Nokuba kukho kuwo tundra entabeni ebusuku polar? Impendulo izicacele

Emphethweni kumantla aseYurophu, Asia naseMelika ngukumkani emathafeni. Xa ikhweyitha esemazantsi ifumaneka kuphela kwezinye iziqithi Antarctic. zone emathafeni yolula ecaleni imida osemantla Russia, zihlanjwe ezilele Arctic Ocean.

Unique nzima zone zendalo

Imbonakalo oko iindawo emnyama, ukuhlala nenkqantosi. iinyanga ezilithoba zonyaka apha oxhaphakileyo ebusika, elide kunye ukuzolula ekruqulayo ezibandayo ebusuku. Phambi ukubonakalsa, umhlaba wazala kuza ukukhanya abandayo nasekuzeni kwenyanga. Ngokonga shimmer inkwenkwezi enye. Happy khangela ezinqabileyo, ubuhle ezisemagqabini ezi ezimibalabala aurora.

On kulo mhlaba elingumqwebedu, iqabaka, ndibotshiwe yentlaninge, yaye ngamanye amaxesha amakhulu, yeemitha nzulu, ukukhula ubulembu ezinqabileyo kunye ulele ndililolo. Nje ngasezantsi bahlala phantsi kunye namatyholo ezisezantsi olukhula iingcambu kumhlaba peaty.

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo enoba kukho entabeni kumathafa ebusuku polar, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda inkcazelo yale eziphilayo.

kwabahlali abazizityalo emangalisayo

Intaba emathafeni, nezaziwa ngokuba "entabeni ephakamileyo", kuthiwa imboniselo yangoku sezinto eziphilayo ngendlela kwimimandla pattern nkqo. Ummandla lo mmandla wemveli yendalo yolula ikhephu ngumkhenkce ukusuka ukuya entabeni-ibhanti. umda walo elivumelana kumgca kumda amahlathi kwaye ogqitha snowline. zone sezulu umda - avareji isotherm zasehlotyeni + 10 °. Le ndawo luphawulwa ophezulu-ukuphakama kwiintaba for sub-Arctic kunye nemimandla ziingcathu.

Umahluko omkhulu ukusuka esiluhlaza kumathafa le Arctic - umhlaba yokukhupha amanzi engcono kunye lomhlaba namanzi-ungene ulihlwempu.

Iimeko zemozulu zamazwe wasentla

ingcaciso Scientific nokuba kukho kuwo kumathafa entabeni, ebusuku polar, na imozulu ndawo. Kuba le ndawo ebonakala kakhulu kubushushu obuphantsi uvikivwa ngokungqinelana ithambeka adiabatic 1 ° C zonke ukuphakama 100-200 m. Kuba esiveza tundra kwemigodi ezimbi komndilili weqondo lobushushu lomoya. Apha esilawulwa ngumoya onamandla, kunye nemitha yelanga na uphawu umsebenzi ophezulu. Ummandla uphawu air rarefied maldistribution utshintsho olumandla ukufuma kwayo. cover ikhephu abelwa non-ngokufanayo.

Cacisa ukuba ngaba kukho entabeni kumathafa kobusuku polar, kwaye iya kunceda kwindawo kwindawo ethile. Le meko yendalo kwenzeka kwiindawo entabeni, ezo kubume belizwe ngaphakathi Arctic Circle. Ubusuku polar akwenzeki ukuba kwiinduli akhiwe imimandla ekumazantsi ngakumbi zendalo, apho ikhona kwimozulu epholileyo. Ngapha koko, kule ndawo ke alternation imini nobusuku iyafana kwiinkalo kwamahlathi coniferous kunye avuthulukayo. Yimeko esisisiseko isenzeko ebusuku polar ithatha khona njalo amaqondo aphantsi. Kwaye isizathu kuphela kule meko ke inkululeko eendawo, nangona ngasentla, nangona lo osemazantsi. Into esemqoka - umgama ubuninzi ukusuka ngasentla okanye ngasezantsi Arctic Circle nezibonda.

Winter: okrakra ubumnyama ebandayo kunye nezangaphakathi

Uhlobo ukuba ingaba ikhona na kwi kumathafa entabeni, ubusuku polar, zama ukuseka njengengcaciso kunye nobude. Le meko yendalo kuthiwa ixesha xa ilanga aliveli lé ngaphezulu ngemini. Oku sisiphumo utyekelo engile 23.5 ° ezimanyeneyo ukujikeleza umhlaba ukuya moya baza. Elona thuba lifutshane kakhulu ixesha (malunga ezimbini neentsuku), ebusuku polar ihlala kwi ngama le Arctic Circle. Ubude liphezulu isenzeko - malunga ezintandathu iinyanga, nto leyo Zinjalo South Pole.

ebusuku ezwi kwi kumathafa ihlala umlinganiselo iinyanga 1-2 kwaye lenzeka ebusika. Le sizini iimeko zemozulu ezinzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, umlinganiselo wobushushu ngoJanuwari zigcinwe kwi -25-35 ° C. Iintaba ezigqunywe, okusaqhubekayo umoya obandayo, ebusika khangela engenabomi. Kaloku ummi osisigxina entabeni kumathafa - adle - zikhangela ukutya badla otkochevyvaet emzantsi. iimeko ezinzima kulo mmandla ngqwabalala, nobusuku polar - umngeni yohlobo zonke izinto eziphilayo.