Njani yaye phi noxam ibeka amaqanda? ntulo yokuzala

Necilishe, mhlawumbi uhlobo lixhaphakileyo yezilwanyana ezikhoyo emhlabeni. Bona afumaneka kuzo zonke amazwekazi kunye amazwekazi ngaphandle Antarctica. Ngoko ke, ukongezelela, nezidalwa kakhulu abaphila emhlabeni. EJapan, umzekelo, kwafunyanwa Amanxiwa namacikilishe yamandulo herbivorous, kunye neminyaka engama-million 130, efumaneka eSkotlani esirhubuluzayo efosili, leyo ichazwa njenge necikilishe, ine- nakakhulu ubudala - million 340 iminyaka!

Kweli nqaku siza kujonga le inzala emangalisayo Dinosaurs, sifunda indlela ukufuya amacilikishe, kunye nezinto ezininzi ezinomdla kakhulu.

Kutheni ntulo - ezinambuzelayo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho malunga 9400 abameli iklasi ezirhubuluzayo, kwaye omnye wabo licilikishe. Nabani na wabukela intshukumo sisidalwa umsengi, mhlawumbi sele ukuqonda isizathu sokuba kokwabo iklasi igama. Necilishe, njengezinye izalamane zayo: iinyoka, amahobe okanye iingwenya, bafudukela, ezigudle isisu emhlabeni, "kubotshwa phezulu 'kunye naye. Ezi nketho kuphela basilisk emangalisayo (Basiliscus), ezinako ukukulumkisela ukubaleka phezu kwamanzi, yaye ngemilenze ezimbini nemazi, ngomsila wakhe kunye ezihamba ngamathupha azo ngaphambili ukucinezwelwa esiswini.

Njengabo bonke ezirhubuluzayo kunye kuveliswe indlela, isici uphawu apho neqanda lwangaphakathi. Abasetyhini bakholisa amaqanda aqhamileyo sele enesiqulatho sac enkulu wayaleka bulishica (ezifana malovane ezininzi) okanye ikalika (as in Ufudo kunye iingwenya) iqokobhe. amaqanda ntulo kwibetshi inokuba isixa njengoko omnye okanye emibini, okanye amashumi eziliqela ziingceba.

le uju

Hi ndlela leyi, ku Colombia amaqanda malovane zithathwa uju emnandi. Izitya yendawo isebenzisa ubukhulu becala amaqanda ooxam. Abazingeli sifuna ababhinqileyo ezi zilwanyana ezilahlekileyo né yayo ngenxa amaqanda ugqibile, ukubamba kwaye wenze isisu liqatywe sakhe. Ngononophelo isuswe ngoko amaqanda, kwaye atyabukile kungena ash iinkuni ngenxeba, ebezikuyo iguana akhululwe.

Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umkhondo apho eli cikilishe elinye amaqanda imnandi, yenza yentaka, alinde de abe ngendlela yemvelo, kodwa abahlali bakholelwa ukuba anzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, yenza ukuba isilwanyana "Uqhaqho". Akukho ngaphantsi esimnandi zithathwa, ngasendleleni, namacilikishe kunye namaqanda.

Indlela entsha bazalwa untulo

Ngokuqhelekileyo ntulo kubeka amaqanda kwiindawo esitheleyo: intlabathi, umhlaba, phakathi kwamatye okanye amagqabi anokungenwa, kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo ndeza ehlabathini sele ukusekwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba zingumfanekiso wezikolo abancinane abazali babo. Hi ndlela leyi, kwezinye iintlobo amacilikishe, ingakumbi abahlala ezinezinga emantla, Young ezikhethwe iqokobhe ngoko nangoko emva kokuba amaqanda unina, njengoko uphuhliso umbungu sele umzimba wenkazana wasemvelweni, engaquki simvumele ukuba supercooled.

Kunika umdla ukubona indlela eyenzeka le nkqubo. Cikilishe phambi komhla kokuqala i lokuzalwa uba ekucamngceni ngexesha lasemini, ngokuqhwaya umhlaba, ifukame ukuya kutsho emsileni umva, yaye ekugqibeleni ngokuhlwa, kubonakala ukukhanya kokuhlala okokuqala kwi Lithole iqokobhe. kwemizuzu emibini kamva wazalwa yesibini, lesithathu njalo njalo. Kwaye ixesha ngalinye emva kokuba ukubeka imazi yenza linyathelo phambili koko amatakane aye kuyo emgceni. Emva kweyure ukuba akhethwe iqokobhe, uziselele neentanda emhlabeni, apho wahlala, zijonge imisila bade bendilambile.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi abameli ezirhubuluzayo azikho Umama onenkathalo kakhulu - emva necilishe ibeka amaqanda, yena akayi kubuyela kuye. Ukuba ngezinye oza kwindawo ngokubekwa, kuyinto nje ukuba nidle ezinye kweqokobhe ezivela amaqanda.

Kukho iimazi viviparous ngokwenene!

Kodwa akubi njalo cikilishe ibeka amaqanda nokuba eso saziso elifutshane. Umzekelo, eMzantsi Melika umiwe skinks ze sodidi Mabuya, leyo kunokunxulunyaniswa nendawo viviparous ngokwenene. amabhere ababhinqileyo Skink kwi tubes zincinci, ngaphandle sac, amaqanda ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwamkela amandla nge ngumkhaya koomama (ukuba okwethutyana kwakheka kwi iindonga untulo oviduct). Kukho emithanjeni kufanelekile ababhinqileyo kufutshane ngokufanelekileyo ukuya emithanjeni imibungu ukuqinisekisa ioksijini labo kunye nesondlo.

A ummeli ooxam Peruvian amahla (Liolaemus multiformis) bahlala esezintabeni, kwi Cordilleras, maxa wambi ezinobude yeemitha 5000, apho buzokwenza ehlotyeni. Abathe ayifanga, imazi uzale eziphilayo, wegqitha yonke inkqubo yophuhliso esibelekweni.

Ewe, namacilikishe - izidalwa umdla kakhulu ayiyeki mangaza abaphandi!

Indlela ukuqanduselwa basilisks

Sithetha malunga amacilikishe, singasathethi ke basilisks, oko kukuthi amalungu iintlobo Basiliskus basiliscus, kunye nesakhono sokusebenzisa phezu kwamanzi. Bona phezu kwamanzi ikhawulezisa ku-12 km / h, waphula iimitha ezingama-400. Abantu italente enjalo ezi izirhubuluzi ekuthiwa nguKristu malovane.

Kule basilisk bakhetha ukuhlala emahlathini ukuvaleka nokufuma of eNicaragua kunye Costa Rica kuphela zeengqukuva zemithi ezikhula ecaleni lomlambo imilambo namachibi. Kodwa ngenxa basilisk babune kakhulu ebuya nomsila nayiphi na ingxolo okanye rhanelwa ingozi, ukutsiba ukusuka amasebe emanzini.

Ixesha lemvula ukhangela ababhinqileyo okhulelweyo ngokufihla indawo wamatye ngenxa kuyo umthi kunye ilahla kuwugcina ngokuwubopha emhlabeni ichaza ukuba izakuba ngowuphi iya kuba iqondo lobushushu ifanelekileyo nokufuma. amaqanda necilishe esantini okanye phantsi amagqabi zimalunga-10 iiveki, emva koko abantwana ngenqindi nabo izinyo iqanda ezizodwa, apho kamva bawe.

Yintoni parthenogenesis

Kwaye Armenia ubomi malovane amatye ukuba zande ngaphandle eyindoda. Amaqanda ukukhuhla kunye iimazi kuphela nje ngokupheleleyo nga ziyazala ngokwabo.

Lo mkhwa endalweni ebizwa ngokuba "parthenogenesis". Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kwezinye kwendawo eli cikilishe ntlobo ibeka amaqanda, eye yakhuliswa iduna. Ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokutsho neembono zezazinzulu, xa akhu- ezi malovane zingafunyanwa amaqanda kunye ufile imibungu eyindoda. Kutheni oku kuyenzeka akucaci.

Hi ndlela leyi, namacilikishe komodosskie nawo ukukwazi parthenogenesis ngenxa inani elithile labantu kunye nendawo zokuhlala ezincinci.

Sand intulo kuyabonakala kufuphi

Ugqatso kakhulu ezininzi - oku agillis Lacerta, ebizwa njalo- isanti untulo. Bahlala kulo lonke elaseYurophu Asia. Bamele ukuba babona nganye ngenxa yokuba ezilalisa clearings enelanga, kumhlaba wabucala okanye kwiindawo apho izityalo ezincinci, yenza kube lula ukuba uthathe bath ilanga.

Ukusukela ku Matshi ukuya ku Juni ngo malovane lokuphathana kwempahla emfutshane uyeza, nibe oluhlaza, inkunzi uya bekhangela abafazi abahle (ngubani, endleleni, kubonakala ukuba ngokuthozama kakhulu). Okweqanda, ku 1.5 cm ubude, ugqunywe bulishica amaqanda iqokobhe necilishe eqhelekileyo ukuba wemba ngoboya malunga 9 iiveki, emva koko siphuma abantwana ukuya ku-6 cm ubude ukuba imnyama ngakumbi umbala umzali.

Ukusuka usana isigebenga

Le yunithi zincinane namacikilishe na sphaerodactylus, ohlala e-India. Oko: Umlinganiseli gram-1 kuphela, kunye nobude kwiimvuthuluka yi-33 mm.

Hi ndlela leyi, namacilikishe ukufuya ezi zilwanyana kwenzeka kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. female Sphaerodactylus izalela ukuba uhlobo setyhula iqanda rhoqo ezincinane ongadluli ububanzi of 6 mm. Yaye umdla into yokuba amabhinqa amaninzi eziliqela ngaxeshanye ukhethe ukuba ngokubekwa indawo enye. Hayi bulishica, ezifana namacilikishe ezininzi, yaye calcareous iqokobhe beqanda ngokukhawuleza Ukuguqulwa kolwelo emoyeni kwaye iba krobo kakhulu. Liyinyaniso elokuba, ukuba ukufumana ezi wamatye ngenxa yobukhulu ezincinane kuba nzima. Babe zonke iintlobo iintanda kweziduli ishiywe.

Kodwa necilishe komodossky ukuba uhlala Indonesia - isigebenga, likuvumela ukuba ukukhumbula ngoko nangoko ukuba malovane - inzala ngqo dinosaur. Lufikelela 3 ubude yaye inobunzima 135 kg. Senze whopper onjalo, nawuphi na umzamo ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ukuphuma. Noko ke, yobungakanani oku kwathintela ukuba noxam lincinane - ngoku abameli nje kuphela 200 ezi zilwanyana.

Ntulo ukongeza ubuhle kweli hlabathi

Phela, namacilikishe babe umbono umbala, nto leyo lwepaki kwihlabathi isilwanyana. Bona, njengathi, banokuba yonke imibala zehlabathi.

Nkqu ezirhubuluzayo emangalisayo emangalisayo kwaye udibanise iindidi kwamnandi zazo, imibala kunye imikhwa ubuhle kweli hlabathi. malovane ezininzi ukutshintsha umbala okanye ngegalelo lako ngenxa nokusebenza iiseli ulusu eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba melanophores. Hi ndlela leyi, enkosi eli cikilishe chameleon oyimfama ngokupheleleyo lula uthatha umbala kokusingqongileyo geckos amnandi zilahleka yokudanyaza ebumnyameni.

Ngoko ke, ukufumana namaqanda amacilikishe, ifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku, musa sukela ukuba ndingabatshabalalisi, cinga ngendlela ihlabathi wanzonza ngaphandle ezi zidalwa inokusityeda, yaye inika umdla gqitha.