice.
Kukholelwa ukuba igama layo umlambo Neva ezivela ilizwi Finnish «Nevajoki» ( «umlambo engumgxobhozo") ngenxa yokuba kweendonga zayo, ingakumbi emlonyeni, kwakukho imigxobhozo ezininzi. Le ukhetho yesibini - imvelaphi igama Sami «nawe» ( «enemisinga," "Mezhozernaya flow"). Kule yaye kwelinye icala, inkcazelo komlambo kunye negama layo ziyafana.
On kweendonga zayo kubekho iziganeko ezininzi zembali: ngo Julayi 1240 kwakukho idabi adumileyo amajoni Russian nxamnye balwa ikhokelwa ngu Alexander Nevski (kamva elithi Nevsky), apha ngoMeyi 1703, uPetros ndagqiba ukuyakha kwenkunzi yexesha elizayo Russian Empire, apho kwakukho anegazi impi waphula yaye kuvalwe lwe eLeningrad ngexesha lemfazwe Great Patriotic.
Ngawo onke amaxesha, i Neva kwakubaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Namhlanje lisetyenziswa njengomthombo ubonelelo lwamanzi eSt Petersburg. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, umlambo Neva yeyona umzila ibalulekileyo - ukususela zehambo ixesha 'ukusuka Vikings nakumaGrike "kule mini, ukuba zizeyeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yamanzi, udibanisa imimandla engundoqo inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya ukuya kumazwe wasentla. Ingakumbi ukubaluleka kwayo landa emva 1964 wavalelwa ukusebenza iVolga-Baltic wamanzi. Neva waqala ukuba ambize ngokuthi "Nevsky Ithemba".