Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana okugcina amanzi. Animals freshwaters

Izilwanyana amanzi endaweni yazo yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini eziphambili. Lokuqala - i zooplankton, kwaye yesibini - le benthos. Zooplankton uhlala ngqo kwikholam emanzini kunye benthos ithatha emazantsi. amaqela ezahlukeneyo ifomu eziphilayo ezihlala abantu okanye ezinye izinto, izityalo kwamanzi, ngokunjalo iintlanzi. Ngoko ke, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana amadama - ntoni na ke?

izityalo

Baye wahlala bume yonke emanzini. Xa amachibi kunye nemisinga, amachibi kunye nemisinga kukhula kwaye nokuzala iintlobo ngeentlobo nabameli abasuka kwihlabathi izihluma. Kwizigidi zeminyaka zazivelela kokuba apha ngokugqibeleleyo neemeko zokusingqongileyo kwi ezingamadama. Ezinye zazo batywiliselwe ngokupheleleyo emanzini, kanti ezinye kumphezulu wayo egudileyo. Abanye babo bade uhlala phezu umda phakathi amanzi, umhlaba kunye nomoya. Siya kukuxelela ntoni eyona idumileyo.

Air Marsh

Yenza Jer enkulu emanzini anganzulwanga. Amagqabi alo ifomu enamandla xiphoid. Reach ubude ukuya kwiimitha 1.5. In Ikalamo abe enabayo elide, wazigquma kunye nentwana le amagqabi efile. Ezi rhizomes - eyaziwa unyango lwezifo ezithile. Yisebenzise bepheka (ubulawu), kunye izithambiso.

nomzi womlambo

Esi sityalo lujolise kunxweme omanzi. kumila Its izinambuzane kwaye ingaphakathi umngxuma. Ashinyeneyo imilo stem zezindlu liphuma ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha-2. Yena Bambeka iikhowuni iimpawu omdaka buthathwa phehla. Amagqabi elifutshane lukhuni zicwangciswe kwi inxalenye esezantsi nemikhanzi stem. Jer yale lwesityalo ngamanye amaxesha ivaleke udonga bayawarhawula ichibi, nokunikezela abemi balo indawo ethembekileyo.

lily amanzi

Esi sityalo ayifane ibonakale emanzini aqukuqelayo. Isikakhulu ke lukhula imigxobhozo, amachibi, oxbows kunye chweba. kumila kwakhe onamandla ineengcambu ezomelele- ezikhaphayo kunye amagqabi okweqanda, ehleli phezu petioles elide, kwakudada phezu kwamanzi. Enye yezinto ezintle isityalo lily amanzi kucingwa ukuba ikhephu-ezimhlophe njalo. Ukuba wachitha ixesha elininzi yemibongo namabali.

isimiso

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iimeko abahlala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo amadama nazo ezahlukeneyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukwakheka iintlobo izilwanyana ezihlala elibaleka amanzi, eyahlukileyo kakhulu kwihlabathi isilwanyana, ophambukele kuphela amanzi. Kweli nqaku liza Kakade ke, asiyi kuba nako ke ukuchaza ukwahluka izilwanyana,, phawula engundoqo Iqela lezilwanyana awayengabemi ezi amanzi.

zooplankton

Zizo ezi izinto eziphilileyo kakhulu ethandwa abahlala amanzi. Igama elithi "zooplankton" ekuthiwa lenyama: ciliates, amoeba, flagellates, rhizomes. Baya kuba kukutya iintlanzi abatsha kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasemanzini. Ezi eziphilayo ezincinane ngokwaneleyo ngobukhulu, abakwazi ukuba ibonwe esweni kwabantu, kuba ifuna ngemicroscope. Cinga nje ngomzekelo ka amoeba.

amoeba Proteus

Eli ziko yaziwa kumntu ngamnye efikelele ubudala isikolo. Amoeba - esi silwanyana amadama (ifoto kwinqaku), inkolelo wodwa kwiseli enye. Fumana ezi zidalwa ukuba phantse naphi na apho kukho amanzi kunye amasuntswana ezifanelekileyo ukutya: iintsholongwane, izalamane ezincinci, izinto ezifileyo organic.

Amoeba, okanye rhizomes, - ukuba ukhetho. Zihlala amachibi neelwandle, ukukhasa phezu izityalo nezilwanyana zasemanzini. Ngamanye amaxesha zibetheleleke emathunjini ekuyo. Ziiamoeba kwaye nezalamane zabo aphesheya. Oku njalo-ebizwa foraminifera. Bona bahlala amanzi kuphela zaselwandle.

cladocerans

Zooplankton amanzi emi kukhethwa iqulethe ekuthiwa-cladocerans. Ezi zidalwa khangela ngolu hlobo. Ukuba anciphise umzimba list kwiqokobhe ezibandakanya semigudu ezimbini. intloko yazo igutyungelwe iqokobhe phezulu apho ziqhotyoshelwe iipere ezimbini zazibekwe okhethekileyo. zazibekwe emva kwezi intlanzi ziphuhliswa kakuhle kwaye bakhonza amaphiko.

eriyali nganye yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini kunye ezifumaneka zamafu feathery. Baya bakhonza ukwandisa phezu imizimba yokuqubha. umzimba yabo ibekwe phantsi iintonga ukuba ama-6 imilenze yokuqubha. intlanzi Branched - amadama izilwanyana eqhelekileyo, imilinganiso zabo musa ukudlula ngemilimitha-5. Ezi izidalwa - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-ikhosistim kwechibi, ngenxa yokuba ukutya intlanzi abatsha. Ngoko ke, masikhe iintlanzi.

Pike

Pike namaxhoba awo (iintlanzi ukuba utya) - zizilwanyana amanzi. Le irhamncwa, yande kwilizwe lethu. Njengezinye izinto, Pike kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ekhula badla ngenye indlela. Bona Qhotsa nje ukuqanduselwa evela amaqanda, aphile ngqo kwi shallows, kwi coves nzulu. Kuyinto la manzi esisityebi eziphila zabo.

Apha Pike Qhotsa ziqala ukuba ondle ngokunzima ezo intlanzi ezininzi lenyama, esixoxe ngasentla. Ngeeveki ezimbini Qhotsa adlulele kwindawo zizinambuzane, rhorho kunye ntshulube. Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana amadama zelizwe lethu kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo zahlukile. schuryat abahlala kumbindi weRashiya, ekubeni eneminyaka iinyanga ezimbini abalukhethayo ukuya iphezulu oselula Roach: Oku yokuba akunjalo kwakudala, ichthyologists Ngeningalifumananga i inkalo umdla kuthi.

Ukususela ngelo xesha, ekudleni Pike entsha iqala ukukhula ngokuphawulekayo. Yena ngovuyo utya tadpoles, amasele, intlanzi enkulu (ezinkulu maxa wambi kunawe kabini!) Kwaye nkqu iintaka ezincinane. Ngamanye amaxesha Pike enzela: badle abalingane babo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba intlanzi zooplankton - asingabo kuphela izilwanyana ezihlala emanzini. Bona eminye nabemi bazo.

Spider-igugu

Igama lakhe yesibini - le spider amanzi. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kulo lonke elaseYurophu arachnid isidalwa, yahlukile nezalamane zabo bequbha uboya phezu ngemilenze kunye neenzipho ezintathu phezu kwabo. Igama lakhe kaloku ngenxa yesisu izibane kwamanzi ukukhanya kwakhe zesilivere. Spider akuthethi ukuthi xumbu ngenxa izinto ezikhethekileyo amanzi angangeni. Izakufunyanwa amile okanye kade-ugeleza.

Sidla spider iintimba ezininzi izilwanyana ezincinane, Badidekile iintsinga Imisonto kwamanzi. Maxa wambi alibamba ngayo ixhoba labo. Ukuba kwafumaniseka ukuba ukubamba ngakumbi kunesiqhelo, yena ndawo ngenyameko kwasala izindlu kwamanzi. Hi ndlela leyi, yenza zesigcawu indlwane yalo, umsonto ukuthimba izinto kwamanzi. Kuyinto ivuliwe downwardly, nenzaliseko yalo zesigcawu amanzi kunye nomoya, ukwenza ebizwa ngokuba yi-diving-intsimbi.

foot isiziba ezifanayo

Izilwanyana ezihlala emanzini, ngeendlela ezininzi ezaziwayo nathi kwincwadi yesikolo zezilwanyana. Loo foot isiziba eqhelekileyo asinto umnyinyiva. Ezi iinkumba olukhulu mbambela zemiphunga. Bahlala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, Asia, kuMntla Merika nase-Afrika. ERashiya, iintlobo inkulu lokuphila ezininzi mbambela. Engqonge njengecochlea - ixabiso variable, kuba uxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubukho kweemeko ezithile.

"Indlu" Bakhe - isinki enye-sifuba kunye umngxuma olunye emazantsi. Njengomgaqo, yena twirled kwi isantya amathuba 5-7 luqhubeke phantsi. Ngaphakathi iqokobhe liqumrhu yaso inkunkuma. Ukususela kumaxesha ixesha iphumele ngaphandle, ekusekeni intloko ezinyaweni phezulu kwaye ububanzi kwaye iflethi ngezantsi. Nale ichibi unyawo izilayidi njengenkumba kwizityalo izinto kwamanzi ungathanda umtyibilizi.

Asazi esazi kuqatshelwe ukuba nkumba isiziba eqhelekileyo kuba mbambela miphungeni. Into yokuba ezi zilwanyana yamanzi emvula siphefumle umoya esesibhakabhakeni, njengokuba nani nathi. Truncatula nge "iinyawo" intonga ukuya elingaphantsi amanabukeni amanzi ibonisa umngxuma yayo ukuphefumla, icholwa umoya. Hayi, akukho mfuneko yokuba ukukhanya, phantsi kwesikhumba zibe ebizwa ngokuba yi-kwisisu miphungeni. Kungenxa kuwo igcinwe kwaye kudliwe umoya.

Namasele maxoxo

amadama isilwanyana ayiphelelanga Cya, iinkumba kunye nezinye izidalwa ezingenamqolo ezincinane. Kunye iintlanzi amachibi namachibi kunokubonwa eziphila - amasele kunye maxoxo. tadpoles zabo phantse yonke zasehlotyeni ukubhukuda amachibi amanzi acocekileyo. Entwasahlobo zamasele "Ikonsathi" anelisekile: ukuba usebenzisa iingxowa zabo resonators bawling yonke indawo, amaqanda emanzini.

izilwanyana

Ukuba sithethe uhlobo izilwanyana amadama ezirhubuluzayo, akukho mathandabuzo, sinako phawula i inyoka eqhelekileyo. Ubomi bakhe lonke ezinxulumene ngqo efuna ukutya. Uza kundikhangela amasele. Ngokuba umntu, ezi nyoka musa ziyingozi imbi. Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi ningazi ukubulala iinyoka, iphambanisa nabo iinyoka ezinobuhlungu. Ngenxa yoko, inani yezi zilwanyana kuba ngonyuka lifinyele. Enye ezirhubuluzayo zasemanzini - kukuthi, umzekelo, abatyibilikisi ebomvu-eared. Yaba terrariums zakhe ziqulathe zemvelo Amateur.

iintaka

Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana amadama becala amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye namanye, ngokuba yokuqala ukukhusela yesibini! Oku ngokukhethekileyo kubonwa ngokucacileyo kwimeko zeentaka. Utyekelo yeentaka ukuze imizimba amanzi kungenxa yokuba umthamo ukutya aphezulu kwezi ndawo, kwakunye neemeko ezibalaseleyo ukhuseleko (iingcongolo kunye sedges ntaka engabonakaliyo). Ubuninzi yezi zilwanyana isekelwe anseriformes (amarhanisi, amadada, amadada) passerine, copepods, pogankoobraznyh, Ciconiiformes charadriiformes neentaka.

ezanyisayo

Phi ngaphandle kwazo! Abameli bale klasi kwezilwanyana babambelela phezu wonke umhlaba, esasaza naphi na apho kunokwenzeka: emoyeni (ilulwane) emanzini (iminenga, dolphins) emhlabeni (amahlosi, iindlovu, iindlulamthi, izinja, iikati), komhlaba (shrews , abamenzelayo). Ngaphandle koku, ezanyisayo, ezinxulumene ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo yaye emi phezu umda welizwe lethu ayikho nje kakhulu.

Ezinye zazo bachitha phantse bonke ubomi bakhe kumaqumrhu emanzini ngaphandle kokushiya kwabo inyathelo elinye (muskrat, weasel, otter, muskrat, beaver), ngoxa abanye bakhetha ukuba bahlale emanzini, yaye ecaleni kwaso (voles amanzi). Xa izilwanyana ezinjalo phakathi iinzwane ziphuhliswa kakuhle lokudada inwebu, nasezindlebeni kunye zekhala izivalo ezikhethekileyo, plug ezi umngxuma ebalulekileyo submersion isilwanyana.