State Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur kwiNgingqi

umhlaba Russian idume ubuhle bendalo. Ukuzikhusela kwimpembelelo elibi womntu, iikona abakhuselweyo zidalwe kumgangatho karhulumente kulo. Enye yezi ndawo ungumsimelelo Zeya Reserve abakwaziyo ukulondoloza indalo cishe lomelele.

Indawo kanye nesimo

Ngoko ke, iphi na Zeya Reserve? ummandla wayo fanele ku District Federal Far Eastern, kwaye zibekwe kufutshane nomda Russian kunye neTshayina. Ene obizwa ngokuba kwiNgingqi Amur.

I-Reserve uphethe inxalenye esempuma kummango kunye eyimfihlakalo igama Tukuringa apho maxethuka awela umlambo kwintlambo emxinwa Zeya, athanda ukuyibeka embekweni kunye nento igama. Akukho kude ke kwidolophu Zeya, abe nokuchaza kwimbali yamandulo.

Le ndawo reserve - nje kancinane kuma-82 amawaka eehektare. ukuma kwayo luphawulwa kumathambeka (ukuya kwi 70 degrees) kunye watersheds ezimcaba kulawula ezikhondweni ezihlanjeni emlanjeni iimitha 400-600. imifula luphawulwa ukujula okukhulu, nemigubasi ukuphuphuma ejinga emlonyeni kunye neengxangxasi.

History of nokudalwa reserve

Zeya Reserve yamiselwa ngomhla kulinyathelo komhlaba obalaseleyo Soviet Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Ngokubanzi, ukusekwa wayeselapho eko zenkulungwane yokugqibela, kodwa iye phambili kuphela gqira. Ukubeleka Unyaka Reserve waqala 1963rd.

Injongo yalo esentloko ukukhusela abasunguli wabeka reference esezintabeni site kunye nesifundo yayo. Ukongeza, iingcali zenzululwazi apha iliso iimpembelelo Zeya ichibi kwiinkqubo zendalo.

Umsebenzi kwenziwa reserve rangers ehlathini, foresters kunye nabancedisi yabo, ngeenyawo, ngamahashe, ngesikhephe okanye izikhephe ukuhlola rhoqo intsimi uyiphathisiweyo kubo ukugcina umyalelo.

features zezulu

Imozulu reserve kuyabanda ngokulinganisela. I-avareji lobushushu yonyaka - Degrees ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Ebusika lobushushu kusithwa degrees amathathu ngaphantsi zero, yaye ehlotyeni azifane liphuma ngaphezu vosemnatsati.

Winter icacile eyomileyo, malovetrenaya. Snow uwela kancinane, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iqondo elisezantsi igcinwa kuzinza ngoko, oko akuthethi ukunyibilika kwaye kuyo ebusika, ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kutsho ngoAprili. Ukuphakama ikhephu ethubeleza emathafeni kunye eentaba iindawo ifikelela iisentimitha amabini, kodwa kufutshane ezulwini, ikhephu ngakumbi. Nayo yonke ngekhilomitha cover ubude linyuke ngokweesentimitha mathathu.

Spring kwi reserve ikhulise umoya, kodwa imvula iwela sezantsi kakhulu. lobushushu lugcinwa cool ngokwaneleyo. Summer Zeya Reserve thusa iindwendwe zayo into engaqhelekanga - kulo efikelela kuyo imilambo kwisiqalo seentyatyambo cherry ice unmelted. Ngokubanzi, ihlobo kwiindawo ezininzi intsimi lubonakala ngokuba imozulu efudumeleyo yaye kufumile. Ekwindla owomileyo kwaye kukho umoya. Kwezulu okungenani iwela ngo-Oktobha.

Imihlaba kwi reserve

Uqweqwe yomhlaba reserve ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba otyebileyo. Inxalenye mpuma kummango kumda kunye izowuni permafrost, yaye oku kunefuthe phezu komhlaba. Umaleko engumkhenkce ngamanzi, ekugqibeleni ukugubungela lwentaba na overdried kunye ezilulwalwa. A misinga zomhlaba kunye imikhombe, phezu koko, phezu-okroqiweyo ukufuma, nto leyo nayo ungakuvumeli ukuba okuzala.

amadama

Yonke imilambo ahanjiswayo anqumla ummandla reserve zinxulumene ukuya isitya lomlambo Zeya, leyo Zeya ichibi yakhiwe.

Ngaphambi kokuba adale umntu-ezenziwe emlanjeni ulwandle eyahlukileyo uphawu ilukhuni. Movement phezu kwaba nzima ngenxa omkhulu isantya sokuqukuqela kwaye inani elikhulu ifu kunye ohamba. Malunga ngeengozi yokuhamba phezu komlambo zibonisa amagama zayo: ezinkulu amaNcinane enzela, uMtyholi sesitovu, njl

Kanye ehlotyeni Zeya luyaphuphuma kweendonga zayo, nemizi ezikufuphi ngokwabo phantsi kwamanzi. Ngokwakha ezigcina ndoda yakwazi okumdambisa onenkani. Namhlanje Zeya ke izikhephe yaye kuzisa kakhulu luncedo ngakumbi kunanini na ngaphambili.

Le ndawo iyonke ngaphantsi imizimba amanzi reserve ngu 770 yeehektare. Ngokomthetho kuyinto umlambo. Kukhona banzi.

umhlaba emifuno

zone Yemifuno reserve yintaba-kumathafa, complex boreal. Kwinxalenye esezantsi kummango kukho larch eliqaqambileyo ngesigqubuthelo rosemary; nje ngasentla amahlathi coniferous umlotha intaba ezinqabileyo, ezinde ezinoboya rock (emhlabeni apha ligutyungelwe moss eluhlaza); yaye kanye encotsheni eludongeni, kumane ekhula ezirhubuluzayo omsedare.

Abo kwamaxandeka le kummango, leyo abhekiswe dami, kubalulwa izihluma Manchurian. Plateaulike watersheds utyani enemithi ihlwempu - bona i iindawo kumathafa ukuba zigqunywe amatyholo kunye nohlaza.

Reserve Zeya Jer ezaziwayo Ajan nespruce, leyo isaqhwithi ubukhulu bayo. Imithi afikelele amathathu ngobude kunye kwimitha enesiqu leemitha. Ziphila iminyaka emine. Ezinye iindawo apho fir ngaphambili yatshatyalaliswa ngomlilo, ngoku sene larch Gmelin.

Emadlelweni utyani bit reserve, kwaye kwakhona kaninzi ngenxa yomlilo, xa endaweni iintshinyela itshiswe Ajan nespruce ngengcongolo abonakale nemfusa Sugawara.

The Ridge ingabizwa Tukuringra ubukumkani langoku zomngundo. Apha eziphila 158 babekhona. Abanye babo cazulula iinkuni efile. Ukusuka afumaneka iintlobo ezityiwayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: mushroom emhlophe, boletus esiqhelekileyo, boletus ebomvu, greasers, kwaye larch yellow agaric yokwenene, nesafron, Lactarius pubescens.

Ulele zifumaneka iintlobo-155, naye wafumana ezingamashumi amabini ananye uhlobo bryophytes. iintlobo 637 kwezityalo ezinemigca zifumaneka kwi reserve.

Imithana alawulwa nerosemary zasendle, rhododendron Dahurian, iiblueberries, Rosa acicularis, umlinganiselo Spiraea kwemicimbi. Le migxobhozo kunye namahlathi ezimanzi kunye namahlathi nespruce kukho sedges ezahlukeneyo, aconite Lyubarskii, Shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asia, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, omfisi. Amahlathi owomileyo iintsiba ezikhulayo, buttercup Japanese, Amur carnation, nemisonto palmate, iintlobo ezininzi geranium, ntaba goutweed, Aster Tatar, Kozelec imisebe.

Zeya Reserve: izilwanyana neentaka

Phambi kokuba nokudalwa Zeya ichibi iyantlukwano kweentlobo zentlanzi efikelela ezisezantsi neziphezulu komlambo zahluke kakhulu. Emva kokuba ziyangenana umlambo Zeya emithini trout, grayling, whitefish, neKubhi ngokukhawuleza enqaba. Noko ke, ukwanda kwenani gudgeon, uDace, rotan kunye minnow.

indawo I-Reserve xa lisebenza wayethe ngenxa iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana. Ngokutsho kwiinduli ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi yabangela izilwanyana Eastern eSiberia. A iintili umlambo, labona nasemaxandekeni, balityhutyha iwaka abantu Amur izilwanyana, ilandelayo, phezu koko, ukuya emntla.

Zeya Reserve idume ngeentlobo yayo, ezizezi lenkukhu, ezo thaca ngcono apha kunokuba naphi na kwiMpuma Ekude. Phakathi iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo - amangile icula, capercaillie, ptarmigan kunye kumathafa, nespruce icula, njl

Kodwa ayabulala ayikho kakhulu. Oko kubizwa ngokuba ixhama, nebhadi, nelinqa, nelinqa ebomvu kunye must amaxhama, kwaye maxa wambi kuvela yehagu.

Ngaphakathi reserve zezi Sable ngokubanzi, ermine kunye namanye amalungu weasel. Maxa wambi ucaca lynx. Kunxweme imilambo ntaba iintsapho abantu 3-5 ubomi beziingcuka eziqwengayo. Kuzo zonke iibhanti altitudinal ibhere eqhelekileyo omdaka. Ngokubanzi, ihlabathi yezilwanyana kwamaxandeka le kummango Tukuringra kuphela hlathi.

Ukhuselo lweentlobo zezidalwa ezinqabileyo

Umsebenzi kwi reserve ijolise ukulondoloza kakhulu iintlobo ezinqabileyo zezilwanyana nezityalo, apho kukho abantu abaninzi.

Ukuba sithethe malunga nezityalo, kwi-Russian Federation Red Book zifakwe, ezifana Slipper nenekazi (wokwenene macranthon) epipogium itshazile, Paeonia obovata, itswele calypso, njl

Phakathi iintaka zinqabile icula nespruce esele zikhankanywe apha ngentla, kwakunye dada encinane, izimvu Okuluhlaza, isiMandarini idada, isikhova, nesangxa, nengwamza abamnyama kunye nabanye.

Ezanyisayo ezinqabileyo ungahlula nomzingeli, nto idume ngayo Amur Region kunye East Far jikelele. Le ingwe yaseSiberia. Enye ezisengozini, ukukhusela apha - Solongo.

ukhenketho

Asikwazi ukuba Zeya Reserve touristy. Sekunjalo, ukuba indawo ekhuselweyo, kwaye ubukho zabantu kuphela apha. Kodwa abo nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba apha, utyelelo kulo myezo uya yinto emnandi.

abahambi ingqalelo ufanelwe museum indalo, elivulwe ngo-1991. Unako kwakhona amalungiselelo ukunyuka intaba imini okanye ukhenketho indawo yamanzi kunye tyelelo Isakare.

Goltz ebizwa inxenye phakathi kwebanga Tukuringra, lukhuselwe nge amahlathi eyetundra entabeni, nomsedare elfin. Ukusuka kule ndawo yenduli wavula iimbono kakuhle khona Zeya dama, ntlambo yaye The backbone. Xa imozulu ecacileyo, amageduka ngokugqibeleleyo ibonakale kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-150.

Le ntaba umoya ococekileyo, amahlathi acwengileyo, ithuba lokuba bahlangane indlela yakho isilwanyana sasendle, kwakunye yesaveyi panorama omlingo ukwenza Zeya Reserve yiyo ibenomtsalane kakhulu kuba babatyeleli ufuna iimvakalelo ezinamandla kwaye ndakunqwenela ukuzonwabisa kubuhle.