Peltier Module: Ukucacisa

Thermocouples (umnqongo Peltier) isebenza kumgaqo thermocouple isiphumo esahlukileyo - imbonakalo umahluko lobushushu xa ukungena nokuphuma zombane yangoku.

njani i element Peltier?

Lidla isicelo nje imodyuli Peltier, umgaqo leyo equka ngokugqithisela therethrough kwi ukukhutshwa okanye ukufunxeka ubushushu ngalo mzuzu lokudibana izinto ezahlukeneyo a current. Density lwe-eneji yokumpompoza elektroni phambi nasemva contact yahlukile. Ukuba imveliso ingaphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba unako ukwenza ubushushu. Xa electron ke yehla yaya wadibana entsimini yombane, ukuba makabele namandla entshukumo ukuya emkhusaneni, esotha kuyo. Ukuba kokuba olungongezwanga, ubushushu ako. Oku kungenxa yokuba inxalenye amandla ethatyathwa yikristale emkhusaneni iyintsimbi- yayo kwenzeka.

Ubukhulu becala, le meko sizalwa semiconductors, ngenxa umahluko omkhulu phakathi izityholo.

imodyuli Peltier, ukusetyenziswa apho esingunobangela kwakhona wethu, esetyenziswa ukwenza izixhobo kobubi thermoelectric (system). Elula esakhiwa ezimbini p- semiconductor kunye n-hlobo, serially enxulumene nge abafowunelwa zobhedu.

Ukuba elektroni ukusuka semiconductor "p" kwi "n", utshintsho yokuqala ukusuka ezinqanyulezisiweyo metal ukuba recombine kunye kuphuma amandla. Le nqubo elandelayo ukusuka semiconductor "p" kwi umqhubi yobhedu ihamba 'esolulela "of elektroni ngenxa isiphambuka entsimini yombane. Le nkqubo ikhokelela ukufunxeka amandla kunye Ukupholisa nakummandla ongqonge qha. Ngokufanayo, kukho iinkqubo kwezi ukuguquka.

Xa indawo zokufudumeza iyintsimbi- nabafowunelwa moya ezahlukeneyo ukufana ukufumana ukusebenza nokusebenzisa le nkqubo. Semiconductors zenziwe of selenium, bismuth, kwistibhiya kunye tellurium. Imodyuli Peltier yokuhlala inani elikhulu thermocouples libekwe phakathi amacwecwe yodongwe ephuculweyo okanye aluminium oxide.

Imiba echaphazela ukusebenza system

• Amandla yangoku.
• Inani thermocouples (ukuya ku amakhulu ambalwa).
• Iintlobo semiconductor.
• Izinga lungapholi.

ezininzi ukufikelela akuphumelelanga kude ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza ephantsi (5-8%) kunye neendleko eziphezulu. To simiso asebenza ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukuba kuqinisekiswe nokususwa olusebenzayo ubushushu ukusuka kwicala shushu. Oku kudala ubunzima lwalo eluncedo indlela. Ukuba utshintsha ezichaseneyo wamacala ukubanda nobushushu zitshintshiwe omnye nomnye.

Eluncedo nengeloncedo modules

Imfuneko yezi nkqubo wabonakala ukuvela bezixhobo zombane ukuba zifuna miniaturized iinkqubo kobubi. Inzuzo le modyuli zilandelayo:

• compactness;
• akukho ezihambayo imidibaniso;
• Peltier yokusebenza umnqongo mgaqo ingathityazwa ngokuguqula ezichaseneyo;
• uqhagamshelo elula kubangela ukwanda ngamandla.

Eyona Ububi obukhulu ukusebenza phantsi kwimodyuli. Oku wabonakaliswa ngeendleko ezinkulu igunya ekuphumezeni ifuthe lungapholi oyifunayo. Ukongeza, ukuba sele iindleko eziphezulu.

Ukusebenza system

Imodyuli Peltier i ekukhethwa asetyenzisiweyo ukuze apholise engenelela kunye namalungu amancinane. Isiseko kwabekwa izinto Ukupholisa kwezixhobo umkhosi:

• chips;
• kakutsha infrared;
• semvelo laser;
• crystal oscillators.

Ndaqalisa ukusebenzisa i Peltier umnqongo thermoelectric kwizixhobo kwabendlu: ukudala iifriji, izimiso umoya, umbane, nabalawuli lobushushu. Injongo yalo esentloko kukuba ukupholisa izinto ezincinane.

CPU olupholisa

Awona macandelo aphambili computers rhoqo ukuba ngcono, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyukeni ubushushu. Kunye kubo nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokupholisa ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa obutsha, indlela mihla yolawulo. umnqongo Peltier esetyenzisiweyo kule ndawo bafumana ngokuyintloko kwi kwiisekethe okupholisa kunye namanye amacandelo elektroniki. Ngenxa microprocessors ngenkani imo lunikezelo Iicooler eqhelekileyo asisakwazi ukumelana. Ukunyuka iprosesa frequency kwenza kube lula ukuphucula intsebenzo yabo.

Ukunyusa isantya fan kukhokelela ngengxolo enkulu. Oku kushenxisa ngeendleko usebenzisa umnqongo Peltier kwinkqubo olupholisa edityanisiweyo. Ngale ndlela, iinkampani phambili ngokukhawuleza kakuhle ukuveliswa kweenkqubo ukupholisa kakuhle, ezibe kwemfuno enkulu.

Njengoko ubushushu 'yesitshixo sele inikezelwe esixhasiweyo Iicooler. Umoya stream unako ungasondeli okanye zisiwe ngaphandle ukusuka ngaphakathi kwinkqubo unit le. Ingxaki ephambili kuxhomekeke yokuba ngamanye amaxesha ubushushu emoyeni esaneleyo ukusasaza ubushushu. Ngoko simiso sasetyenziswa zokupholisa umoya flow ukungena kwinkqubo unit lo, ukuze ngoko kuqaqanjiswe ukusebenza kobushushu. Ngoko ke, lo conditioner umoya ezidibeneyo i umncedisi eziqhelekileyo computer okupholisa.

Kumacala omabini kwimodyuli ziyaxhonywa radiators aluminium. Kwisitya abandayo okupholisa umoya nophondo ukuze kumqhubekekisi. Emva koko uya kuthabatha ubushushu, ubuye ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa enye umnqongo mpilo eshushu plate radiator.

Nkqubo Modern ezisebenza isixhobo elektroniki kunye sensor lobushushu, apho iqondo okupholisa ngokomlinganiselo ubushushu kumqhubekekisi.

Ukusebenza iziqhubekisi okupholisa kukwadala ingxaki ethile.

1. Simple okupholisa iimodyuli Peltier ziyilelwe ngaxeshanye. Xa power sinciphile kwaye wayicola ukusasaza ubushushu, onokubangela overcooling yikristale kunye ezilandelayo ngumkhenkce iprosesa.
2. Ukuba umsebenzi kuyabanda kwaye liphole olo elungelelaniswe kakuhle, lo wokugqibela ndiye ubilisa kunokuba zokupholisa. imali eyongezelelweyo ubushushu umthombo iprosesa unobangela nobushushu.

Ngoko ke, ngokuba abaqhubekekisi mihla kufuneka ubuchwepheshe okupholisa bezi kolawulo iimodyuli ngokwabo. utshintsho ezinjalo kwiimeko yokusebenza azenzeki yevidiyo, nto leyo efuna lungapholi olunzulu. Ngoko ke, nkqubo ilungele nabo.

Autorefrigerator izandla zakhe

Phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, imboni yasekhaya wayezama ukuba bagqwese imveliso iifriji ubungakanani amancinci-, ezisekelwe phezu isiphumo Peltier. Ithekhnoloji ekhoyo xesha akazange avumele ukuba enze njalo. Ngoku ikakhulu kukuthintele lixabiso phezulu, kodwa iinzame iyaqhubeka kwaye inkqubela sele zifikelelwe apha.

Imveliso Wide yezixhobo thermoelectric ikuvumela ukuba eyakho izandla zakho ifriji encinane, elula ukuze zisetyenziswe kuzo iimoto. Isisekelo sayo i "isonka", nto leyo kwenziwa ngolu hlobo.

1. Ngelo ephezulu cover radiator inwebu thermally conductive uhlobo paste CBT-8 kunye Peltier umnqongo kweliny 'icala ubuso yodongwe.
2. Analogously apho iqhotyoshelwe kwicala esezantsi lwezinye kwiradiyetha, ekujongwe ukuba ibekwe egumbini efrijini.
3. yonke Le fowuni angenziwa zixinaniswe wome kangangeeyure 4-5.
4. Zombini radiators ifakiwe ezipholileyo: phezulu iya uthothe ubushushu nolusezantsi - alinganayo ubushushu egumbini efrijini.

kwisiqandisi istili wenziwa lunenwebu ubushushu-zokwambathisa ngaphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuba ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze wenze oku, ungasebenzisa ibhokisi isixhobo iplastiki rhoqo.

Power 12 inikezelwa ukusuka kwinkqubo imoto. zingenziwa kwaye kuyo 220 V AC ugesi. Scheme ukuguqula AC ukuya njalo isicelo kakhulu elula. Iqulathe rectifier kwebhulorho kunye yama- emlungisa capacitor. Kubalulekile ukuba ubukhulu imveliso ezi musa ngaphezu kwe-5% yexabiso ngegama, okanye liyancipha ngobuchule isixhobo. Kulo mnqongo wokulinganisela, kukho izigqibo ezimbini ezintambo ezinemibala. Ukuya ebomvu lisoloko ehlobene "dibanisa" ukuya abamnyama - "thabatha".

Power simiso kufuneka ilingane umthamo wamanqindi. Imivo 3 zokuqala zibonisa inani leeperi yokumakisha Izakha semiconductor ngaphakathi umnqongo (49-127 okanye ngaphezulu). Le ngamandla ngoku kubonakaliswa imivo emibini yokugqibela yokumakisha (3 ukuya kwi-15 A). Ukuba namandla akwanelanga, kufuneka zisoloko zithobela imithetho elawula radiators yenye mnqongo.

Ziqapheleni! Ukuba element ekhoyo iza kudlula amandla, iza kuba shushu macala omabini, yaye ngokukhawuleza breaks phantsi.

Imodyuli Peltier: a Umvelisi kumandla

Nkqubo zingasetyenziswa ukwenza umbane. Ukulungiselela le njongo kufuneka ukuba ukudala umahluko lobushushu phakathi iinkcenkce amalungiselelo therebetween thermocouple uya umbane.

Kuba ngokoqobo nkqubo kufuneka ubuncinane 5 V. ke ingasetyenziswa ukuhlawulisa ngeselula. Ngenxa ukusebenza phantsi kwimodyuli Peltier uya kufuna inyathelo-up DC lokuguqulela. Ukwakha wenkunkuma kufuneka:

• 2 Peltier umnqongo TES1-12705 iipleyiti kunye nobungakanani 40x40 mm;
• Converter EC-1674;
• aluminium ipleyiti 3 mm ubukhulu;
• pan amanzi;
• ubushushu-ukumelana ngcina.

Zibekwe phakathi macwecwe iimodyuli ezimbini phezu glue, kwaye ngoko ke isakhiwo yonke busisigxina emzantsini embizeni. Ukuba yizalise ngamanzi babeka phezu komlilo, ukufumana umahluko lobushushu kuyimfuneko ukuba luvelisa EMF malunga 1.5 V. Xa odibanisa iimodyuli ukuba kunyuswe lokuguqulela, ungenza ukwandisa ombane volts-5 ukuze ibattery yefowuni.

Okuya uba mkhulu umahluko lobushushu phakathi amanzi kwipleyiti esezantsi eshushu, i-generator isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba azame ukunciphisa ubushushu kwamanzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: .. Ukuze wenze kumpompoza, badla endaweni afreshi njl An indlela ephumelelayo yokwandisa umahluko ubushushu na uqhagamshelwano ndachithelwa iimodyuli xa enyanzeliswa phezu kwezinye zikhabane. Ukwandisa inani labantu ngokubanzi ifowuni ibekwe phakathi iipleyiti kuvumela izinto ezininzi ukuze ngokwenjenjalo kwandiswe amandla iyonke.

yokusebenza wenkunkuma uya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibize iibhetri amancinci, nokusebenza izibane LED okanye unomathotholo. Ziqapheleni! Ukudala iminqongo efunekayo thermoelectric ekwaziyo ukusebenza kwi 300-400 ⁰ C! Ezinye fanela ukuba uvavanyo trial kuphela.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela ezizezinye okuvelisa umbane, ukuba kungenziwa eziqhutshwa ngexesha intshukumo ukuba udale into efana nehitha encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi.

modules Peltier Domestic

Nkqubo kwimveliso wayo beza kuthi emarikeni hayi kudala. Yokuba zithembekile kakhulu yaye babe nokwenza okulungileyo. umnqongo Peltier leyo kwemfuno enkulu, ineenkalo ka 40x40 mm. It yenzelwe ukuba ngoku ubuninzi 6 A kunye yombane ukuya ku 15 V.

Basekhaya umnqongo Peltier zingathengwa ngexabiso eliphantsi. Xa power 85 watts nto idala umahluko lobushushu 60 ⁰ C. Xa ezipholileyo iyakwazi ukukhusela nxamnye nobushushu iprosesa ukusasaza 40w.

Iimpawu yeenkampani iimodyuli phambili

Izixhobo angaphandle kwi emarikeni ngeelwimi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukukhusela mveliso ezikhokelela iprosesa lisetyenziswa kwifriji imodyuli RAH56V Peltier, ixabiso iqukiwe ne fan $ 35.

Kunye imilinganiso 30x30 mm ixhasa lobushushu iprosesa hayi ngaphezulu kwe 63 ⁰ C kunye ezabelwe watts ngamandla 25. Ukuze kubonelela ombane ngokwaneleyo 5 V, kwaye ngoku ayidluli 1.5 A.

afaneleka kahle sokwehlisa i Peltier umnqongo iprosesa RA6EHV enika imo lobushushu eqhelekileyo kwindawo ukusasaza amandla Watts 40. Ummandla modulus yalo 40x40 mm, kwaye ke ukusetyenziswa yangoku - 8 A. Kwakhona ubungakanani emikhulu - 60h60h52,5 mm (kunye fan) - isixhobo ifuna isithuba simahla ngeenxa zonke. ixabiso layo $ 65.

Xa usebenzisa Peltier iinkcukacha umnqongo kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno isixhobo okupholisa. Akuvumelekile ukuba kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela amafu kokufuma leyo ezonakalisayo ukusebenza ngomhla bombane.

Iminqongo nomvelisi wemfungumfungu wokwenziwa, ezifana TES1-12706, TES1-12709, yiba negunya mkhulu - 72 W-108 W ngokulandelelanayo. Bona ahluka ngokuphawula isoloko isicelo kwicala eshushu. lobushushu eliphezulu ngokuvunywe ecaleni kwabo abilayo 150-160 ⁰ C. The mkhulu ubushushu ithambeka phakathi amacwecwe, ombane aphezulu yemveliso ifunyenwe. Le fowuni usebenza nge umahluko eliphezulu lobushushu 600 ⁰ C.

iimodyuli Peltier zingathengwa ngexabiso eliphantsi - $ 10 okanye ngaphantsi iqhekeza ngalinye, ukuba uphanda kakuhle. Lidla abathengisi kakhulu zazi ixabiso, kodwa zingafumaneka ngamaxesha eziliqela zitshiphu ukuba ezithengwe kwi kwintengiso.

isiphelo

ukusebenza Peltier iye isetyenziswe ngalo mzuzu xa kwakudalwa kwifriji encinane, ubugcisa eyimfuneko mihla. Ukuyilungisa le nkqubo yenza kube lula ukuvelisa micro zombane, imfuno ukubiza izixhobo ze-elektroniki.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela ezizezinye okuvelisa umbane, inokusebenza endleleni, ukuba ufakela isifudumezi encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi.