Paintings Makovsky: inkcazelo, photo

Abaculi zaye zabandakanywa Association of Ukuhamba Art Imiboniso - "abathululi" - ekhohlo, azafunyanelwa ndawo Kukhazimlayo, ukupeyinta Russian wesithathu yokugqibela yenkulungwane XIX. Le yinkolelo Russian kakhulu imbali yezobugcisa, njengoko osemqoka yayo engundoqo baba ubomi zobugcisa nezentlalo macala engenakususwa eli lizwe. Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky wajoyina ngabelusi-1972, kwiminyaka emibini emva nokubunjwa kwayo, yaye wayengomnye nxaxheba kakhulu esebenzayo. ukupeyinta Makovsky ilizwe laxhamla ingqalelo enkulu kulo abenzi bemilingo kule ntshukumo art.

biography

Wayengomnye oonyana abathathu Egora Ivanovicha Makovskogo - inani yokuluka obalaseleyo e Moscow, umqokeleli, omnye wabaseki Moscow School edume Umzobo, Umfanekiso Architecture. Zombini abazalwana - uConstantine uNicholas - kwakunye udade Alexander baba ngabapeyinti, yaye omnye udade - Maria - umculi. Esengumntwana, omnye wootitshala yaba odumileyo Vladimir Vasily Tropinin.

Le mizobo yokuqala Makovsky, eqala uhlobo imifanekiso "inkwenkwe othengisa kvas" (1861), zibhalwe kwi-15 ubudala, wabonisa amandla akhe amakhulu ngokujonga ukuphila iziganeko kuye ukufudusa ngazo ukuya ngelaphu. Ngowe-1861 wangena MUZHVZ - esikolweni, omnye wabaseki leyo uyise. Yena iziqu imbasa yesilivere, labelwa womzobo "ukufunda yoncwadi" (1865).

Imizobo emininzi Makovsky baba iziganeko kuphuhliso yakhe yendalo nobungcali. Kuba ukupeyinta "neyabalimi amakhwenkwe lelokugada amahashe" (1869), wamkela isihloko "udidi lomculi we isidanga sokuqala," kunye "Abathandi iinightingale" (1973) wonyuselwa ukuba Academy of Irestyu yeHlabathi.

Ixesha elininzi ukusetyenziswa ngo ebomini imisebenzi master yokufundisa. iminyaka 12 wafundisa kwi MUZHVZ - ukususela 1882 ukuya 1894, yaye omnye-24 zonyaka - kwi-St Petersburg Academy of Arts, fanelaka 1895 i Umphathi i-Higher School of Art e-Academy of Arts.

Famous artist wafa ngoFebruwari 1920 Petrograd.

"Ukudlala ugogo" (1870)

Umzobi watshata kusasa, yaye ngo-1869 waba unyana yokuqala, owathi kamva waba naye an artist - Alexander Makovsky. Vladimir E., ogama imifanekiso sele waba uhlobo ukubandakanya ecacileyo, ukususela ngelo xesha eninzi ingqalelo umxholo zabantwana. Phakathi kwabo wakhululwa Imizobo yakhe ukupeyinta, leyo kuqala ethengwe sokuqokelela odumileyo Pavlom Mihaylovichem Tretyakovym. Kuye laba uphawu ngenxa Makovsky ingqalelo bokugqibela opeyintayo.

abantwana yamahlwempu adlale umdlalo kakhulu iyafikeleleka kubo. Isebenzisa i uninakhulu - amathambo ezincinane izilwanyana amathambo - iinkomo okanye iihagu. Olu khuphiswano ngokuchana: yaloo matye, apho ndafumana jam ekhethekileyo (uninakhulu, ziyalinganiselwa ilothe), ngamaxhoba umdlali.

... Ngoku ke into ephambili kubo - umdlalo apho unikezwa lonke, kunokutshiseka. Enye ehleli khona, ingqondo ukubalwa imveliso, kunye nezinye elindele ngenyameko kwebhola elandelayo. Makovsky, ogama imizobo ezi meticulousness lunomahluko xa iinkcukacha ekhaya, oluchanekileyo kunye bokuqonda nasengqondweni. Wonke umdlalo ubuntu bakhe, isimilo sakhe. Jikelele - uburharha nokuthantamisa kunye nethemba, nokuba obungenakutshatyalaliswa iingubo ubuhlwempu kunye kwindawo esihle zendawo.

Imizobo Early Makovsky umahluko ingqalelo ngokugqithiseleyo kwiinkcukacha, maxa wambi kuthintela bezibona holistic. Kwixesha elizayo, ibhrashi ngumzobi buza eninzi inkululeko, kwaye palette iya kuba eqinileyo ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela sikuphephe ethile variegation semvelo, ingakumbi, siye sahlolisisa umfanekiso.

"Abathandi iinightingale" (1873)

Kulo mfanekiso umele zobugcisa Russian kwi lo Mboniso ka yeHlabathi e Vienna, apho wawongwa eninzi ingqalelo abaphulaphuli.

Ngaphandle window naluvayo le warble Nightingale, kunye nabalimi ezintathu bakuva, emlonyeni isidlo nemudrenyh yakhe. Enye, emi, wema, ekhangele phandle ngefestile, ezama ukukhangela ngaphandle Birdie encinane. Okwesibini, zasela ngokucacileyo kakhulu nakubahlobo bakhe, icala esundu kutsho ingoma lilt Nightingale. Okwesithathu, eyona kakhulu, ukuphulaphula uhlaziywe izikhwebu ngeendevu zakhe. Apha, yonke izele ubomi kunye nesandi: ukukhanya window, kuyingozi nezijekulo abalinganiswa, imbiza-bellied samovar ashushu, ngendlela elula kodwa 'nencasa "zipeyintwe kusekho ubomi.

Eyaziwa ngokutsha ngale umfanekiso Dostoevsky omkhulu, badumisa umfanekiso ephumayo ziimpawu ezintle esinazo size ingqalelo umntu oqhelekileyo, kodwa akazange nje Russian; kodwa ke sabantu.

"Fela" (1879)

Ngokuthe ngcembe, izifundo igcisa ezilahlekileyo Imizobo yokuqala uburharha semvelo kunye nesimo sengqondo isigqebelo kubalinganiswa. Amalaphu bafumane idrama kunye ukungacaci. Ezi iinketho ezimbalwa ukuba umzobo abaqhelekileyo eziye indlela Idabi, yaye isimo sengqondo kubameli amanani ezinjalo elime ngayo abantu Russian.

Umfana neempelesi abaxhobileyo amaxolo asuswa kwenkundla. E ophumayo ukuba izalamane zakhe, kuquka unina, noyise, intombazana eselula kunye nendoda endala. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ophambili awazalelwa abalimi okanye amahlwempu ezidolophini. makoti noyise wakhe kwiklasi nempumelelo kakhulu. Umculi akuthethi ukubonisa inkoliseko ibonakale ukugweba, hayi uvelwano ebonakalayo yena nabanye. Wamsa close omnye ukubandezeleka kwakhe - unina, babambelela izandla zakhe imploringly, ndivuselela, unyana wakhe, uyise ukukhala engapheli.

Yaye khangela revolution engaguquki hero nkolo ngenxa yabantu. Ngenxa yakhe - ukudideka kunye nokunqongophala egwetyiwe ukuchaneka kwazo. Makovsky, ogama imizobo - obugcwele ezikhoyo zengqondo eluntwini, ibonisa utshintsho ngokunxulumene iindlela kumzabalazo ochasene umyalelo okhoyo, ukuba ababebuthelene amaqela ezinkulu kunye iintshukumo ezifanayo "Narodnaya Volya".

"Rendezvous" (1883)

Abantwana - ngesihloko apho wayesebenza ngokufuthi Makovsky. Vladimir E., picture wakhe wokuqala - ibonisa njengabantwana, ancome sisiqalo ubomi obutsha kwixesha elizayo uthetha, amacala yobuntwana badla ephawulekayo ezahlukeneyo eRashiya wanamhla.

"Kwihlabathi" senziwa ukunika abantwana kwiintsapho ezihluphekileyo. Lo ngumntwana abe ngumkhonzi singenamandla okanye apprentice khulu ilayishe. Ukwamkela kumamkeli a isixhaso uludwayi yokuhlala kokwabo ukutshabalala, abantwana siyeke kuba ngumthwalo usapho, esehlelwa cosiness usapho kunye nasekuqaleni komzimba. Le sisendleleni ingakumbi eqhelekileyo kwaye bayazazi iintsapho umlimi owasinika inkwenkwe wenkonzo mzi.

Kumalunga isiphelo yomntwana ithi Makovsky. Inkcazelo mfanekiso ingathatha emininzi amaphepha, kodwa ngelaphu abalinganiswa nje emibini. Ibhinqa yamahlwempu lifikile indlela ende kunye iqhina omncinane yaye unamathele esandleni sakhe. Wamzala Isonka unyana wakhe wokukholisa umntwana wakho. Umfazi nofefe ujonge inkwenkwe enganxibanga zihlangu, wayambethe Ibala elimdaka - kuk, nto isebenza kwezinye evenkileni waza wafumana imizuzu embalwa ixesha simahla intlanganiso kunye nomama wakhe.

Painting isimbo wegcisa, kakhulu, iye yatshintsha - akukho mfanekiso eneenkcukacha yaye luzotywe ngononophelo iinkcukacha, ophazamisayo, uwaphule. Shadow umbala asinto yimbonakaliso ulonwabo umhla xesha, yaye isimo kakhulu nokubonisa ebuntwaneni elahlekileyo.

"Kwi-Boulevard" (1886)

Makovsky Kudla ngokuthiwa ukuba ukulahlwa imizuzu eli womzobi nje ezimbalwa kuye, kuba apho ixesha ukukuxelela into umbhali angathatha amaphepha amaninzi. Ngowe-1880, inkosi lifikelele isakhono liphezulu ekwenzeni ezi imizobo, amabali amafutshane. Enye yezi ntaba kunye nobugcisa ukupeyinta, kwaye umxholo yi womzobo "Kwi esikhulu." Ngeli xesha, imizobo V. E. Makovskogo ziqulathe abalinganiswa ababini kuphela, kodwa ukunqongophala kwabo olunzulu uhlalutyo iingxaki zentlalo siswele kakhulu.

Phambi kwethu libali encinane malunga ngokwaphulwa kakhulu kubomi lentsapho oselula. Kubonakala ukuba afika evela kwilali apho azimisele ukuhlala ngathi abazali bakho, umsebenzi eziqhelekileyo ngoyolo umlimi indlela yobomi. Kodwa umyeni wakhe wanamathela kulo mzi, ukuba asebenze kwi-, "elihle" kunye nobomi obutsha umdla. Ke kaloku, emva kwexesha elithile umfazi wakhe ukuba aye kumyeni wakhe. Ngoku abasemzini. Wakwazi ekufakeni umoya umzi - ukubukela ngenyameko imbonakalo, ezandleni a ikhodiyani amancinci - kucacile ukuba uthanda kakhulu ebomini esixekweni.

Yena usemncinci kakhulu, kodwa sele uyazi ukuba angalindela kwixesha elizayo, apho ubona amandla ngokupheleleyo. Kule Vladimir Makovsky kwaye ephefumlayo lusizi, yinto uhlobo ukubonisa kanye umdlalo zabucala abantu ababini, yaye ibonisa isikali ingxaki yesizwe ekutshatyalalisweni yesiqhelo indlela yobomi, elakhiwa ukutyhubela iinkulungwane kwaye ngoku kutshatyalaliswa kunye nophuhliso kwamaziko mveliso.

lemveli

Vladimir E. Kukho imikhwa umsebenzi omkhulu kunye fecundity ngobuchule. Isiphumo yeminyaka yakhe emininzi yomsebenzi yaba encyclopedia wokwenene Eyona nto kakhulu uphawu lwendlela yokuphila Russian ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. Wanikel izihloko zabo bonke ubukhulu - ukususela ngeziganeko zemihla ngemihla ukuya bepolitiki - nokuzise izakhono bokwenene yokuluka.

Ababhali-mbali note art ekhaya ukuba isiphelo sobomi V. Makovsky waba lweli iimbono angqingqwa ngakumbi ekuphuhliseni yokudweba, isimo sengqondo esibi malunga khangela imixholo emitsha kunye nendlela yokuthetha. Kodwa ke ubukhulu balo mzobo kwimizobo Russian kule nto kuba lincinane.